Mafuta omuorivhi ndiwo mazai emafuta anotorwa kubva muzvibereko zvemuorivhi. Inoshandiswa kunyanya kubika, asiwo inokosha muzvipfeko, sezvo inobatsira kwazvo mumuviri. Mumwe muzivi wechiRoma Pliny akamboti: "Pane zvinhu zviviri zvinodiwa zvakanyanya mumuviri womunhu. Iyo yomukati iwaini, yekunze ndiyo mafuta omuorivhi. " Nezvimwe maorivhi nemafuta emuorivhi zvinobatsira, uye zvichakurukurwa pasi apa.
Ukama hwakasimba pakati pemuorivhi nemichero yawo kubva mune zvechitendero uye zvenyika maonero zvakaratidzwa mune zvimwe zvinyorwa-zvinyorwa uye mabasa enyanzvi. Kubvira panguva yekare, pane tsika uye tsika dzakawanda - mazororo e "yegoridhe yakazara." Kunyangwe muBhaibheri zvakaratidzwa kuti Noa akatumira njiva kuti aone kana pane imwe nyika yakaoma pane imwe nzvimbo, asi akadzoka, akatakura muorivhi mubhuro rake. Kubva pamitambo yevanhu vakasiyana, tsanangudzo ye "nyika yakapikirwa" inozivikanwawo, apo mazambiringa, maonde nemiti yemiorivhi zvakakura. Muorivhi webazi waiva chiratidzo cherugare, uye zvepfuma.
Munguva yeOlympics, bazi remuorivhi rakatanga kuonekwa sechiratidzo chekukunda. MuRoma yekare, maorivhi aiva zvokudya zvezuva nezuva. Panguva iyoyo, vainyanya kuunzwa kubva kuSpain.
Hippocrates akarayira vanhu kushandisa mafuta emuorivhi wehutano hwehupi. VaGiriki vakagadzira sese rokutanga, kusanganisa tareki, madota uye madonhwe maduku emuorivhi. Arabhu dzakagadzirisa iyi teknolojia kuburikidza nekuvirisa mafuta omuorivhi uye madota. Muzana remakore XI muMarseilles, Genoa neVenice vakatanga kubudisa sipo chaiyo yakagadzirwa nemafuta. Sopu yakagadzirwa soro yakagadzirwa chete muzana remakore rechiXVIII. Uye zvakadaro, sese yakagadzirwa nemafuta emuorivhi yaidhura.
Hippocrates, Galen, Pliny nevamwe vanoporesa kare zvakare vakacherechedza kuporesa kunoshamisa kwemafuta emaorivhi, vakazvitumidza magic. Zviitiko zvakawanda zvemazuva ano zvinotsigira zvakakosha zvemafuta eorivhi. Ikozvino chinhu chakachena chechigadzirwa chinowanzoshandiswa sechikamu chinokosha chekudya nemishonga yekurapa.
Zvinonyatsozivikanwa kuti, pamusana pemishonga yemishonga, miorivhi nemafuta emuorivhi chikamu chemishonga yemishonga 473. Munguva yakapfuura, mafuta emuorivhi aifungidzirwa kuti ndiyo nzira yakanakisisa yekushambadza. Asi basa rekutanga rezvezesayenzi rakabatana nechigadzirwa ichi, rakatanga kubata nevasayendisiti muna 1889 muFrance. Vakakakavadzana kuti mvura yakawanda inowedzera kuchengetedza kweAic acid mudumbu. Hafu yezana remakore gare gare, muna 1938, imwe shanduro yesayenzi yakarondedzera kukwanisa kwemiti yemiorivhi uye maorivhi kuchenesa nduru.
Zvose izvi nekumwe kuporesa kwemafuta emuorivhi zvinosarudzwa nekuumbwa kwayo. Izvo hazvidzoki zvakare uye zvinoenderana nemhando yemuorivhi, kukohwa kwegore, nharaunda nezvimwe zvinhu zvakawanda.
Kubva kuGreece, mafuta emuorivhi akapararira muMediterranean yose. Vatongi veRoma vakatanga kutema miorivhi panharaunda yeumambo. Zvose zveNorth Africa zvakafukidzwa neminda. Zvadaro zvaive zvevakunda veSpain. Vaiva ivo vaimbova nechokwadi chekutora muhomwe yemichero. Nokudaro, muzana remakore rechi16, muorivhi akayambuka Atlantic ndokugara muMexico, Peru, Chile neArgentina.
Nherero yemafuta nemafuta emuorivhi
Nyika yakave yakagara ichipindwa nemafuta akabudiswa kubva muzvibereko zvemuorivhi. Nhasi, nyika nhatu vatungamiri mukugoverwa kwe "ndarama yegoridhe" kumativi ose enyika - Spain, Italy neTurkey. Muzvitoro muU.S., Japan neRussia, iyo inotengeswa zvikuru ndiyo miorivhi yeSpanish uye mafuta emuorivhi. Miorivhi yakakura mumhenderekedzo yeTunisian ine yakakwirira yepamusoro zvokuti kunyange vaSpain vanovatenga. MuFrance, maorivhi anokura zvikuru munharaunda ye Nice. Kune miti inenge 1500 ichikura ipapo.
Nyika | Kugadzirwa (2009) | Consumption (2009) | Avhareji yegore negore kushandiswa (kg) |
Spain | 36% | 20% | 13.62 |
Italy | 25% | 30% | 12.35 |
Greece | 18% | 9% | 23.7 |
Turkey | 5% | 2% | 1.2 |
Siriya | 4% | 3% | 6th |
Tunisia | 8% | 2% | 9.1 |
Morocco | 3% | 2% | 1.8 |
Portugal | 1% | 2% | 7.1. |
USA | 8% | 0.56 | |
France | 4% | 1.34 |
Health Benefits
Mafuta omuorivhi ndicho chibereko chakaisvonaka kwazvo, saka mafuta akawanda ari pasi-mafuta ane mairi. Iyo yakafuma mu linoleic, oleic acid, vitamini E, phosphorus, iron, protein, mineral. Mafuta omuorivhi akapfuma mu polyunsaturated mafuta acids uye monounsaturated rare essential mafuta akawanda acids. Asi kwete izvi chete izvi zvinopa kuporesa kwemafuta emuorivhi. Zvinyorwa zve unsaponifiable lipids zvinotambawo basa rinokosha. Mune mafuta anowanikwa kubva kumbeu (sunflower, corn, rapeseed), hapana mutezo unoponifiable lipids, uyo wakaita kuti kurasikirwa kwezvikamu zvizhinji zvekuporesa kwemafuta aya. Mafuta omuorivhi, mukutendeuka kwawo, ane maitiro akawanda ezvakanaka nekuda kwezvimwe zvezvinhu:
- Sterols - bvisa kubatwa kwecholesterol kubva mumutsipa;
- Tocopherols - vane zvinhu zve antioxidants;
- Terpenes, iyo inokurudzira kuchengetedzwa kwebibi acid;
- carotene , iyo ine antioxidant;
- phospholipid - izvo zvikamu zvikuru zve membrane dzemu cell, kunyanya, neuronal membranes;
- estrogenic hormones;
- Vitamin A , inozivikanwa se antioxidant;
- Vitamini D, iyo inowedzera kubatwa kwe calcium mumukumbo;
- flavonoids , iyo inobatanidzwa mukuderedza-kusvibiswa kwemuviri;
- Chlorophyll , iyo inopa maorivhi nemafuta emuorivhi muvara wakaisvonaka uye inokurudzira kukura kwemasero, kunyanya, masero matsvuku eropa uye leukocytes.
Izvozvo zvakaitika kuti mafuta emuorivhi ane maitiro akanaka ekurapa kwekurapa nekudzivirira kwezvirwere zvepfungwa. Inogona kuderedza zvakanyanya kuwanda kwe "zvakaipa" uye kuwedzera "zvakanaka" cholesterol, kuderedza kuwanda kwehutano hwemasununguko ehurukuro, kuisa mutsauko weropa, kuwedzera kukonzera kwemasvingo emagetsi uye kuderedza dambudziko reprombosi. Mafuta omuorivhi anononoka kupera muitiro wekukwegura mumuviri. Ongororo dzakaratidza kuti mbeve dzakadyiwa nemafuta emuorivhi dzakagara kwenguva yakareba kupinda iyo. Ivo vaidya kana mafuta emaji kana mafuta ezuva. Izvo zvinoonekwa kuvanhu: pachitsuwa cheKrete, uko vanhu vomunharaunda vaishandiswa kunyanya mafuta emuorivhi, muitiro wekurarama ndeimwe wepamusoro-soro munyika. Masayendisiti eAmerica akaratidza kuti kana iwe ukanwa punikioni yamafuta omuorivhi pazuva, kuderedza kushandiswa kwemamwe mafuta panguva imwe, njodzi yekenza yemazamu ichaderera ne 45%. Zvidzidzo zvakaitwa kwemakore mana. Vakapinda nevakadzi vanodarika 60 000 vane makore makumi mana nemakumi manomwe nemakumi manomwe. Masayendisiti echiGiriki akawana kuti kana paine mafuraji 3 emafuta omuorivhi zuva rega rega, njodzi ye rheumatoid arthritis inoderedzwa ne 2.5 nguva.
Imwe chete yemigumisiro yemiorivhi nemafuta emuorivhi
- Inobatsira mukati mezvirwere zvemoyo, inovandudza kudya, inowanzoita chiropa basa.
- Chinoti chinokanganisa ganda.
- Inobatsira kubata maronda akazaruka, anopa ropa paganda.
- Inogona kuderedza kuumbwa kwezviyo. Zvironda zvinopararira usiku humwe nguva pfupi pavanenge vachiona.
- Nokuda kwehutachiona hwezeve, matoni uye nehuro, kupisa mafuta emuorivhi mubhagi reefriam nemvura uye kusanganiswa namafuta (1: 3). Iko kusanganiswa kunodururwa muhomwe yakaputirwa mumucheka wekotoni ndokuiswa panzvimbo yemutsipa. Mabhanji uye kubata maminitsi gumi nemashanu.
- Kuchenesa bhurocha remakumbo, rinokurudzirwa kunwa 1 kiyiyo yehuni yemuorivhi pane isina chinhu mudumbu.
- Kana iwe wakafamba zvakawanda masikati, uye makumbo ako akaneta - ita tsoka yepamusoro mafuta nemafuta akavhenganiswa nemonamu juice.
- Kuti ubvise callus kumakumbo ako, shandisa garlic yakakodzwa uye mafuta omuorivhi.
- Kurwisa zvipembenene uye zvinopisa, fungidza maaspuni 2 emafuta omuorivhi neyeii mazai nemafuta panzvimbo yakakanganiswa.
- Varwere vane hepatitis C vanoda nguva refu mangwanani oga oga kutora teaspoon imwe yamafuta omuorivhi uye simbisa muromo wako nechikamu chemononi.
Kunyange zvazvo inonaka uye ine utano, mafuta emuorivhi anofanira kushandiswa nekuchenjerera. Kana ukashandisa iyo kubika, pani yakatsva kana shandi haifaniri kunge yakatsamwa, nekuti mafuta anoshaya unhu hunobatsira uye anovava.
Zvishongedzo zvinogadzirwa nemaorivhi uye maorivhi
Akanaka muhotera weEgipita achigeza mumvura nemafuta emuorivhi. Mamwe mazano ekuzora anogona kuitika nhasi:
- Kuchengetedza bhandi rakanaka remhangura yebhuruki yebhuruki ye 4 spoons yezuva rinokonzera, upfu, 1/2 mukombe wemukaka, spoonful uchi uye spoonful of olive oil. Iyo masikisi inogadzirwa pameso nemutsipa, ichiri kuchidziya. Bvisa iyo mushure memaminitsi gumi uye suza chiso nemvura inodziya.
- Bvudzira bvudzi: 1 mazai mazai yolk akavhenganiswa nejusi remurosi, ezvo uwedzere madonhi omuorivhi. Iyi maskiti yakakodzera makushe akaoma.
- Nokuti meno akangwara anopenya: gadzira musanganiswa wezvidimbu zvamafuta emuorivhi uye gungwa remunyu. Meso anobvisa ichi chisanganiso uye osuka zvakanaka.
- Bhati uye kuwedzerwa kwemadonhwe mashoma emafuta emuorivhi kunomesa ganda remuviri, kusimbisa misumari, iyo inogona kuputsa nyore nyore.
- Nezvivara zvinoratidzika paganda mushure mekuita pamuviri, ramba uchipukuta nemafuta omuorivhi, kuvhara muviri nemushonga unodziya uye kushambidza mushure maminitsi gumi.
- Nokuda kwemaoko akanaka: vadzivirire kwemaminitsi gumi nematatata matsva, ndokuzorora nemvura inodziya, uye zvinyoronyoro uzvizunguze nemafuta emuorivhi.
- Kuti urege kudzima kunze kweganda , nyora maoko ako muhafu yeawa mumafuta omuorivhi akashambidzika, uye wozorora kubva kune ivhu uye maorivhi.
- Kana uine ganda rakaoma , sanganisa kernel ye avocado nemafuta emuorivhi uye ita mask panze. Mushure memaminitsi makumi maviri musvure nemvura inodziya.
- Apo makwinya - sanganisa juisi yearoni imwe nemaspuni maviri emafuta emuorivhi uye munyoro musasa chiso chacho kaviri pavhiki usati warara.
- Kuti ugare uine ganda rakanyorova , gira mafuta namaorivhi usati washamba.
- Kurwisana newaini: fungidzai maorivhi mashoma uye mafuta omuorivhi, edzai musanganiswa wose pavhudzi rako uye mushure maminitsi makumi maviri mushure.
- Nokuda kwebvudzi rakanaka: nyanya imwe yolk, juice yeinoni imwe, hafu yegirazi yewaini uye imwe yepuniki yemafuta emuorivhi. Ita bvudzi remaminitsi shanu rinopisa usati washandisa shampoo.