Gimnokalitsium (Japanese cactus) yakabvongodza stems, uye pamibvu iri kune-se-tubercles. Maruva emiti iyi ane short flower tube, uye maruva acho anogona kuva nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana: dhizha, tsvuku, tsvuku, tsvuku, uye inosvibiswa pamwe nekusanganiswa kwejena. Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, inokura zvikurukuru kuSouth America: muParaguay, Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil. Inogona kuwanikwa pahupamhi mamita 3000 pamusoro pegungwa. Chimiro chinoda granite, ivhu, manyowa uye gneiss ivhu. Miti iyi nhasi inenge mamiriyoni gumi nemarudzi, mazhinji acho ndeyemichero yezvisikwa zvipenyu. Cactus gimnokalitsium inofanirwa nemaruva makuru uye inotarisa kutarisa.
Gimnokalitsium: zvinoda kuchengetwa uye mamiriro ekukura
Nzvimbo
Izvo izvi zvinofadza chaizvo chiedza, vanochida chaizvo, kunyanya mumwedzi yechando. Kana akakurira muchitema mujira yezhizha, zvino angazoda mumvuri. Iko inokura zvakanaka pamhepo yakadzika inotonhora, izvi zvinoshanda kumwaka wose. Mumwaka wechando, zvinokosha kuchengetedza ushamwari hwekushisa hunenge kusvika 18 degrees, asi hunogona kukura pakushambisa zvakadzika pasi, semuenzaniso, pa 5 degrees. Kana cacti ichichengetwa pane windowsills kana mumakamuri asina kupisa, saka munguva yechando ivo, zvechokwadi, vanofanira kuiswa mumakamuri.
Kunwisa
Kana iri yekudiridza, mumwaka weChitus yeJapan inofanira kunwa mvura yakawanda, uye mune dzimwe nguva nguva yekudiridza inowanzoitika, haisi yakasiyana nekudiridza kweimwe maruva ari mukati, ayo anonwisa, kana zvichidikanwa, nemvura inotonhora. Pakupera kwezhizha, mvura yekudiridza uye periodicity inoderedzwa, uye nechomukati kwekuvhuvhuta inowanzovharirwa. Panguva ino inofanira kunwa mvura zvishoma uye zvishoma. Humidhi inofanira kuva yakaderera. Muzhizha hazvifanirwe kushandiswa. Anofarira mhepo itsva: kana zuva rinopisa richiuya, kamuri pamwe naye rinofanira kuva nemhepo.
Kubereka
Zvikwangwani zvemhando dzakawanda dze cactus zvinogona nyore kutora midzi panguva ipi zvayo yegore. Usati wadyara cuttings mu substrate ne peat, inofanira kuomeswa kwamazuva anoverengeka, uye makuru - mavhiki mashoma (rimwe kana maviri). Paunowedzera, kuitira kuti urege kudzivirirwa kwechigadzirwa chaamai, vana vanofanira kuparadzana uye vakadyarwa muzvimedu zvakasiyana panguva yekugadzirwa.
Miti yacho inogona kubereka uye mbeu, izvi zvinoda kupisa kwemazinga gumi kusvika kuma25 kusvika ku25. Mbeu inoumbwa ne-cross-pollination inoumbwa nemaitiro chaiwo. Nzira iyo inopararira nekubatsirwa kwembeu ine nzvimbo yekugara yese yehutano hwezvipi zvakasiyana-siyana. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, rudzi urwu runoshandiswa nevarimi mumabasa avo.
Transplantation
Cactus Japanese inofanira kuendeswa kune gore rimwechete, asi chete apo mbeu yacho ichiri muduku, uye iyo inoshandiswa, apo inenge ichidiwa, zvichida mugore. Kana uchisimudza, sarudza mapeti ayo akareba zvishoma kupfuura aya apfuura. Denga rinotorwa kubva pamashizha, turf, peat, jecha rine zviyo zvakawanda muhuwandu hwakaenzana. Mune ivhu munowedzera marara, makungu ezvidhinha. Ivhu harifaniri kuva rakachena, harifaniri kuva rakasvibiswa, mvura inomera musango nechingwa chechidimbu chemvura.
Kutarisira
Kukura kwemhando dzakawanda dzemiti iyi hazvidi chero mamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo. Pano mitemo yakafanana inoshandiswa, iyo iyo kutarisira miti yakawanda. Miti inofanira kunge yakagadziriswa (muhuwandu hwemashizha enyika, turf, jecha nematombo), panofanira kunge kune mvura, kunwisa - kuenzanisa, zvakanaka, kwete zuva. Nguva yekuzorora inoda kudiridza kusingawanzoitiki, kutonhora kune anenge 10 degrees. Mamwe mhando dzemhuka dzinoda kupisa kunotonhora nekuwedzera.
Zvirwere nezvirwere
Flat red tick
Ichi ndicho chirwere chinonyanya kuipa, icho chinoda zvikuru kugadzirisa pane zvose cacti, kunze kweiyo hymnocalitsiums. Zvichida, chikonzero chacho chiri muhutete hwakasvibirira wegorosi rakaoma kuuraya. Asi kazhinji izvi zvinogona kuonekwa pavari. Aya mavara matsvuku haafi kusvika pakukura kwema 1 mm, asi mutsva webasa ravo - mafungu akaoma akaoma pamiti inonzi cactus - inoonekwa zvino. Hymnocalitsiums inoshungurudzwa nedambudziko iri, kunyanya achiri muduku. Miti inogadziriswa apo ganda risati rakura zvakasimba: pedyo nehokukura.
Zviri nyore kurwisana nemhando iyi yemakiti, kunyanya pa hymnocalitsia. Vane zviduku, uye vanongoshambidzwa nemvura inodziya uye vanopukunyuka nechinetso chisina simba che doro (ethyl). Kunyanya kubudirira munyaya iyi kune zvisikwa zvose zvinouraya, uyewo acaricides. Iko kurapa kuchapa migumisiro kana iwe une zvakawanda zve cactus, kana iwe uchinge uine kakamwe kecti, ipapo mvura uye ethyl doro richava chiyero chakakwana.
CEREBRAMS
Izvi zvipembenene zviduku muhukuru. Zvikadzi zvezvipembenene izvi zvinogara pamatemu uye midzi uye inonwisa zvose zvinodiwa jisi. Vanoparadzira pamhando dzose dze cacti, kusanganisira pa hymnocalitsiums. Ziva kuti utachiona hwezvipembenene izvi hahuna nyore. Mitumbi yemapasasiti inopenya muvara, kubva kumusoro iyo yakafukidzwa nekotoni-yakafanana nekuputika yakafanana nemhando yehuto refu. Izvo zviri nyore kuona pane kunyange muviri weacactus ine zvidzitiro zvishoma.
Mhonye dzinogadzika pamidzi, saka dzakaoma kuona. Kana kukura kwemuti wacho kwakamira, uye pasina ruvara, zvino izvi zvinofanira kuva chiratidzo kune kutanga kwekurwisana nehosha. Kana pane zviratidzo zvakadaro, zvino tinofanira kuongorora midzi, apo jasi rehonye rinonyatsooneka. Mitsara inofanira kushambidzwa nemvura inopisa kana kuita midzi yekushambidza kwemaminitsi 15. Ijiji inofanira kuva yakakwirira sezvo ruoko ruchabereka. Zvinokwanisika kushandiswa kubatsiro rwemainececidal kana kuti mashizha evanhu vose pakuwedzera kumvura. Iwe unogona kuwedzera chigadzirwa chegranulated pasi.
Root rot
Kana zvakakanganisika kutarisira hynomalicium: iyo yakawanda yokudiridza, kudyara munewo "gorosi" nyika, ichiiputira nemvura mumvura inotonhora, ipapo midzi yemiti inogona kuuraya marudzi akasiyana ehutori. Kakawanda nzira yacho inongogadzirisa midzi. Kukundikana kunongowanikwa chete panguva yekusimudza mbeu, iyo inogara kwenguva refu isingadi kuwedzera kana kukura. Cacti inogona kugoneswa. Vanokurudzirwa kuti vashambidzwe nemvura yakakwirira-inotonhorera, kubvisa chikamu chikamu kune nzvimbo dzakanaka, kushambidzwa newaini, fungicidal agents, ndokuzoomeswa ndokusiyiwa kuti atange midzi, sevana pavanopararira mune zvinomera.