Nhoroondo yechitarisiko che pasta yakarasika mumvura yakadzama mazana emakore. Zvinonyatsozivikanwa kuti ikozvino muGreece yekare yekugadzirwa kwemasodhu yakashandiswa kupinza pini uye mapanga makuru. Dry pasta yakatanga kuitwa mumakore ekumaSicily. Vakanga vakaoma mukati mezuva, zvakagadzirwa nemafuta emuorivhi, cheese, miriwo, idya. Kutanga, maItaly akauya nemichina yakakosha yekucheka hupfu, ndokumanikidzira kuitira kugadzirwa kwemhando dzakasiyana-siyana. Muzvizhinji, kwete pasina chavakatumidzwa kuti "pasta".
MUSI WEMATASTE
Meloman anonzwisisa zviri nyore zvinorehwa kana forte kana crescendo, uye gourmet - chii pasta fresca kana lasagna. Mataliyana ndiwo anonyanya kuda mimhanzi uye gourmets. Vakabva vaita kuti vave nehuwandu hwakanyanya pamusoro pe pasta, sezvavaiwanzoidza macaroni. Zvakaoma kuverenga kuti ndeapi mhando dzakasiyana dzepasita unogona kutenga nhasi, uye hazvirevi nguva dzose kuti zviitei nazvo. Kusarudza paste mudura, iwe unogona, zvechokwadi, kuverenga zita raRussia pane re-label, asi dzimwe nguva zvingave zvisina kana shanduro ichave shoma. Saka, zvishoma zveItaly zviri pachena hazvikuvadzi. Izvo chaizvo izwi rokuti pasta ndiro rakanaka polysemantic. Ichi ndicho chidya, uye icho chine nyika yekare, uye pasta pachayo. Kuita kuti vanhu vazive navo, zvinokwanisika kuziva mamiriyoni emapoka umo mhando dzakasiyana dzakabatana.
Pasika yakareba yakatarisa - iyi yakafanana nespaghetti kana kuti capellini. Zvakanakisisa kuvapfekedza nemashizha. Inogona kuunganidzwa mu "matendere". Muenzaniso we meanders "mhepo." Uye izvo zvatakashandisa kushevedza macaroni, kureva kuti, mashizha ane marefu akareba, anogona kururamisa se "mapapiro" uye akave akafanana ne "nyanga." Marefu machena ane maitiro akasiyana Nyama yakadyiwa inogona kuve nyama yakakangwa kana miriwo yakakangwa. Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana "mhete", "butterflies", "mabhomba" dzakasiyana chaizvo zvokuti dzinenge dziri oga muboka rakasiyana, asi hazvisi dzose.Inzvimbo inokosha muItaly cuisine is pasta ine kuzadza : vaimbotida ravioli kana zvimwe zvakafanana nep pelme yedu kana tortellini.Plat uye kwazvo wide noodles, lasagna (lasagna) - chikonzero cheponymous dish.
Nyaya yepasta inotengeswa muwomu wakaoma. Inogona kuchengetwa kwenguva refu. Hazvisi zvekuti panguva dzakaoma pasta yakachengeterwa kushandiswa kwemazuva ano uye inozviona sechigadzirwa chinokosha. Asi iyo imwe chete yePasta fresco, kana pasta itsva, inonakidza zvikuru. Nhasi, pasta yakachena, uye kubva kune vakasiyana-siyana vanogadzira (Italy, France, Denmark) mune fomu yakanyanyisa kana yechando inogonawo kutengwa kubva kwatiri. Inogona kuva nekuzadza (lasagna neminopinashi kana ham, tortellini, capelletti neshiese, mushroom) kana kunze (fetuccine-noodles) uye yakawedzerwa nemashizha akasiyana (semuenzaniso, tomato kana kamuti).
RUKA MUTARELKE
Dzimwe nguva unokwanisa kusangana nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzepasta, iyo inonzi even paste yakaoma. Vakauya kwatiri vachibva kunyika dzeAsia, kwavasina kugadzirwa neupfu hwegorosi, asi kubva murizi kana soya. Ita izvi "spaghetti" inongoda 1-2 miniti. Vaparidzi vemumba vanopawo zvigadzirwa zvepakutanga, sega rye pasta kana macaroni yekudya zvokudya neJerusarema artichoke. Pakati pese, kuisa pamwe ne additives kunonyanya kudiwa.
Mune mavara akasiyana-siyana anofara mubhokisi achabuda, kana iwe ukatenga paste-assortment. Mucheka mutsvuku wakajeka uchaupa bheetti yakawanda, tsvuku-tomato kana karoti, ruvara - sipinashi kana broccoli, uye zvakanyanya kusviba mutsva zvichabuda, kana inki yakagadzirwa nemucheka yakawedzerwa pairi.
Kana iwe uchida "shaper", edza spaghetti nechili. Nenzira, masayendisiti akawana kuti chinhu chinenge chiri mumoto unopisa - capsaicin-inodzivirira kuiswa kwemafuta mumuviri. Michida ndicho chikonzero nei zviri nyore kune vateveri vekuIndia neThai kuti vachengetedze hukama? Nezvepasita iyi hauzomboti "ivo vachandiparadza."
Ikozvino chiziviso chinonzi organic macaroni. Izvo, sezvimwe zvinhu "zvakasikwa", zvinotengeswa muzvitoro zvinodhura uye zvinodhura. Uyu ndiwo mafambiro ekufambisa mune zvehutano, iyo inofarira avo vanoda kuve nehutano uye vanogona kuripa. Pasita yakadaro haina chinhu chakashata. Chinonyanya kukosha, chinoitwa kubva kune yakakwirira yegorosi, iyo inokura pasina manyowa uye makemikari.
NOKUDZIDZA KUDZIDZA
Mutsara wepasta yekare yakanyanya nyore: upfu uye mvura. Ichokwadi, upfu hwakakosha, macaroni, nehupamhi hwepamusoro gluten, uye mvura haisi nyore, asi inokosha yekuchenesa. Dzimwe nguva vanowedzera mazai. Zvinotendwa kuti pasta chaiyo inogadzirwa chete kubva muupfu hwegorosi wemhando dzakasimba (Triticum durum). Apo vanobika, vanochengetedza kusimba uye havambobati pamwe chete.
Kunyange mumazuva aPeter I muItaly Fernando akaudza mumwe mutengesi weRussia chakavanzika chekuita pasta. Pakutanga kwemazana emakore ekuma19 ne20, Russia yakapa soro rakaoma kuItari. Zvimwe zvakanzi "Taganrog" zvaizivikanwa munyika yose, asi, zvinosuruvarisa, gare gare zvakarasika. Nhasi, munyika yose, gorosi yakawanda inowedzera. Chikamu chezvinyorwa zvakasimba zve 5% chete. Zakawanda zvepasta muRussia zvichiri kubudiswa kubva kuupfu hwemahombekiti kana hupfu hwepasta, asi hunobva kune gorosi re vitreous. Dzimwe nyanzvi dzinofunga kuti teknolojia yemazuva ano inokubvumira kuderedza kusawirirana kwevatengi maitiro eparta yakagadzirwa kubva kune gorosi rakaoma uye rakaoma. Asi kuItaly, Girisi neFrance, uko chete ndezvokuti durum zvinyorwa zvinotenderwa kuonekwa zvakasiyana.
Gorosi rakaoma ine maitiro akawanda anovimbisa kubudirira kwepesa. Apo inogadzirwa, hupfu hwakakura hunoumbwa - mbeu, dzinoshandiswa pakuita bheji rakakwirira kupfuura pasta, uye semicred - yekutanga gorosi. Gorosi durum ine carotenoid pigments, iyo iyo pasta inongowanikwa chete inobatsira, asi inovawo inofadza amber hue. Nemhaka yepuroteni yakagadzikana uye iyo yakagadzirwa, chimiro chakanaka chinoumbwa panguva yekubika, umo starch granules inopoteredza proteine lattice. Nokudaro, shoma shoma inopinda mumvura, uye pasi racho rinochengetedza maitiro aro.
Nutritionists vanoti izvi kubva pasta chaiyo yakaitwa kubva durum gorosi, haugoni kudzoka. Ichi ndicho chimiro chisina kururama. Mune magiramu 100 emafuro ane mafuta maduku chaizvo, anenge 10% mapuroteni uye akawanda emakrohydrates - 70-75%. Majini akawanda anokwanisa kubatsira kana iwe uri mararamiro anoshanda. Somuenzaniso, musati makwikwi, vatambi vanga varonga mapato spaghetti-sangano, kunyanya kushanda nesimba. Asi kana iwe ukasarudza kushandisa manheru manheru, chikamu chinofanira kuve chidiki. Zvechokwadi, muenzaniso waSophia Loren, uyo anozivisa pachena achiti: "Ndinoda pasta" uye ndichiri kuchengetedza runako uye chimiro, zvinofadza. Asi usakanganwa kuti pasta inongova chikamu chekudya kwake. MaItaly havana kugara vachida pasta chete, asiwo miriwo, tisi, hove, maruva ewaini newaini tsvuku - mune zvose, zvose zvinonzi "mishonga yeMediterranean". Kushumira spaghetti, uyo anogadziriswa achagara achiisa patafura tate, maolivhi, eonikisi uye garlic. Uye, zvechokwadi, mascuchoro mashomanana.
PASTE uye PESTO
Kusarudza ichi kana mutsutso, zvakakosha kuyeuka mutemo unokosha: pfupi uye pasta yakareba, iyo yakasvibisa muto inofanira kuva. Imwe yemapasta akawanda epasta ndiyo pesto. Iyo yakagadzirwa nokukuya mudura zvose zvinoshandiswa kusvikira imwe yekare. Uye iwe uchadida iyo mashizha e basil, maolivhi, garlic, parmesan cheese, pine nuts. Nenzira, hazvisi zvakaoma kufungidzira kuti shoko rechiRussia rokuti "pest" uye zita reItaly resauce rine maitiro akafanana. Pesto - chaizvoizvo "Ndinodha."
Imwe muto mutsva unozivikanwa nyama. Inogadzirwa pamusana pezvakagadzirwa nyama, kunyanya pamwe nematato uye waini tsvuku. Kwenguva yokutanga sauce yakadaro yakagadzirirwa muBoorgia, ndicho chikonzero inonzi Bolognese. Muzhinji, tomato seasonings ndeimwe yevanonyanya kuda. Kwemazuva akawanda vaidhura uye havasvikiki. Inonyanya kufarirwa ndeye carbonara sauces (ine ham), aioli (negoriki), sauces nemafuta egungwa.
IYE SELF EXPERT
Kana iwe ukasarudza kutenga uye kugadzirira pasta chaiyo yeItaly kumba, tora zvinyorwa zvishoma.
- Tsvaga pamusoro pezita re pasta mazita: kubva pagorosi zvakasiyana-siyana. Pazvinyorwa zvepamberi dzinotumirwa kuboka "A", uye kubva kune dzakaderera kusvika kumapoka "B" kana "B". Macaroni kubva kumakadhi akasimba anogona kusarudzwawo nemashoko durum, semolina di grando duro, mukuwedzera tsanangudzo uye zviyero.
- Cherechedza zviri mukati pechipatara (semitemo, inobvumira). Zvakasikwa kuti macaroni ive yakasimba (hapanofanira kuva nematombo), kuti ive neyemodhiyo, inowanzove yakatsvuka-yero, ruvara uye inotonhora.
- Iva nechokwadi chokuti sarudzo yakanaka inogona kuva pamba. Dry pasta kubva kune zvakasiyana zvegorosi rakaoma pamaputsika anofanira kunge ane girazi pamusoro, uye kubva pane zvishoma. Pakugadzira kubika, wekutanga haaiti, haafaniri kushamba mumvura inotonhorera. "Isina" "pasta" imwe chete inogona kuchinja ibhola, uye mvura yavakange yakasungirirwa nayo, inofanira kunge yakaoma.
- Zviri nyore kugadzirira pasta. Birai pasta mumvura yakawanda yekubikira mvura yakarungwa (inowanzosvika chiyero che1:10), asi ivo pachavo vanowedzera muhuru nehafu. Nguva yekubika inoratidzirwa pamapurasitiki uye inosiyana nemigadzirwa yemhando dzakasiyana. MaTaliyana anotenda kuti inofanira kuonekwa nekururama kwakakwana, kunze kwekuti uri kugadzirira paste al dente. Spaghetti nemamwe marefu marefu anosvibiswa mumvura zvishoma nezvishoma, zvechokwadi, pasina kuputsa.
- Chengetedza pasita muhomwe yayo yepakutanga munzvimbo yakaoma, kure nemiti yakagadzirwa nekunhuhwirira kwepungent. Zviri nani kuti uzviise mubhokisi rehuni (kana chingwa chikuru). Icho kutonhora haufaniri kuva pamusoro pe30 ° C. Ipapo iwe unogona kuchengeta pasta (mumatanda akaiswa mukati) kunyange kwemakore akawanda. Saka vanozvikudza vanozviti vaiti, kunyange zvakadaro, sei, iyo, nerufaro, muchitoro zvakasiyana-siyana!
Macaroni inodiwa nekodzero yedu. Uye, tinogona kukakavadzana nemashoko kubva kuimba iyo pamusoro pekuda pasta - regai vati vandiparadza. Usaparadza, asi kubatsira kuchengetedza chimiro, hutano uye mufaro weupenyu.