Vanonongedza muviri wemwana pakarepo paanenge aberekwa. Uye izvi, sekutonga, ndezve rugare rwekugara pamwe chete. Mwana nemakumbo ake mashoma havangorarami muhutano, vanowana zvakanyanya kubatsirwa neizvi. Mishonga inokonzera michero inokosha kwavari uye isingadikanwi kumwana, panguva imwe chete ichibudisa huwandu hwemakemikari anobatsira mwana kudya zvokudya. Bhakitiriya rinodzora kupindira mumukaka wemukaka we bileic acid, mamwe mahomoni uye cholesterol, anobatanidzwa mukugadzirisa kwemvura-munyu metabolism. Mukuwedzera, zvinhu zvakawanda zvinokosha kumwana zvinopiwa: mavitamini, antibacterial factors, hormones. "Zvirwere zvayo" zvinogona kukanganisa zvirwere zvepathogenic, zvakasiyana-siyana, uye zvinoshandiswa semasimba emasimba. Nzvimbo inokosha inoratidzika ma microorganisms pakuita nekugadzirisa kushanda kwakanaka kwekuchengetedzwa kwezvirwere, kurwisa zvinopisa zvinopisa. Nzira yekurapa dysbacteriosis mucheche uye chii chiri chekutanga zviratidzo zvechirwere - zvose izvi munyaya yacho.
Ko microflora yakaumbwa sei?
Muchizvaro chaamai, mwana haagamuchiri michina-iyi inotarisirwa ne placenta uye amniotic membranes. Nokudaro, utumbo uye dzimwe nhengo dzose dzomwana hazvina maturo. Kana achipfuura nomugero wekubereka, mwana anotaura ma microbes anogara mavari. Kazhinji ivo vari kuparadzanisa ganda, maziso nemuromo wemucheche, uye kuburikidza nemudonzvo wembilical, amai vanoendesa ma antibodies kune microflora iyi. Nokudaro, mwana wacho atova akagadzirira kusangana nemakorikari ekutanga muupenyu hwake - maitiro ake ezvirwere zvemuviri anokwanisa kunyatsogadzirisa mabasa avo anokosha. Nhanho inotevera inokosha mukukudziridza kwe microflora yemuviri ndiyo yekutanga kushandiswa kusvika pazamu. Iwe unofanirwa kuita izvi mumaawa ekutanga ekuonekwa kwomwana. Uye ndicho chikonzero. Zvinyorwa zvinouya mumirasire, uye gare gare nemukaka kubva kuna amai, zvinopinda mudumbu umo chikamu chacho chinoputirwa, asi nekuda kwemabasa mashoma ehydrochloric acid, chimwe chikamu chinopinda mumuviri mukuru, kwavanoita. Nokudaro, pakuguma kwevhiki yekutanga yehupenyu, makumbo mumutsipa wake anokwanisa kuona nezve 10-15 marudzi akasiyana eviramu. Apo kukorodzwa kwemukati, vanoramba vachitungamirira "kukwikwidzana kukwikwidzana" pakati pavo. Iko kusinganzwisisiki kwechinguva kusinganzwisisiki kwekugadzirwa kwe microflora - iyo inonzi inonzi physiological dysbacteriosis, iyo mumwana ane utano inopera kubva masvondo 3-4 kusvikira 4, uye dzimwe nguva mwedzi miviri kusvika ku6. Asi mamiriro akadaro akazara zvachose, haafaniri kururamisa.
Shanduro yeDysbiosis
Asi chii chinonzi dysbiosis? Ichi ndicho chimiro chemuviri wemwana, umo chirwere chepathogenic chinowanikwa panzvimbo yechinhu chinowanzogadzirwa nemhepo inonzi microflora. Icho chirevo chinoreva "chimwe chinhu chakaipa". Kana iwe ukashandura izwi rechiito verbatim - ihwo humwe humwe hunochinja mu microflora, kukanganisa kubva kuhutano hwakanaka, asi izvi hazvirevi kuti chirwere kana chirwere. Mumakore gumi apfuura, kuongororwa kwe "dysbiosis" kunobudiswa kakawanda sekuzivikanwa kwe "ARD." Kunyange zvazvo ICD-10 (inonyanya kusarudzwa kwezvirwere, iyo inofanira kutungamira vanachiremba venyika yose), hapana chakadaro chinongororwa zvachose. Muchidimbu che "dysbiosis", kana ihwo huri hutumbu chete, kune huwandu hwakawanda hwehutachiona hwemukati mudumbu uye kushandiswa kwehutachiona hwehutachiona hwekoloni. Kuparadzana kwakadaro kunowanikwa kune vose vana vane hutachiona hwekudzivirira, kuvhara, kurarisa uye mamwe matambudziko emagetsi. Nokudaro, dysbacteriosis inogona kuonekwa sekuratidzwa kwezvinetso, asi kwete sechimiro chekuzvimiririra chechimiro. Saka, iwe unoda kurapa kwete dysbiosis, asi kuputsa kwakakonzera. Kana dambudziko rakagadziriswa, hakuzovi nedysbiosis! Asi iwe unobvunza-asi zvakadini nematambudziko ane chigaro, maruva akasiyana-siyana nezvimwe zviratidzo? Izvo zvinoshandiswawo here mukuongorora nyuchi? Zvechokwadi, asi kushandura mishonga yemakemikari inokonzera matambudziko mumuviri, asi kwete mhaka yavo. Hungu, pane dzimwe nguva kukosha kwechimiro che microflora kunovhiringidzika. Kune zvikonzero zvakawanda zvinotungamirira kukundikana kwakadaro: chero chirwere (kunyange kana chiri kutonhora), nokuti zvinhu zvose zvinopindirana mumuviri, hypothermia, kupisa, kudya zvisina kururama uye kunyange zuva rakazara-yezuva. Zvose izvi zvinotungamirira kuchinje muhuwandu hwepanyama hwe microflora mumuviri. Muvana vane utano mumuviri, kukanganisa kwakadaro kunopfupika. Nzvimbo yekutanga ye microflora ichadzorerwa mumaawa mashomanana, mashoma pazuva, kana iwe ukabvisa zvinotsamwisa kana zvinokuvadza.
Zvinoratidzwa sei
Dysbiosis haisi chirwere, asi chimwe chekuratidzwa kwehutachiona hwehutachiona hunooma, uye hunokonzerwa nezvikonzero zvakasiyana. Constancy yemukumbo microflora yakagadzirirwa inotungamirirwa nemusana wechirwere chemwana. Kuramba kuri kuchinja muhutano hwemurumbo wemukumbo nguva dzose hunomuka semugumisiro wekuchinja kwechirwere muzvidzivirira zvemuviri. Zvadaro muviri unotarisana nehuwandu hwayo hwe microflora uye unonyatsorega. Nokudaro, kuedza kuronga matumbo eCla nechirwere chemukati chemukati nekubatsirwa kwekugadzirira mabhakitiriya kunopa chete kubudirira kwenguva pfupi, uye hazviwanzoitiki. Zvingava zvakanaka kuziva, kuti dysbacteriosis pamagetsi ekudya hazviitiki. Kana mwana achidya mukaka waamai, uye zvinetso zvemukaka zvichiri kubuda, zvinogona kunge zvingave zvipembenene, kana kukanganisa kwechictase, kana kuti kusangana nemakore ekunze kusagona (intestinal colic). Kana nyanzvi inotaura kuti dambudziko revana vacheche rinokonzerwa nedysbacteriosis, zviri nani kutaura kune imwe nyanzvi.
Chii chisina kubatwa?
Paanosarudza pamusoro pekugona kururamisa dysbiosis, chiremba anofanira kutungamirirwa nemamiriro ekurapa. Kana zviedzo zvichibva pamitemo, uye kunyunyuta munyaya iyi mwana haaonekwe, iyi ndiyo inowanzosarudzika pamakumbo ako. Chirevo chinowanikwa, uye kukanganisa kwevana vakasiyana dzimwe nguva kungave kwakakosha, asi ichi hachisi chikonzero chemabasa ekurapa. Muzviitiko zvehutachiona hwehutachiwana mumwana, zvirwere zvinogona kuitika zvinofanira kutongwa kunze kwekutanga, uye mushure mokunge zvisingaiti, chikonzero chekupedzisira ndeche dysbiosis.
Nzira yekurapa nayo
Kana dysbacteriosis ichiri kuonekwa, gadzirira kwenguva yakareba uye yakawanda kurapwa. Zvinoshamisika kuti, mishonga yekutanga yeDysbacteriosis inorwisa mabhakitiriya. Kuti uronise hutumbu nemaruva anobatsira, unofanira kutanga kuparadza zviripo. Mukuwedzera, kurapa kuchakurudzirwa kushandisa bhakteriophage dzakasiyana - zvinhu zvinonamatira kune dzimwe mabhakitiriya emubvu uye kuzviparadza. Mukuwedzera kwavari, mapurojekiti chaiwo ekuronga maitiro anorarama "anobatsira" mabhakitiriya akagadzirirwa anorongedzerwa, izvo "zvakaipa" mabhakitiriya anenge asununguka. Vanosarudzwa pachavo. Chikamu chechipiri mushure mokubviswa kwe "micro" microbes ndiyo nzira yekugadzirisa "zvakanaka". Pano iyo ndiyo yakatora nguva yakareba: kutanga inotanga neka 7-10-day course ye prebiotics - zvinodhaka zvinoumba mamiriro akanaka munharaunda yemukumbo uye kubatsira kugadzirisa kubhakitiriya yakarurama. Mushure meizvi, kugamuchirwa kweprobiotiki - mazano anobatsira mukati mekudzivirira microflora anotanga. Kazhinji, zvakafanana ne-pre-and probiotics, maitiro e-enzyme, maitiro ezvinyorwa uye zvimwe zvinorayirwa, kureva kuti, chirwere chepachirwere chinobatwa. Mukuwedzera, chiremba achaisa chirongwa chakakosha kumwana, achigadziriswa nemiti yakagadzirisa inobatsira ma microflora - kazhinji aya ndiwo maikisi emukaka anovava uye zvokudya zvinowanikwa mune pectins uye fiber.
Pamusoro pezvibereko zvemukaka wemvere
Mukaka wepabonde chinhu chakasiyana-siyana chinoumba hutano hwakanaka hwemakumbo emumatumbo. Crumbs, kunwisa, uye "maitiro" ane zvakasiyana-siyana zve microflora. Bifidobacteria mucheche inonyanya kuvhara kukura kwemakemikari ane mikana, kuchengetedza kuumbwa kwayo panguva yakaderera. Nhamba ye lactobacilli yakakura mu "maitiro", asi ane mabhakitiriya akawanda anokwanisa kubereka mukati mehutachi. Mukuwedzera, "maitiro" haagoni kuwana kubva musanganiswa immunoglobulin A (iyo inongova mumukaka wemukaka bedzi), uye yavo pachavo haisati yave yakagadzirwa, iyo inotungamirira pakuderera kwemasimba ekuchengetedza emuviri.
Sei zvakakosha kushandisa kumabere pakutanga?
Isai mwana kumucheto nokukurumidza kana zvichibvira, mukati memaminitsi makumi matatu ekutanga mushure mokuberekwa. Kuvonga neizvi, iyo yakawanda inogona kuwana microflora yakarurama. Masayendisiti akaratidza kuti mukaka wemvere wemukadzi muvhiki yekutanga mushure mekuberekwa kunosanganisira bifidobacteria, lactobacilli, enterococci uye zvimwe zvipembenene zvinobatsira kumwana wemukati. Kana chirongwa chokutanga chichigadziriswa kwemaawa 12 kusvika ku24 mushure mekuberekwa, ipapo hafu yevana vacheche ichave neyakakosha yemaruva, kana izvi zvikaitwa kunyange gare gare, chikamu chechina chevana chinonyatsorongedza mabhakitiriya.