Iyo placenta inoumbwa sezvinotevera: mazai anogadzirwa, kupinda muuterine cavity, yakanamatira kumadziro ayo, kunyura mukati memucheche, se "bhati inopisa mumafuta." Pamativi ose egg iri rakakomberedzwa nemuchembera yemuberekwa uye inopa zvokudya nekutuka mishonga kuburikidza nemakumbo e fetal egg. Mushure memazuva mapfumbamwe nechekunze kwebhokisi ye fetal egg kune villi, iyo inopinda mumucheche yechiberekero, uye ikozvino pamwe chete navo michero inoenda kune chibereko.
Nokudaro, chikamu ichocho chevilli, chinotarisana nemadziro echibereko, chinoumba placenta uye chinopinda zvakadzama kusvika mumusero wechibereko chechibereko. Asi pakati pevillioni uye rusvingo rwechibereko, pane nzvimbo iyo ropa rinopararira - pano kune kuchinjana kweokisijeni, carbon dioxide, michina kubva kuna amai kusvika kumucheche uye kumashure.
Sezvo pamuviri uchifambira mberi, placenta inowedzerawo. Iko zvino yakawanda yakawanda, yakaoma, inotora fomu ye diski. Rimwe remativi aro rakashandukirira kumwana, mutambo wechibvu unobva kubva pakati, umo mutezo weropa uripo. Pamitambo iyi, mishonga, okisijeni inopinda mu fetus, uye zvigadzirwa zvebasa rayo rinokosha zvinopinda muropa raamai. Rimwe divi relacenta, amai, rakanamatira kumadziro emuviri.
Sezvaunogona kuona, iyo placenta inotsiva mwana ane nhengo dzakawanda dzinokosha zvakakosha: mapapu, mimba, itsvo, nezvimwewo. Mwana anogona kukura zvakanaka kana chete placenta iri kushanda zvakanaka. Vanachiremba vomuviri weramangwana vanobatana ne-placenta uye mwana muitiro imwechete ye "amai-placenta-fetus". Chiyero chemugadziriro uyu chakakura, iyo inenge inenge 9 m 2 , uye mambure emitsipa yeropa iri 40-50 km murefu! Uhu hwakawanda hwepa placenta huri masendimita maseremita, pamagumo ekudzivirira huremu hwahwo huri 500-600 g.
Vanhu vanoita sechibvumirano, hazviregi zvinhu zvinokuvadza uye zvipembenene zvinopfuurira kumucheche, asi, zvinosuruvarisa, maikemikari zvimwe zveimwe mishonga iyo amai uye dzimwe nguva vanotapukisa vanogona kuitapudza nayo. Iyo placenta inoberekawo mahomoni akawanda uye zvimwe zvinhu zvinoshanda zvinotsigira kukura kwekuzvimba uye kukura kwechecheche.
Ipolacenta inobatsira pamudzimai wemunguva yemberi, kuratidza huwandu hwemhomoni inobatsira kuti ienderane nepamuviri, inobatanidzwa mumagadziro ekutanga kwebasa. Ndicho chikonzero, apo pachitarisa amai vari mberi, vanachiremba vanonyanya kunyatsocherechedza maitiro uye chimiro che placenta panguva yose yekuzvitakura. Muchiedza chekuongorora, kunyanya kunobhadharwa kunobhadharwa, kutanga kwezvose, kuenda kunzvimbo yekubatanidzwa kwayo. Kazhinji inowanikwa pasi pechibereko kana pane rimwe remadziro aro. Asi dzimwe nguva placenta inogona kuiswa zvakare pedyo nepachivix. Izvi zvinogona kutungamirira kune chokwadi chokuti gare gare ichaderera, kupinda munzvimbo yechipfuva chemukati chemuviri wechivi, ichichifukidza zvachose (central placenta previa) kana kuti chikamu (marginal placenta previa).
Nekubudirira kwepakati placenta previa, kuberekwa kwepanyama hakugoneki - chikamu chega chega. Izvi hazvifaniri kutya. Munguva yedu, kushanda kunoitwa qualitatively, pasina migumisiro kune amai nemucheche. Nenzira, basa racho haringadiwi. Dzimwe nguva, nekuwedzera kwekuzvimba, the placenta inogona, pane zvinopesana, zvishoma nezvishoma inokura uye inotora nzvimbo yakakwana. Kuwanda kwepasenta kunopisa kubuda ropa panguva yekuzvitakura, kubvisa pamuviri, kuberekwa nguva isati yapera.
Muna ultrasonography, kunyatsotarisa kunobhadharwawo kuhupamhi hwayo. Kupfuurira kwehukuru hunotenderwa kunogona kureva kuzvimba kwepentecenta, inoitika neRh-conflict, chirwere cheshuga, kuvapo kwehutachiona, kusagadzikana kwechecheche, gestosis yakanyanya. Kupera kwemafuro kunoratidza kushaya kukwana. Chero zvazvingava, zvakakosha kutora matanho ekuvandudza kushanda kwepentecenta kuitira kuti kuve nekugutsikana kwekuvandudzwa kwema fetus. Izvo zvakakosha zvikuru kunyatsoona kukura, kukura kweparcenta munguva dzakasiyana dzekudzivirira. Kana iyo placenta inotanga kuibva kare, ikozvino inoratidza kutyisidzira kubvisa pamuviri.
Kana mwana achangoberekwa, uye chiremba achibvisa tsanga yembilical, mabasa ekuguma kwepentecenta, uye mukati memaminitsi makumi matatu chechitatu, chikamu chekupedzisira chekubereka kunowanikwa - kuberekwa kwepentecenta uye membrane (kuberekwa). Mushure mokunge, iyo placenta inonyatsoongororwa - pane zvikanganiso, mawedzera emagules, calcareous deposits (calcification), zvichiratidza kuti mwana ari muchizvaro anotambura nekudya zvakakwana. Ichokwadi ichi chinofanira kuudzwa kune chiremba wevana. Mushure mezvose, kumwana, ruzivo rwakadaro chiratidzo chake chokutanga chehutano kana chiratidzo chekutanga chezvirwere zvinogona kuitika. Kana pane chiremera mu-placenta, kudzivirira uterine kubuda ropa, anesthesia inobvisa masara eparcenta kubva muchibereko.
Saka, ruvara rwemunhu, pamusoro pehutano, kubudirira, mabasa, iwe zvino unoziva chikamu chenguva pfupi asi chakakosha chinopa uye chinodzivirira mwana muchizvaro chaamai. Mushure mokuberekwa, iyo placenta inogona kuparadzwa kana kushandiswa pakurapa kana kuti nesayenzi.