Muzvakagadzirwa uye zvinhu, shuga inopatsanurwa kuva monosaccharides, disaccharides, uye polysaccharides. Monosaccharides inosanganisira shuga yemurope (glucose kana dextrose), shuga yemichero (fructose) uye galactose. Disaccharides dzinosanganisira shuga yemukaka (lactose), malt shuga (maltose), beet uye shuga (sucrose).
Utumbo hwomunhu hunogona kungoita kuti monosaccharides iite chete.
Kuti muviri wemunhu upiwe mafungiro asina kukwana, kugadzika kwavo mu monosaccharides kunofanira kuitika mumukumbo. Izvo zvinogona kutaurwa nezvemashizha emiti, cellulose, iyo iri mumugwagwa wezvokudya hauna kusungirirwa uye ndiyo inonyanya kukosha fiber muvanhu.
Shuga inopa simba
Pamwe chete nezvibereko zvemajisi, mbatatisi, miriwo uye zviyo, shuga ndeimwe yemakona makuru emakhahydrates. Mhando dzakasiyana dzeshuga uye starch ndiyo yakakosha yemakinehydrates kuvanhu, sezvo inopa mishonga simba rinodiwa. Kushandiswa kwemakrohydrates kunenge 300-500 gm pazuva. Monosaccharides inonyorerwa nyore nyore uye kubva mumatumbo inopinda muropa, saka, kuvashandisa unokwanisa kukurumidza kudzorera simba rakarasika uye zvakare kuva nesimba uye kushanda. Chine utano hwakanaka uye hwakakosha ishu. Iine 75-80 muzana yehuga (glucose, fructose uye sucrose), 15-20 muzana yemvura, minerals uye trace elements (iron, potassium, calcium, mhangura, magnesium, sodium uye phosphorus). Kuongorora kwehuchi kunoratidza kuti kune kunyange antibacterial substances mairi.
Ko shuga inogona kuva chikonzero chechirwere here?
Maererano nehuwandu, munhu mumwe nomumwe anobva kunyika dzakasiyana anodya zvakasiyana-siyana zvehuga, anenge makirogiramu makumi mana, zvichida kunyange 56 kilogiramu pagore (kureva, zvishoma pasi pe 110 gm pazuva). Shuga yakawanda kwazvo inokuvadza kana kudya kunenge kusina zvokudya zvekudya (chiropa, mazai), umo mune mavitamini akawanda B, sezvo kugadzirwa kwemashuga mumuviri womunhu kunoshandisa vitamini B1 (zviratidzo zvekushaikwa kwayo - kuderedza kuderedzwa uye kukwanisa kuisa pfungwa).
Sweets pasina shuga?
Mamwe mapundu, kutsvaga gums hazvina shuga, nokuti vanoshandisa shuga vatsigiri (uyewo mukugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvakagadzirirwa vanhu vane chirwere cheshuga). Vakapindira zvakanaka vanogona kukonzera kubvisa, kuvhiringidza kubata kwepamuviri, saka kazhinji kazhinji nekuda kwavo kune matambudziko akasiyana-siyana, kunyanya muvana vane makore maviri. Zvakaipa kwazvo vanhu avo vanoda kuora muviri, dzimwe nguva vanoshandisa zvinhu zvakagadzirirwa vanhu vane chirwere cheshuga. Izvi zvinogona kukuvadza kuhutano.
Nzira yekushandisa shuga?
Kutanga. Pese pazvinogoneka, kunakidza zvokudya uye kunwa panzvimbo pehuga, unogona kushandisa uchi.
Yechipiri. Zvigadzirwa zvakawanda zvekudya zvine shuga, uye hatitombofungi nezvayo.
Chechitatu. Kana uchiwedzera kudya ushuga, kunyanya iwe uchanzwa uine nzara.
Fourth. Kunyaradza vana nemasipi kana kuvanetsa masipepu manheru oga oga iko kukanganisa kukuru.
Zvokudya zvakawanda zvine zvimwe zvehuga. Nekuwedzera kweglucose kutungidzika, mamwe insulini inobudiswa. Iyo yakawanda yakanyanyisa kubuda mukati meropa anenge awa imwe mushure mekudya, saka iyo yakawanda ndiyo inongororwa ye insulini (yakadaro inotevera mushure mekudya zana magamu emuglucose). Saka, unofanira kutarisira hutano hwako uye kurapa kushandiswa kweshuga nekuchenjerera. Izvi zvose zvinokuchengetedza kubva pane zvakanyanya zve shuga muropa, uye zvino zvinodzivirira zvirwere zvakawanda zvakare, kusanganisira chirwere cheshuga.