Mumhuri yeC cacti unogona kuwana jenje rakadaro saEpiphyllum. Yakawanikwa muna 1812, nokuti zita rechiGiriki rakashandiswa, iro rinoshandurwa rinoreva "pa" kana "pamusoro" uye "mashizha", uye Adrian Havort akazviita. Nokudaro, yakasimbiswa kuti pamashizha emiti iyi mune maruva anofadza. Kunyange zvazvo iri, chaizvoizvo, kwete maruva, asi matanho akachinja.
Mune mhando ye epiphyllums, unogona kuverenga mbeu dzinosvika makumi maviri dzesango dzakapararira mukati mezhinji rweAmerica, kubva kuMexico kuenda kunzvimbo dzinopisa. Iyo inowanzoita semiti-shrubs, ine chitubu chinokambaira uye chine nyama dzine nyama, ine chimiro chebhizha; nechepamusoro pamashizha nemashizha. Mumahombekombe emapuranga anooneka zviyero zviduku-iyi ndiyo masava emangwana. Maruva emiti iyi yakakura, ane chimiro chengoro, ine ruvara rwehuta refu; iyo inonhuwira yemaruva yakasimba chaizvo.
Epiphyllum ine dzakasiyana-siyana zvakasiyana-siyana muvara: kubva kuchena kwakachena uye kamukira, kusvika kumashizha emicheka uye matsvuku; asi havana michero yebhuruu. Maruva emuti uyu akanaka kwazvo zvokuti akautumidza kuti orchid pakati peC cacti.
Apo paunenge uchikura mumba, kunyange kana kupisa kwemafuro kwepamusoro, muti unogona kuva nezvibereko zvakawanda. Zvibereko zvine ruvara rwepepuru kana ruvara rwehuzha rwehuzha, zvinoenderana nemaruva pachawo; kazhinji chibereko chacho chakafukidzwa nemapesa. Nyama inofadza uye yakasimba, asi inonaka inenge yakafanana nesanganiswa yeinanfle uye strawberries.
Iko kune mazana maviri ma hybrids e epiphyllums, anonzi nenzira inonzi "phylocactuses". Izvozvo cacti zvakakodzerwa zvakanakisisa zvekushongedza sezvipikiso zvemamera.
Kutarisira kwemuti
Lighting. Houseplants epiphyllum vanoda chiedza chakajeka uye chakapararira, kunyange zvazvo penumbra kwavari isiri chipingamupinyi. Asi nekushaiwa kwechiedza, kukura kunogona kuderera kana tsvina inogona kuchinja. Dzinokura zvakanaka kumativi ekumadokero uye kumabvazuva, nepo kurutivi rwokumusoro ruchando rusingasimbisi, uye kumaodzanyemba mumvuri wezuva. Muzhizha, zvinokurudzirwa kuratidzira epiphyllum mweya mutsva, nzvimbo umo kune chiedza chakawanda, asi hapana zuva rakananga.
Kupisa kwehutongi. Kana tichitaura nezvekushisa, kubva kubva mutsime kusvikira pakupedzisira kwezhizha vanosarudza kutonhora kwe + 20-25C. Uye kune imwe nguva yose, kutonhora kunoderedzwa kusvika 10-15 ° C.
Kunwisa. Miti ye epiphyllum inowanzonzi cacti yemasango ane mvura, saka inoda mvura zhinji yekudiridza; Zvakakosha kuchengetedza ivhu nguva dzose inonwisa mvura, i.e. mvura, nokukurumidza apo denga rakakwirira rakaoma. Izvo zvinodiwa kushandisa mvura inonono uye inodziya. Mukati yechando-munguva yechando, kunwisa kunoderedzwa zvishomanana, kunwa mvura, apo kwete chete iyo yakakwirira yakasvava, asi pasi rose. Kana iyo yechando ichipisa, saka simiti haina mvura zvachose. Mukutanga kwegore, kudiridza kunodzokorora zvakare kuenzanisa, uye kana bhuti rava kutodiridza zvakawanda.
Humidity of air. Zvimwe zvinoda kuti mhepo isvike, simiti hairatidzi, asi inosarudza kunaya kwehupamhi. Uye muzhizha, mumamiriro okunze anopisa, zvingava zvakanaka kupfira mbeu idzi dzemvura nemvura.
Top dressing. Mumazuva echando uye zhizha, mushonga unofanirwa kuwedzerwa muhari ne epiphyllum, izvi zvinoitwa kaviri pamwedzi; yakakodzera kukanganisa cactus fertilizer. Kana buds ichisvika, unogona kuwedzera Mullein nekuikanganisa nemvura muchiyero che1: 4, maererano. Painoyerera uye kusvikira pakupera kwaAgust, mhuka inogona kudyarwa kwevhiki mbiri. Kana zvichidiwa, mullein dzimwe nguva inogona kuchinjwa ne nitrogen fertilizer.
Flowering. Pakupera kwechando, muti unotanga kukura, buds inotanga kuiswa. Munguva iyi, hazvidikanwe kugadzirisa zvakare chimiro kune imwe nzvimbo, kana zvisina kudaro inogona kuisa dambudziko.
Mucherechedzo we epiphyllum anotanga kunyanya mukati megore, kusvika munaEpril. Duva rega rega pamiti rinotora mazuva mashanu. Munguva iyi, chimiro chinoda kudiridza nguva dzose, kufunganya, hachibvumirwi kupopera. Kana mamiriro acho akasununguka, saka simiti inogona zvakare kubhururuka muvhu.
Duva riri pfuti rinoumbwa kamwe chete, saka, mumakore mashomanana ose mashizha ekare anofanira kubviswa, sezvo pasina maruva pavari. Mukuwedzera, chimiro dzimwe nguva ine hutatu huchizadza, ivo zvakare zviri nani kubvisa, nekuda kwekuti ivo, zvakare, inenge isingaiti.
Transplantation. Kana zvakakosha kudyara muti, saka zvinodikanwa kuita izvi mushure mokupenya. Gore roga roga, izvi hazvidiwi, nokuti mamiriro akavharirira muhari inoita kuti maruva epiphyllum awedzere. Unhu hwakanaka hwakapetwa uye hwakafara, nokuti iyo midzi inenge isiri kusimbiswa. Nokuti nyika inoshandisa musanganiswa webhizha uye tsvina yevhu, kuwedzera jecha nemarasha, izvo zvisati zvapwanyika. Mashizha enyika anotoda zvikamu zvina, zvakasara zvinoshandiswa mune chimwe chinhu. Kunyange zvazvo zvichibvira kushandiswa kugadzirira kusanganiswa kubva muchitoro, izvo zvakakodzera cacti; iyo inofadza kuti musanganiswa uripo mune dzakawanda peat. Iyo asiri yevhu haifaniri kuva yakasimba, uye rime inofanira kunge isipo zvachose. Usati wasvitsa, muti wacho haufaniri kunwa mvura kwemazuva maviri, uye panguva yekufambisa ivhu ivhu rinobva pamidzi richawira zvakanaka. Mushure mokunge tashandura, simiti inofanira kuiswa mumumvuri uye kunwisa uye nekuchenjerera.
Kubereka. Epiphyllum - mbeu, kubereka kunogona kuitwa nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana - nembeu nemichero (izvi zvinoitwa mumakore ekupedzisira), zvinokwanisika kuparadzanisa zviyero zvekare panguva yekupemha.
Kana iwe ukadyara mbeu dze epiphyllum, ipapo mune imwe nyaya duku cacti nemashizha uye mazhinji emipesa ichauya kumusoro. Nokufamba kwemazuva, mashizha achabva apera, mhinzwa ichanyangarika uye shina ichava mashizha. Iyo inotonhorera inokodzera mbeu kumera is + 20-25C. Kana mamiriro ekukura akanaka kwavari, ipapo muchero muduku uchapa maruva zvechina-yechishanu gore.
Kana iwe uchida kuparadzira nekucheka, zvino kubva pakubhururuka kwakapetwa, kutema tsanga 12 cm kureba, uye hwaro hunofanira kuve hwakarongedzwa nenzira yekatatu, ndokuomeswa nekudyarwa muhari. Zvinotarisirwa kuumisa nenzira inotevera: tsinde inogadziriswa mumutsetse kwemazuva mazhinji, kubvisa jisi, uye mushure mokunge inogona kudyarwa. Nyika inosanganiswa yakagadzirirwa kubva pamagetsi uye pasi, imwe uye zvikamu zviviri zvichienderana nekuwedzera kwe 0.25 chikamu chejecha. Pamusoro pekusanganiswa kunokosha kusasa jecha rakashambidzwa. Cuttings akacheka kusvika pakadzika 1 cm ndokuisa mumumvuri. Mukati pezuva rimwe rakagadzikana haigoni kunwisa. Mushure mekucheka kune midzi, zvakakosha kuzvidyara muhope duku.
Zvinetso zvinogona kuitika
- Kana ivhu richiputika muhari, midzi inogona kutanga kuora, kunyanya kana chimiro chichikwira mumhepo inotonhora.
- Kana mbeu yacho yakadyarwa kunze, slugs inogona kuonekwa.
- Uyezve, simiti inogona kutapukirwa nehutachiona, somuenzaniso, fusarium. Kubva pane izvi pamuti unenge wakaita mhete, yakaiswa mavara, iyo inowedzera muhukuru.
- Inogona kurwiswa nenguruve mite, aphids, scabbard kana mealybug.