Upenyu nebasa raBernard Shaw

Upenyu nebasa romunhu uyu zvinodzidziswa mumabhuku ezvinyorwa. Basa raShaw rinonakidza uye rakasiyana. Upenyu hwaShaw zvakarewo mukana wokutaura nezvazvo. Saka, ikozvino tichayeuka kuti upenyu hwebasa raBernard Shaw zvaive zvakafanana.

Muhupenyu nekushanda kwaBernard Shaw kwaiva nemakumbo akawanda uye pasi, asi mitambo yake ichagara yakashamiswa nekunaka kwavo, runako, mafi uye mafirosofi.

Upenyu hwomunyori uyu ane tarenda hwakatanga musi waJuly 26, 1856 muDublin. Panguva iyoyo, Ratidza Musoro rakanga rava kuda kuparadzwa zvachose uye rakange risingagoni kuchengetedza bhizinesi rake. Saka, baba vaBernard vakamwa zvakawanda. Amai vaBernard vakanga vachiridzira kuimba uye havana kuona pfungwa mumhuri yavo. Saka, hupenyu hwemukomana hahuna kupfuurira mumamiriro ezvinhu akanaka. Asi, Shaw akanga asingatsamwiri zvakare. Akaenda kuchikoro, kunyange zvazvo asina kudzidza zvachose chinhu. Asi, aifarira chaizvo kuverenga. Mabasa aDickens, Shakespeare, Benyang, uyewo nhau dzeArabia uye Bhaibheri rakasiya chiratidzo uye chinyorwa muupenyu hwake. Uyewo pane dzidzo yake nebasa zvakakanganisa mahofisi anoimbwa naamai vake nemifananidzo yakaisvonaka mu National Gallery.

Kubwinya kweShaw kwakava kunakidza uye kusakosha panguva imwe chete. Pakutanga, mukomana uyu akanga asina kunyatsofunga nezvematarenda ake emabhuku. Aida kuzviwanira mari. Saka, apo Bernard aiva nemakore gumi namashanu, akazova mubatikiti mune kambani yakanga iri kutengesa munda. Zvadaro, akashanda semari yemari kwemakore mana. Basa iri rakanyangadza kwazvo kuna Shaw izvo, shure kwezvose, haana kukwanisa kumira ndokubva aenda kuLondon. Yaiva ipapo iyo amai vake vaigara panguva iyoyo. Akarambana nababa vake ndokuenda kuguta guru, kwaakashanda semudzidzisi wekuimba. Panguva iyoyo, Bernard akanga atofunga nezvebasa rake rekunyora uye akaedza kuita zvinyorwa zvoupenyu, zvinyorwa uye zvinyorwa. Akaramba achivatumira kuhofisi yekunyora, asi basa rakanga risingagamuchirwi mubhuku racho. Zvisinei, Bernard haana kuora mwoyo, uye akapfuurira kunyora nekutuma, achitarisira kuti rimwe zuva tarenda yake inganzwisiswa uye basa rakabudiswa. Makore mapfumbamwe ebasa romunyori akarambwa. Akangobvuma chete nyaya yacho uye akaripa iyo gumi nemashanu shillings. Asi zvinyorwa zvishanu zvaakanyora munguva iyoyo zvakarambwa. Asi, chiratidzo chacho hachina kumira. Kusvikira mutemo wakashanduka kuva munyori, akasarudza kuva mumiririri. Nokudaro, muna 1884, jaya rakabatana neFabian Society. Ikoko akakurumidza kuzivikanwa seanorator ane njere anonyatsoziva kutaura kutaura kwake. Asi Shaw akanga atovimbiswa kwete kungotaura. Akanzwisisa kuti munyori wechokwadi anofanira kugara achivandudza dzidzo yake. Saka, akaenda kuimba yekuverenga yeBritish Museum. Yaiva mu musamuziyamu iyo yakazozivana nemunyori Archer. Izvi zvakava zvakakosha kuShaw. Mubati wehomwe akamubatsira mberi mberi muhupfumi uye Bernard akava munyori wekuzvipira. Mushure maizvozvi, akagamuchira basa remugadziri wemimhanzi, kwaakashanda kwemakore matanhatu, uye makore matatu nehafu akatsoropodza zvakasiyana-siyana zvemitambo. Panguva imwecheteyo, akanyora mabhuku pamusoro peIbsen naWagner, uyewo akasika mitambo yake, asi vakaramba vasinganzwisisi uye vakarambwa. Semuenzaniso, mutambo "Basa raMai Warren" rakarambidzwa kubvunzurudzwa, "Tichararama - Tichaona" vakayevedzwa, asi havana kuzviisa, asi "Arms and Man" zvainyanya kuvhiringidza kune wese. Zvechokwadi, iyo yekuratidzwa yakanyorawo mamwe mimwe mitambo, asi panguva iyoyo, chete yekutamba Idzidzidzisi waDhiyabhorosi, iyo yakaitwa muna 1897, yakawana kubudirira kukuru.

Mukuwedzera kumitambo, muonyopu wakanyora mazano akasiyana-siyana, uye aivewo mutauriri wemugwagwa. Nenzira, akaparadzira maonero evanhu. Uyewo, chiratidzo chacho chaive nhengo yedare remunharaunda reSt. Pancras. Sezvaunogona kunzwisisa, zvaive mune iyi yeruwa yaaigara. Unhu hwaShaw hwakanga hwakaita kuti nguva dzose uye akazvipira zvizere kuti ave nesimba rakazara. Ndicho chikonzero, muviri wake nguva dzose wakatambura zvakasiyana-siyana zvakanyanya uye utano hwakanyanya kuipa. Zvose zvinogona kuva zvakaipa, asi, panguva iyoyo, pedyo naShaw akanga atova mudzimai wake Charlotte uye Payne Townsend. Akarongedza uye akatarisira murume wake ane ruzivo kusvikira panguva yaasina kuenda kugadzirisa. Panguva yekurwara, Shaw akanyora mitambo yakadai se "Caesar naCleopatra", "Chikumbiro chaKaptain Brazbaund." "Kutendeuka" aifunga nezvenyaya yechitendero, uye muna "Caesar naCleopatra", vaverengi vaigona kuona kuti mifananidzo yekare yemunhu mukuru uye unhu hukuru hwakashandurwa kuitira kuti irege kuonekwa.

Pane imwe nguva, Shaw akafunga kuti nzvimbo yekutengeserana yakanga isingakodzeri kwaari, akasarudza kuva mutambidzani uye akanyora mutambo "Murume uye Superman". Asi, muna 1903, zvinhu zvose zvakachinja apo London yakatambisa "Mole" yakatanga kutungamirira mutambi wechidiki Granville-Barker uye mutengesi weAedrenn. Yakanga iri panguva iyoyo iyo Shaw's mitambo yaive yakarongeka munharaunda iyi: Candida, Regai Tararame, Ona, Chimwe Chitsuwa chaJohn Bull, Murume uye Mukuru, Major Barbara uye Doctor muDilemma. Utungamiri hutsva hahuna kukanganisa uye kuonga kumitambo yaShaw, iyo nguva yakapfurikidza nekubudirira kunzwa. Ipapo Shaw akanyora zvidzidzo zvemitambo, asi dzaive dzakaoma zvikuru kune vadzidzisi. Kwemakore anoverengeka chiratidziro chakaita kuti vanhu vatsvake mitambo, uye ipapo mbiri dzakanaka dzakaonekwa dzakashamisa uye dzakashamiswa. Iyi ndiyo yaiva mitambo "Androcles neShumba" uye "Pygmalion".

Munguva Yekutanga Hondo Yenyika, Shaw zvakare akarega kuda. Akatsoropodzwa uye akatukwa, uye munyori haana kuteerera zvachose. Panzvimbo yekutsamwa uye kunetseka, akanyora mutambo, "Imba Iyo Mwoyo Yako Inoputsa." Zvino kwakauya gore ra1924, apo munyori akazozivikanwa zvakare uye aidiwa pamutambo wake "Saint John". Muna 1925, Shaw akapiwa mubairo weNobel for Literature, asi akaramba, achitarisa mubairo uyu sekureva nhema uye kusina maturo. Ikupedzisira yeShaw yakabudirira mitambo "Trolley nemaapuro". Mumakore matatu, Shaw akafamba zvakawanda. Akashanyira United States, USSR, South Africa, India neNew Zealand.

Mudzimai waShaw akafa muna 1943. Makore ekupedzisira ehupenyu hwake, Shaw akapedza muimba yakavigwa mumatunhu eHertfordshit. Akapedza kutamba kwake kwokupedzisira pazera remakore makumi mapfumbamwe nemaviri, achichengetedza kujekesa kwepfungwa dzake ndokufa musi waNovember 2, 1950.