Zvisinei, kudyara muhari iyo inofadza nemichero yakawanda uye misi yakajeka, inoda kubatsira mune izvi. Kune michero yomukati inokura muhari, chimwe chezvinhu zvakakoshesa zvakanyanya zvekubudirira kubudirira ndekuwana michero. Nokudaro, menoji yemaruva omukati, mbeu inofanira kuunzwa munguva uye mumutengo wakakwana. Pasina ivo simiti haigoni kubuda, mashizha nemashizha zvichave akajeka, zvinowanzovhara nekukura zvakanaka. Kuti kudzivisa izvi zvirege kuitika, nzira yekuiswa kwemamineral fertilizer inofanira kuva chinhu chinowanzoitika.
Kubwinya kwepamusoro kwekunze
Mushonga wese wemiti yemukati inoparadzaniswa kuva mhando dzakasiyana-siyana: mineral, organic, pamwe uye mabhakitiriya. Iyo mineral dressing group inomiririrwa zvikurukuru nemishonga yakagadzirwa, kusanganisira zvinhu zvakadai se nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, boron nezvimwe zvakawanda. Asi zvinoshandiswa ndezvokuti zvinokanganisa uswa uye asidi yevhu. Uyewo haikwanise kupa uturu hwose hwezvibereko kumunda. Organic fertilizer inosanganisira zvibereko zvebasa rinokosha zvemhuka nemiti. Muchirevo chakareruka, iyo sapropel, manyowa, peat, madonhi emarudzi, compost uye vamwe. Dambudziko rega roga nderokuti nekuda kwekunhuhwirira kunofadza kwavari kuoma kushandisa kumba. Kusvika munyaya iyi kunogona kungoita horny shavings kana kupfuwa. Mabhakitiriya fertilizer anoonekwa sehukama, asi anoshandiswa kunyanya munzvimbo dzakawanda. Uye pamusha, kushandiswa kwavo kunonetsa zvikuru.
Iyo inokoshawo mumhando ipi, yakasimba kana yakasviba, fertilizer inoshandiswa kumaruva omukati nemiti. Vazhinji vakura vanosarudza mvura inoshandiswa mvura , sezvo iri nyore kwazvo kushandisa. Zvakakwana kuwedzera mvura, kusanganisa uye kudururira musanganiswa unogadzirwa nemuti. Izvo zvinowanikwa nenzira iyi ndeyokuti chimiro chinokurumidza kugamuchira zvinhu zvinodiwa uye pakarepo chinozvitora. Pashoma nguva shoma yekutsvaga. Iine hutano hwakasimba hunooma zvakaoma, asi zvikomborero zvakanyanya. Kunyange zvazvo inodyiwa kwenguva yakareba, iyo inotevera inosanganisa inofanira kuitwa mushure mevhiki masere. Kwete kureva chokwadi chokuti zvakaoma zvikuru kukuvadza muti.
Asi kwete maruva ose ari mukati, fertilizer plants zvakafanana. Kune vamwe, maitiro akasiyana anodiwa. Semuenzaniso, azalea inokura muividc ivhu, saka kudya kunofanira kuva mune zvimwe zvikamu zve nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus uye zvakakodzera trace elements. Uye simiti yakadaro se epiphytic bromelia inokodzera bedzi yemuriwo wemvura, iyo isina midzi - inodzivisa kuputika kweperesi. Sezvo inotora mishonga nemvura nemashizha. Muzvizhinji, musati madyisa simiti, tsvagai: zvirokwazvo mbeu inosangana naye.
Mumwe mutemo mune izvi haufaniri kuupfuura. Nguva dzose zviri nani kudarika kudarika kudarika. Kuwandisa kwezvibereko kunogona kutungamirira kune chokwadi chokuti chimiro chichafukidzwa nemavara, kurasikirwa mashizha kana kuoma zvachose. Mune shoko, nepamusoro kupfeka iwe unofanirwa kuchenjerera. Vadzidzisei kubva muchero kusvika pakuvhuvhuta - panguva yekukura kwekushanda nekukura kwemhuka dzemhuka, muhuwandu hunoda uye pamwe nekurudzirwa periodicity.
Kushayikwa kwemamwe macro-uye macroelements, kufanana nekuwanda kwavo, kunogona kutungamirira kumigumisiro yakaipisisa, sezvo chero zvakadaro zvinokonzera zvimwe kuchinja mukugadzirwa kwemuti. Iko huru yehutachiwana chimwe chinhu hachikwanise kubhadhara kusakosha kweimwe. Uye kunyange pane zvinopesana, ikonzera kusaita zvakanaka. Kunyanya kuipa, kana nekuda kwekuwandisa kwechimwe chikamu, imwe yacho haina kunyanya kuwedzerwa. Uye kuisa kuongororwa kwakarurama kwekushaikwa kweizvi kana icho icho chiri chakaoma. Kutanga, nokuti kupererwa kwevamwe vavo kune zviratidzo zvakafanana. Saka, kukwana kwesimbi, magnesium uye nitrogen inoratidzwa muhuzha hwemashizha. Chechipiri, usaona kutyora kwekudya kunovaka muviri kunogona kuitika nekuda kwezvimwe zvinhu kana kuti hutano hwemuti. Semuenzaniso, kukundwa kwemapapiro ake akapfava kunotungamirira kumigumisiro yakafanana nekushayikwa kwe calcium muvhu.
Kuumbwa kwemumanyorera yezvirimwa zvemukati
Mazuva ano haisi dambudziko kusarudza kusanganiswa kwakakodzera kwema fertilizer kumiti yemuviri. Ichokwadi, pane izvi unoda kunyatsodzidza zvinhu zviri mukati mazvo. Iyo inogadzirwa nemumanyorera, sekutonga, inosanganisira zvitatu zvakakosha zvakakosha pakukura nekuvandudza kwemaitiro: nitrogen, phosphorus uye potasium mune zvakakwana. Uye mune micheka yakanaka kwazvo yepamusoro inokoshawo micronutrients.
Nokudaro, nitrogen inotora chikamu muhutano hweprotini - hwaro hwechinhu chinorarama, uye chikamu chechikamu (chlorophyll), iyo inotora basa rinokosha mumapikichaynthesis emiti. Izvi zvinoda kunyanya mumashizha. Kubva pakushaiwa kwayo vanova vhuzha rakasvibirira, vobva vashanduka, vachirega kukura uye vachikura vaduku. Kuwedzerwa kwe nitrojeni kunotungamirira kumeso akanaka, makuru, masikati machena, asi kusavapo kwemaruva uye fruiting. Uye kana inotapira kubva pakuwanda kwayo ganda rinotanga, rinoputika, uye izvi zvinogona kutotungamirira kurufu rwavo. Ichi chikamu chiri mune nitrogenous mineral (ammonium nitrate) kana organic (manyore, slurry) fertilizer.
Phosphorus inokoshawo mumiti yekudya. Nekubatsira kwayo, masimba emagetsi anowanikwa mumasero emhuka. Kushayikwa kwephosphorus kunosanganisa zvikuru mashizha, ayo anotanga kuva mashizha matema ane bluish tinge. Uye ipapo pavari vanoita marara kana tsvuku-violet tsvina. Kukundwa kunotanga nemashizha akare pasi uye zvishoma nezvishoma zvinotora mbeu yose. Panguva imwecheteyo, kukura kwemafuro uye kukurudzirwa kwemukati midzi kunonoka, mashizha matsva anoguma kuumba, uye maruva anonoka. Kuwedzerwa kwephosphorus kunonyanya kushoma. Asi kana izvi zvikaitika, izvi zvakare zvinokanganisa mashizha: mesyltic chlorosis inowanikwa apo maduku maduku anowanikwa pamashizha emashizha pakati pemakwenzi. Kana zvakakodzera kudyara mbeu ne phosphorus superphosphate, fosphorite ufa uye nezvimwe zvinoshandiswa.
Chimiro chacho charega kuputika kana kuti panzvimbo yekunaka maruva akanaka chimwe chinhu chisingaoneki uye chakashama chakaonekwa, izvo zvinoreva kuti haina potasium . Nokuda kwechikonzero ichocho, tanga kuvhara pakutanga, uye ugowa pamashizha. Sezvo kushaya potassium mumasero ndiko kuunganidza ammonia, uye iyo inotungamirira kurufu rwemashupu. Chiratidzo chakajeka chokushaya nzara ye potassium inokurumidza kunonoka mukukura kwemiti, uyewo muganhu wekuyera pamativi ose emashizha. Uyezve, kushaya potassium kunoita kuti mbeu dzive pangozi yezvirwere zvinokonzera fungal. Panewo mungozi muhuwandu hwehuwandu hwehutachiona: kubatwa kwe calcium, magnesium, zinc uye zvimwe zvikamu zvakaoma. Potassium mineral fertilizer inosanganisira potassium chloride, potassium sulfate.
Dzimwe nguva kunyange neine fertilizer yakakodzera, maruva emukati achiri kutarisa zvakaipa. Muchiitiko ichi, zvakakosha kufunga nezvekuiswa kwe microelements muvhu, iyo mumadhani maduku anopa maitiro akanaka.
Kushaikwa kwe calcium muzvokudya kunounza kukura kusina simba kwemidzi, mazano emaronda uye kufa kwemajaya maduku, uyewo varombo kufanana nezvinhu zvakadai se nitrogen, potasium uye magnesium. Zvinonyanya kukosha kuti cacti ive yakakura kana yakawanda. Kusina sarufa kunobatawo kukura uye kukura kwezvirimwa, asi mashizha chete anotambura zvikuru nekushaikwa kwawo. Zvishoma nezvishoma zvinotendeuka, asi hazviiti. Iron ine nzara, kutanga kwezvose, inobata mavara mashoma. Pakutanga, vanoumba mesyltic chlorosis, uye ipapo rose bhinzi ndiro rinova chena. Chimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kukosha kune zvinomera ndeye manganese . Inotora basa guru mumifananidzoynthesis nekupema kufema. Nokudaro, kusakosha kwayo kwevhu kunobata kukanganisa kwemamiriro ose emiti, uye mashizha kunyanya. Zviratidzo zvekushaya nzara zvakafanana zvikuru nekushaiwa kwesimbi, uye misiyano bedzi kuva iyo mashizha emashizha anoramba achiita ruvara apo mamwe ose anotsanangurwa. Kushaya kweZinc kunogona kungowanikwa muvhu rakaoma. Kubva apa, mashizha emuti wacho anotanga kuchinja uye kuonekwa, uye mumvuri wendarira unowanikwa mumuvara wavo. Uye ivo pachavo vanova vaduku uye vane mafuta. Stamens inosanganiswawo. Nekushaiwa kwemagesium , kubudirira uye kutumbuka kwemiti kunonoka. Chiratidzo chokutanga chokutsanya chimiro chee mezzhilkovogo chlorosis, uye mashizha acho anowana ruvara, machungwa, ruvara rwepepuru kana ruvara rwepepuru. Vanobhururuka ndokufa. Kushaya kwemhangura muvhu kunowanikwa nekuwandisa kwephosphorus fertilizer. Iyi microelement inowedzera kushorwa kwechirimwa kune zvirwere zvinokonzera fungal, inobatanidzwa mu photosynthesis nekufema. Pakushaikwa kwayo, mashizha akaoma uye anopera, uye ipapo maruva ose anofa. Nzara yekuzvarwa inobata zvikuru zvikamu zviduku zvemuti. Kubva pakushaiwa kwayo vanoora uye vanofa, mashizha anova mavara, akaomeswa uye anofa, zvigadziri zvinyorova, uye maruva anoputika anowira.
Fertilizer rules:
- Iwe unofanirwa kuunza mune imwe nzvimbo ye fertilizing! Inowanzoratidzwa munyaya dzekukurisa maruva. Uye regai zvive zviri nani kudarika manyowa, kunyanya.
- Hazvikurudzirwi kupa varwere vasina kukwaniswa kana kuti vari kuzorora.
- Maruva anogamuchira chiedza chiduku, anoda kuderedzwa kashoma, sezvo asingashandisi mishonga yakazara, uye ivhu richaparadzwa pasina.
- Usasvina michero mumamiriro okunze ekupisa, usapedza kuwana mhinduro kana kusanganiswa pamashizha nematemu (kunze kwezviitiko zvekudya kwemafuro).
- Kuti inamere mbeu dzakashungurudzika kune marashi (orchids, ferns, etc.), uye maruva maduku anoshandisa mhinduro yekushaya simba.
- Mune nguva dzakasiyana dzekukura, mbeu dzinoda manyowa nemuwandu weizvi kana icho chikamu. Saka, pakutanga kwezvinomera - nitrogen inowanikwa. Uye munguva yekudyara nekukura kwemafuro - phosphorus uye potassium.
- Iko nguva yakawanda iyo inoshandiswa nayo manyowa inogona kusiyana kubva 1 nguva pavhiki kusvika 1 nguva pamwedzi. Izvo zvinoenderana nemwaka wegore, rudzi uye ukuru hwemuti, chikafu chacho chekudya, chiyero uye kuumbwa kwe substrate. Mumwaka wechando, kamwe chete pamwedzi, chete maruva asingasviki miriwo asina nguva yekuzorora inogadzirwa. Mumazuva ekukura maruva akadaro anodyiswa, sekutonga, kaviri pamwedzi, kukura nokukurumidza - kamwe kamwe pavhiki, nekukura zvishoma-kamwe kamwe pamwedzi.
- Usakanganwa kuti kwemaawa maviri kusvika kwemaviri usati washandisa fertilizer, mbeu yevhu inofanira kunge yakanyoroveswa nemvura.
- Basa rehutano harifaniri kutarisirwa. Asi usati waita izvi, tarisa pamuti. Kutunga mapiritsi emumba, mbeu, yeuka mutemo mukuru - zvose zvinofanira kuremekedzwa!