Miti yacho ine maruva e-axillary, makumbo acho akareba. I-corollas yemaruva yakakura, yakafanana nehombodo, iyo yakatumidzwa bhendi shanu-yebhedhi, yakazara yevhev. Mhando yemaruva yakakomberedza, tubular ine 5 lobules. Mune genus Sinningia anenge makumi maviri emarudzi emiti. Iyo inowanzoonekwa munzvimbo dzakanyanyisa dzeSouth America, kazhinji munzvimbo dzeBrazil.
Zvimwe zvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinokonzera gloxinium yakakodzera, senhengo, pedyo nemiti yejenasi Sinningia. Gloxinium haina tubers. Izvi zvinomera zvinogona kuwanikwa kakawanda kupfuura syningia. Mune jenesi yemuti uyu kune zvimhando zvitanhatu chete. Zvipfeko zvinowanikwa muchezasi kweAmerica munzvimbo dzinotyisa. Mumiro yakarimwa, yega mhuka inonzi G. Perennis inozivikanwa .
Urongwa: zvinetso
Panharaunda yeBrazil, chimiro chisina kujairika chakawanikwa. Pasi paro pakanga pane scaly rhizome, uye maruva akaita sechero. Izvi zvakaitika muna 1785. Uyu muti wakanga uri wekutanga wenzvimbo itsva. Yakagamuchira zita rokuti Gloksinia mavara. Iri zita rakapiwa kumutiro mukuremekedzwa kweStrasbourg nyanzvi yezvisikwa Gloksin BP
Mumakore ekutanga ezana remakore rechi20, simiti yakaunzwa kubva kunzvimbo dzakatonhora dzeAmerica, iyo yakaita sevamiririri vejenus gloxinia, asi yakasiyana pakuti yakanga ine tuber. Asi chimiro cherava uye chimiro chayo chakanga chakafanana mumiti, iyo yakaita kuti zviitike kuti zvive nejasi rimwe chete. Iyi mhuka yainzi gloxinium yakanaka. Inobva kwaari, semugumisiro wekukura kwekukura kwenguva yakawanda, marudzi akawanda emarudzi akasiyana-siyana ezvino gloxins akawanikwa, kwatinojaira pahwindo redu. Vane mavara anoshamisa uye maumbirwo emaruva. Kukura kwavo muvamiririri vemarudzi matsva e-gloxinia akanaka kwakawedzera kanenge katatu, kana uchivaenzanisa nemaruva emufambi wemubereki.
Asi mabhodaniti haana kugadzirisa asinganetseki. Muna 1925, mamwe maitiro emichero akarondedzerwa, ndeyemhuri inonzi gloxinia, kune Gesneria. Mukufananidza, chinhu chakasiyana chaive chaivapo kwehutachi, uye chakasiyanawo nehutambo hweruva. Nhengo itsva iyi yakatumidzwa zita re V. Sinning, uyo aiva murimi paBotanical Garden paYunivhesiti yeBonn.
Kare gare gare, vashandi vemazamu vakaramba vachifunga kuti zvaizova zvakanaka kuronga gloxinia seyakanakisisa kune gira re syning mbeu, sezvo zviratidzo zvose nemitemo yezvitsva zvinoratidza izvi. Asi panguva ino gloxinia vatova varimi vemizambiringa uye vanoda vemaruva omukati vaine nguva yekudzidza nekudanana, uye zita rekare rokuti "gloxinium" rakadzika midzi mumunda. MuchiGermany, shoko rokuti Glocke rinoshandurwa se "bell", uye florets mu gloxinia zvinorangaridza mabhero, saka vanyori vangave vakaoma kupokana nekururamisa kwezita remiti yejenus gloxinia.
Mune mabhuku anokosha simiti inonzi gloxinia hybrid kana gloxinium yakanaka, zvisinei, kodzero yekuzvarwa kwayo ndeyemhando ye syningia yakanaka. Zvakarurama - chiratidzo chinonakidza - munhu wese anoziva rakanakisisa gloxinia yakanaka inonzi chete muzvinyorwa zve botanical.
Gloxinium plants: kutarisira
Iyi mapapiro eimba anoda chiedza, asi iyo yakapararira. Zviri nani kuisa hove navo kumabvazuva kana kumavirazuva mahwindo. Kune rumwe rutivi rwamaodzanyemba, michero yacho yakasarudzwa kubva kumahwindo, kuitira kuti pasina chiedza chakajeka kubva kune zuva. Kubvira kubva munaFebruary kusvikira muna May mazuva emiti yacho inogona kuchengetedzwa muchiedza.
Gloxinia - mbeu dzinoda kupisa. Havana kubvumira kusvetuka kwekushisa uye zvinyorwa. Zvirimwa zvinopindura zvakanaka nekushanda kwehutano. Usiku hunofanira kunge huri mamiriyoni gumi nemasere, uye masikati - anenge makumi maviri nematanhatu. Kana nguva yekuzorora ichisvika, mbeu dzinoda kutonhora kwe10 kana 14 degrees.
Apo nguva yekukura inotanga, inofanira kunwisa mvura zhinji, iyo yakakwanisa kugadzirisa. Kudiridzazve kunofanirwa kuitika apo nzvimbo dzakakwirira dzepasi dzakaoma. Icho kutonhora kwemvura kunobva pakukura kwemiti nekukura kwavo. Mumwedzi yechando, inofanira kuva inodziya (inenge 22 degrees), panguva iyo haifaniri kuparadzira gloxinia. Kana pane nguva yekuzorora, kudiridza zvirimwa hazvifaniri kunge zvisingawanzoitiki.
Munguva yezvokudya zve gloxinia (syningia), kuwedzera kwemweya wemhepo kunodiwa, hazviregi kubvumira ingress yemvura pamaruva nemashizha. Ndicho chikonzero mhepo inobva kune sprayer inoshandiswa chete kumativi ose mumiti pachayo. Iwe unogona kuisa mubhodhi pavhu rakaoma kana matombo. Pasi haifaniri kusvika pamvura.
Apo mbeu inosvika pazera remakore mana, inogona kuramba yakareba uye yakawanda ichikura: kubva munaMay kusvika kuSeptember. Munguva ino chimiro chinopa mazana emaruva akanaka, kazhinji panguva imwechete, inomera maruva 15. Kuti nguva iyi igare kwenguva yakareba, zvakakosha kubvisa mavara mavara.
Mukutaurirana, nguva yekuzorora inonyatsoziviswa. Mushure mokunge mbeu yacho yapera, inwa mvura shoma. Apo mashizha anopera, tubrasi inosara yakadzika muvhu, asi kutonhora kwekuvhuvhu nechando hakufaniri kukwira kudarika madigiri 14. Dzimwe nguva unofanirwa kuongorora tubers yemuti. Kana vakanyunguduka zvakasimba, saka vanofanira kunwa mvura, asi kwete kazhinji. Kana chimiro chacho chagadzirirwa kudyarwa muimba, chiratidzo chokutanga chokugadzirira kudyara ndicho chitarisiko cheeitsvo pamatera. Kubva munaJanuary kusvikira munaFebruary, iyo tubers inofanira kuve yakavezwa uye inodyarwa zvakare, mushure mokunge yatsveneswa, kupinda munyika yakagadzirirwa. Poto inofanira kuva, inenge, 13-centimita. Mvura yakadzika inofanira kuve yakadaro kuitira kuti itsvo dzive dzakafukidzwa necentimeter yepasi, iyo inofanira kusanganisira nyika ine mashizha, peat - muchikamu, jecha - hafu pasi. Mushure mekudyara ivhu racho rinonwisa, kuiswa muchiedza, kutonhora kunofanira kunge kune 20 g.
Nhamba ye tubers inobva pahukuru hwei tubers. Mumamiriro ezvinhu epakamuri zviri nani kusiya mapepa maviri kana imwe, yakanyanyogadzirwa. Dyyisa chirairo chinofanira kutanga kubva mumazuva okutanga eApril. Kupfeka kwepamusoro kunoitwa kusvikira muna August. Fertilizers inofanira kuva ne potassium, phosphorus, imwe nitrogen. Iwe unogona kunwisa simiti uye zvakasikwa, somuenzaniso, kucheneswa kwemuviri wemvura uye mullein. Asi nitrogen inogona kutungamirira pakuumbwa kwemaruva maduku uye mashizha akashata, izvi hazvina kunaka nokuda kwechimiro chemuti.
Synning (gloxinia) inogona kuparadzirwa nembeu, pamwe chete nemashizha emichero. Kufananidza kunoparidzirwa chete nekubatsira kwezvirimwa. Miti yacho inowanzokundwa neanguruve mite, whitefly uye scutellum. Kazhinji chimiro chinotambura nekupinda kweealybug.