Kuparadzaniswa kwevanhu vane mahara neurotransmitters
Calcium ions inoshandisa vesicles (duku, membrane-yakapoteredzwa vesicles ine makemikari anopinza-neurotransmitters) emucheto wemutsipa unosvika pamusana we presynaptic uye unobatanidza nawo, kusunungura chikamu. Mamolekoro emurourotransmitter anopararira (inopinda). Mushure mokutaurirana kwe-neurotransmitter nemumwe mucherechedzo pamusana wepassynaptic membrane, inokurumidza kusunungurwa uye inowedzera yakaitika inowanikwa. Kune rumwe rutivi, zvinokwanisika kuiriparadza zvachose pasi pekuita kwema enzymes iri mu synaptic cleft, kune rumwe rutivi - reverse inowanikwa mukugumira kwe presynaptic nekuumbwa kweva vesicles matsva. Iyi nzira inoita kuti chiito chechinguvana chetachiona chemaurotransmitter chive chichigadziriswa pamusana wemuviri. Zvimwe zvinorambidzwa zvinodhaka, zvakadai secocaine, uye zvimwe zvezvinhu zvinoshandiswa mukurapa, zvinodzivirira neurotransmitter kuti irege kutorwa zvakare (mune dopamine cocaine). Panguva imwecheteyo, nguva yekuita kwechipiri pane postsynaptic membrane receptors inowedzera, iyo inokonzera simba rinokurudzira zvikuru.
Muscular activity
Mutemo wemabasa emasumbu unoitwa nemagetsi emasipiresi, anotama kubva pamutsara wepeminondo uye anopera nekubatana kweeuromuscular. Kana mushuvo unosvika, acetylcholine inosunungurwa kubva mumagariro ekuguma kweeurotransmitter. Inopinda mu-synaptic cleft uye inosungiririra kune zvinogamuchirwa zvemashuga emisungo. Izvi zvinokonzera kukonzera kwezvinoitika zvichiita kuti kuderedzwa kwemasikironi. Nokudaro, nhungamiro yepamusoro yenheyo inodzora kukanganiswa kwemamwe misungo chero nguva. Iyi nzira iri pasi pekugadzirisa kwekufamba kwakadaro kwakaoma, semuenzaniso, kufamba. Uropi hutano hwakaoma kwazvo; imwe neimwe ye-neuroni yayo inobatanidza nezviuru zvevamwe vakapararira mukati mehutano hwemagetsi. Sezvo mafungiro emagunha asingasiyana nemasimba, ruzivo rwehuropi rwakanyorwa pamusoro pechikonzero chemaitiro avo, kureva kuti, nhamba yezviito zvinogona kuitwa kubva pachipiri inokosha. Mune dzimwe nzira, iyi code inofanana neMorse code. Chimwe chezvinhu zvakaoma zvikuru izvo nhasi zvinosangana nevasayendisiti vehupfungwa dzepasi pose ndezvekuedza kunzwisisa kuti iyi nzira yakajeka yekunyora coding inoshanda sei; somuenzaniso nzira yekutsanangura manzwiro omunhu pakufa kwehama kana shamwari kana kukwanisa kukanda bhora nenzira yakarurama zvokuti anorova chinangwa kubva kure nemamita makumi maviri. Parizvino, zvinova pachena kuti ruzivo harufambidzwi zvakananga kubva kune imwe nhengo yesero kune imwe. Kusiyana neizvi, imwe neuron inogona kuona panguva imwe chete zviratidzo zvehutano kubva kune vamwe vakawanda (iyi inonzi inonzi convergence) uye inogonawo kukanganisa nhamba yakawanda yemasero emagetsi, kusiyana.
Synapses
Kune mhando miviri mikuru yemasikirasi: mune dzimwe, kushandiswa kwe-postsynaptic neuron inowanikwa, mune dzimwe - iyo inhibition (kunyanya inotsamira pamhando yerudzi runotumirwa). Iyo neuron inokonzera kushungurudzika kwepfungwa kana nhamba yekukurudzira inokurudzira kunodarika nhamba yezvinyorwa zvinopesana.
Simba re synapses
Nyeononi imwe neimwe inogamuchira zvakawanda zvezvose zvinonakidza uye zvisingabatsiri. Panguva imwecheteyo, rimwe nerimwe rinopindirana rine zvakanyanya kana kuti zvishoma kuderedza kuitika kwekuitika kwechiito chinogona kuitwa.S synapses ine simba guru pane dzimwe nguva inowanika pedyo nenharaunda yehutachiona hwemutsipa mumuviri wesero renerve.