Benign neoplasm
Kuchengetedza neoplasms yemakumbo anonzi mammary inosanganisira fibroadenomas, cysts uye masumbu. Fibroadenoma - chirwere chinoshandiswa nehutachiona uye chinogadzirisa mishonga. Kazhinji haina kurwadza, asi chirwere chinorwadza chinogona kuitika kana kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwehutachiwana muhutachi. Fibroadenomas inogona kuva isina imwe uye yakawanda. Iyo inofamba mukati mechifuva chechifuva, yakanyorova uye yakasununguka kune iyo inobata. Tsanga dzezamu dzinogona kuva dzisina kana dzakawanda, dzakaoma kana dzakanaka kumubata; kazhinji zvinowanzoitika zvisingatauriki, asi zvinogona kuva zvinorwadza. Kushushikana kwemafupa emakumbo kune hutachiona hunoshungurudza hutsva hwakazara ne pus; pamwe chete nekutambudzika kwakanyanya.
Chirwere chepabonde
Zvirwere zvinouraya zvipembenene zvinowanzotyisa kusvika kumubata, zvine chimiro chisina kumira uye hachina kushambadzira kupfuura fibroadenomas. Kazhinji hazvina maturo. Mahwindo nemaronda zvinogona kuonekwa pachiganda chiri pedyo. Axillary lymph nodes, sekutonga, yakawedzerwa, pane dzimwe nguva kune mavara kubva muko. Kana kuisa mutsara kune dzimwe nhengo, zviratidzo zvakadai sekurwadziwa kwepfungwa, misoro, dyspnea uye ascites zvinoitika.
Benign tumors
Kubudirira kwemammary gland fibroadenoma kunogona kusanganiswa nehomoni yezvinhu. Ngarava dzinowanzoitika mumadzimai asingaverengeki, pamwe nekuputsa kwekuenda kumwedzi. Mafupa emvere anowanzobatanidzwa nehutachiona nehutachiona Staphylococcus aureus (Staphylococcus aureus).
Chirwere chepabonde
Zviitiko zvakabatanidzwa nehuwandu hwehutano hwekudzidzira kenza yemvere dzinosanganisira: nhaka yekugara. Zvinotendwa kuti mu10% yezviitiko, kenza yemazamu inokonzerwa nemajini. Parizvino, semuenzaniso, inozivikanwa kuti BRCA 1 geni rinokonzera 30% yematambudziko epabonde emucheche kuvakadzi vasati vashanu; matambudziko epakutanga emukenza wepamuviri we mavha mavari, chibereko chemuviri kana mamhedzana; kutanga kumwedzi; yekutanga yekuvhara kwepanguva yakazara kune makore makumi matatu; kutora mishonga yekurapa kwehomoni - pamwe chete nekuwedzera zvishoma mumungozi, iyo inopera mushure mokuguma kwekugamuchira kwavo; hormone replacement therapy (HRT) (kusarudzwa kweeserrogens mushure mokutanga kwekumera kwemwedzi) kwemakore anopfuura gumi - inowedzera dambudziko rekudzivirira kenza yepamu ne50%; kuwandisa kwevakadzi mukati mekupera kwemwedzi; kusvuta kwemakore anopfuura makumi matatu; chirwere chemazuva ano cheHodgkin's disease - ava vakadzi vari pangozi yakakura.
Benign neoplasm
Fibroadenomas inowanzoonekwa kune vasikana nevasikana vaduku vasati vava nemakore makumi matatu. Zvinyorwa zvemammary glands zvinowanzoonekwa kune vakadzi 40-50 yemakore. Kushushikana kwemuzamu kunonyanya kuwanikwa muvakadzi vanoyamwisa.
Chirwere chepabonde
Chirwere chepabonde chinotanga nzvimbo yekutanga mumararamiro evakadzi. Hazviwanzoitiki kuvasikana vaduku, asi huwandu hwayo hunowedzera zvishoma nezvishoma nemakore. Kana mukadzi ane chirwere chepamuviri, kunyatsoongorora kunokosha kuti uone maitiro ehutano hwehutano. Chirongwa chekuongorora chinosanganisira ultrasound, mammography uye chido chinoputika, mune imwe samuenzaniso yechipfuva yakatorwa shandisa sarudzo yakakosha yekuongorora kukurukura.
Tsamba dzezamu
Mvura inoshuva inobva ku cyst inoongororwawo pasi pema microscope. Bhiopsy yokuvhiya inogona kudikanwa kuti iite tsanangudzo yekujekesa.
Kuongorora
Mammography inogona kuona kenza yemazamu panguva yekutanga, ine tumarara yakakura ye 1 mm muhupamhi, isati yatanga kugadziriswa palpation (kubva 1 cm muupamhi). Mammography ndiyo inonyanya kudzidzisa kuvakadzi vakwegura vane uwandu hwepasi hwezvinyama. Mammography inokurudzirwa kumadzimai ose anopfuura makore makumi mana nemakore maviri chete. Varwere vane chirwere chechirwere chinokonzera chirwere chinofanira kuongororwa zvakare. Nenhoroondo yakaremara yemhuri yekenza yebonde, mammography inogona kunyorwa mushure memakore makumi mana. Zvichienderana nehutachiona hwechirwere, chirwere chinopurirwa, rayation kana chemotherapy inorayirwa. Kune marudzi akasiyana-siyana eine bhondi neoplasms, pane mitemo yakasiyana-siyana yekurapwa:
- Fibroadenoma
Kana bundu racho richiwedzera muhukuru kana kuti rinokonzera kushushikana, rinokonzerwa chirwere.
- Cysts
Vanokwanisa kazhinji kubviswa nekutora. Nekudzoka zvakare, kushandiswa kwekugadzirira kwe cyst kunogona.
- Kusuruvara
Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kushandiswa kunobudirira kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, yakadai sepenicillin mutsara, asi kazhinji inoda kuvhura uye kudira kwemvura. Kurapa kunosanganisira kubvisa tumarara, pamwe nekudzivirira kudzokazve uye metastasis. Kana chironda chacho chiri chirongwa chestrogen, chinokosha zvikuru kuti chiyero cheestrogen chinoderedzwa nemishonga kana nekuvhiyiwa.
Mushonga wokuvhiya
Zvisarudzo zvekurapwa zvinosanganisira kusvibiswa kwemuviri, kusarura kana kukwana zvakakwana kwemammary gland (mastectomy). Uyezve, lymph node axillary inowanzofarirwa kudzivirira mastasis. Ovarian removal (oophorectomy) inokurudzirwa kuti kuderedze kugadzirwa kwe estrogen.
Radiation uye chemotherapy
Maitiro ekurapa anobudirira aripo zvino anopa nguva yakareba yehukama hwakanaka; somuenzaniso, chemotherapy ne cyclophosphamide, methotrexate uye 5-fluorouracil inoderedza kufa kwevakadzi vanofanirwa nemenopaopausal ne25%. Inenge chikamu chimwe nechimwe chechishanu fibroadenoma chinonyangarika pasina kuzvirapa, uye mune zvimwe zviitiko zvinoramba zvichiwedzera muhukuru. Kazhinji fibroadenomas haigoni kuchinjwa musati watanga kubuda kwemwedzi, izvo zvinowanzotaridzirwa. Inenge 1 mu10 mast cysts inotevera mushure mekubudisa, uye mu50% yematambudziko ane cyst imwe chete inozowedzera. Mhando dzakasiyana dzekenza yemazamu. Kuvandudza nzira dzekurapa mumakore achangopfuura kunogona kuderedza zvakanyanya kufema kubva kenza yemazamu. Kutanga kutanga kwekurapwa kwakakosha zvikuru, sezvo zviduku zvishoma nehutachiona, zvinonyanya kufanirwa kujekesa kwomurwere. Makore mashanu ekupukunyuka kwevakadzi pakati pemakumbo pasi pe 2 cm kusvika kusvika 90%, kubva 2 kusvika 5 cm - kusvika 60%.