Hathiora inhengo yemhuri ye cacti. Nhamba inosvika marudzi manomwe emiti inowanikwa kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweBrazil. Joseph Rose naNathaniel Britton vakatsanangura gwaro iri muna 1923. Uye zita rake, iye ane chikwereti kuna Thomas Charyote - weBhodanist botanist, uyo akararama muzana remakore rechi16. Zita rejw.org ndey anagram yezita raTommas Chariote.
Zvirimara zvejena hathior ndeye lithophytic uye epiphytic cacti ine segmented stems. Iri rudzi rweC cacti rwakafanana nejeri Ripsalis, zvisinei, pane kusiyana.
Kutarisira kwemuti.
Lighting. Imba yemiti inogona kukura mu penumbra, asi inofadza kuti ikure mumwenje wakajeka, sezvo kusasha kwechiedza kuchakanganisa kukura uye tsananguro - michero ichakura zvakashata uye mativi ehutu achachinja. Chiedza chakapararira chinodikanwa kuti ruzive runoshanda uye ruzhinji. Mhando dzose dzemauto dzinokura zvakanaka pamahwindo anotarisa kumadokero kana kumabvazuva. Pamuodzanyemba kwewindo re châtior hapangakwanise kutumbuka. Pahwindo rinotarisana nechokumaodzanyemba, unofanira kuvaka nzvimbo yekuvanda, kunyanya masikati.
Kupisa kwehutongi. Nokuda kwezhizha, idzi midzi dzomukati dzinogona kutorwa kumhepo itsva, munzvimbo dzisina kuwana mazuva ezuva. Muzhizha, zvinoshandiswa kuchengetedza muti wacho pahutambo hwe18-22 degrees. Kutanga muchikwata, muti unofanirwa kuchengetwa pa 14-16 degrees, asi unofanirwa kuve nechokwadi kuti hausi pasi pedhigiri gumi nemaviri.
Kunwisa. Mumazuva ekuzora, uyewo muzhizha, kunwa kunofanira kuwanda. Nekudiridza, mvura inonyorera inotorwa, zvichida yakarara, inwisa, sezvo ivhu rakasvibira rinopera. Nekutanga kwekuvhuvhura kusvika munaMarch, kunwisa kunofanira kuve kuenzanisa. Kana ikasimwa ichichengetwa munzvimbo inotonhorera, zvinodiridza kunofanira kuitwa zvakanyatsonaka. Mushure mokunge mbeu yacho yapera, pane nguva yekuzorora, panguva iyo mvura inonwisa ichitapudzwa. Miti yacho haibvumiri mvura inogadziriswa ye substrate kana kuomeswa kwayo, panguva yakadzika yekupisa kwezvakagadzirwa, zvinhu izvi zvine ngozi kune hathiory.
Humidity of air. Muzhizha, kuitira kuti kubudirire kubudirira mbeu ye hathor, inorayirwa kuwedzera humhu hwemhepo. Nokuda kweizvi, iwe unogona kushandisa pallet rine peat yakashata kana matombo. Ita iyo pikari pamakumbo, asi chete kuitira kuti irege kubata mvura. Kuchema kwemhepo kunotungamirira kune chokwadi chokuti budhu dzinotanga kupera.
Top dressing. Kudyisa panguva yekukura uye panguva yekuyerera kunofanira kuitwa mwedzi nguva 2. Kuti uite hupfuva, mineral fertilizer pasina calcium inotorwa. Mineral fertilizer inofanira kudimbiswa hafu, nzira inofanirwa kugoverwa nayo inofanira kuva nehuwandu hwezvinhu zvakadai se nitrogen. Cacti haibvumiri nitrogen yakawandisa, uye izvi zvinonzwisisika, nokuti kubva pakuwandisa kwayo midzi inotanga kuora. Nitrogen muhuta inofanira kunge ine 9, potasium - 24, phosphorus - 18. Kupfeka kupfeka kunomira apo bindu rinotanga nguva yekuzorora.
Transplantation. Mhando iyi ye cactus inoshandiswa chete mushure mokutunga maruva, mienzaniso mikuru inoshandiswa makore ose mashanu, vanhu vakuru pamakore maviri zvichidiwa, mienzaniso mishoma gore negore.
Kuti hathor ibude zvakanaka iyo inofanira kudyarwa mumhepo inokonzerwa nemhepo uye yakajeka ne pH = 5-6 - isina simba acid reaction. Substrate inokodzera: 6 zvikamu zvevhu rakaoma, 4 zvikamu zve humus, 2 chikamu jecha uye peat land, 1 chikamu sod land. Hathiora inokura zvakanaka mu peat yevhu. Kana ivhu risina kuwandisa, ipapo maruva achave asina simba kana kuti haazovipo zvachose.
Kuberekwa kwezvirimwa .
Hathiora ndiwo mbeu dzinobereka nekunyora nekugadzika miti. Muchikamu chekupedzisira, nzira yacho inowanikwa pakarepo mushure mokupenya. Kuti uite izvi, tsvina inodzwa kubva pamiti, iyo inofanira kunge iine huwandu hwezvikamu zviviri. Mushure mokucheka mutsara unofanira kusaswa nemarasha uye omiswa. Iyo tsvina yakadzika mumusanganiswa unopisa unenge uwandu hwakafanana we peat nejecha.
Kuzvara mumushonga ndeyekutevera: a hatior yakasimwa pamutsara we spiny resection. Iwe unogona kupora munguva yose yezhizha. Kuti uite izvi, mu perksia zvakakosha kubvisa chikamu chepamusoro chikamu nemashizha, asi kuruboshwe rwakarongerwa stalk kumusoro inofanira kuparadzaniswa. Pamusana pacho, zvakakosha kubvisa tsvuku pamwe nekuvapo kwezvikamu zvitatu, kurodza nebhanhire uye kuisa iyo pachigadziko chemudziyo mucheka. Hwendefa inogadziriswa nechemberi kwenguva refu, nheyo, musana, uye yakaputirwa neketeri kana tsvimbo yakazara. Hazvina kudiwa kuvhara chigadziko nemucheka we rootstock, 18-degree yegorozi yegorosi inofanirwa kudikanwa, uye shure kwemasvondo maviri kubatanidzwa kuchatanga kukura. Mushure mezvo, bhanhire rinobviswa, mashizha nemashizha ayo ari pasi pekubatanidza anobviswa munguva yakakodzera. Kazhinji, muti wakasungirirwa unotumbuka zvikuru.
Zvimwe zvinetso.
Iyo simiti inogona kuenwa nehutachiona hwehutachiona uye hwehutachiona. Chirwere chacho chinoperekedzwa nekuora kwechikamu chiduku chemuti, nzvimbo inotsvedza uye ine matema panzvimbo ino, ipapo zvasara zvinotanga kuora. Muchiitiko ichi, antibacterial zvinodhaka hazvizobudiriri. Kana zvichibvira, chikamu chinotapukirwa chemiti chinofanira kubviswa. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kunyange nehutachiona hwehutachiona hwehutachiona, zvinokwanisika kukura musimu mutsva, nokuti izvi zvinokwana, pamusoro pechigumo chekuputsa tsinde uye kuchikurira mumusanganiswa unopisa.
Kazhinji kazhinji simiti inobatwa nezvirwere zvakadai se phytophthora uye fusariosis.
Kutapukirwa nefusariosis kunowanzoitika kuburikidza nemaronda anoumbwa pamusoro penzvimbo dzinokonzerwa nekuda kwezvipembenene. Muchiitiko ichi, fungicides inoshandiswa, iyo inosanganisira zvikamu zvinoshanda zve benomyl uye chlorothalonil. Usati washandisa, verenga mirayiridzo yacho nekunyatsoteerera.
Kuvharirwa ne phytophthora, sekutonga, kunoitika kuburikidza nevhu rakaipa. Chirwere chacho chinokanganisa zvikuru mutsipa. Miti yakasvibiswa chiratidzo chaicho chechirwere. Panguva imwe chete, ivhu rinoramba rakanyorova. Iyo mhete inogona kuva yakachena kana yakajeka muvara. Muchiitiko ichi, fungicides inoshandiswa kurwisa zvirwere zvefungal.
Hatioru akashamisika: whitefly, scutellum, spider mite, mealybug.