Kupa hupenyu hwehutano hwakanyanya kune mumwe munhu, husina basa rekuita muviri, kufambira mberi kwekambaniki kwakaita joke ane utsinye naye. Mushure mokuronga kwepanguva yeNeanderthal, apo munhu wepakutanga aifanira kuwana zvokudya nekuvhima uye kuzvidzivirira panjodzi dzengozi pane imwe nhanho, kukanganisa kwemotokari yevanhu inowira zvishoma nezvishoma uye pachiratidzo "XXI century" inomira pamusoro pezera re zero. Kubva pakushaiwa kwekuita basa, musana, masangano, mapfupa, kusataura nezvemapenzi akavanzika, ayo, sezvinowanzoitwa, anowanikwa panguva inenge isingawaniki, anotambura kutanga.
Zvinonakidza kuti dzakawanda zvezvirwere zvinozivikanwa nhasi zvakasangana pamambakwedza ehupenyu. Imwe yezvinetso zvekare zvevanhu ndeye chirwere chezvibatanidzwa. Muchikamu cheNeolithic period arthrosis yezvibatanidzwa uye musana wechipfuva zvakasvika makumi maviri kubva muzana yehutachiwana hwehutano (zvichida nekuda kwekuvapo kwevanhu vepakutanga mumapako madema uye emvura, urombo uye mhuka yezvokudya, mamiriro ezvinhu asina kunaka). Kufukurwa kwakaratidza kuti vanhu vekare vaine maronda emapfupa nemajoini ane tuberculosis. Kunyanya kupararira kwakanga kuri chirwere muEgypt muBronze Age. Unyanzvi hwokurapa kuputika kwenguva refu nguva yedu isati yasarudzwa ne ... mummies: zvakaitika kuti makore 2500 AD asati asvika. e kuputsika kwakabatwa, nekucherechedza mitemo yekudzikisa zvidimbu zvemapfupa. Mukusafa "Iliad" yaHomer inonzi nezvehutano hwechiremba "kupedza miseve" kunze kwemavanga, "kubudisa ropa" nekukuvadza "ne sprinkles wechiremba." Inototaurwa nezvayo nezvemishonga inopa hutano hwemunharaunda.
Pakazosvika pakati pezana remakore rechi18, kwaive kune kakakwana zvakanotsanangurwa zvekuberekwa uye kwakagadziriswa kwehutachiona hwehutano hwevana nevakuru. Izvi zvinyorwa zvisiri izvo zvinofanira kuve zvakagadziriswa. Makore makumi mashanu isati yasvika yeFrance Revolution uye zana remakore asati awana anesthesia muParis, pasi pekunyorwa kwaNicholas Andri, purofesa wezvokurapa paRoyal College yeParis, Nicholas Andrie akabudisa bhuku rine chimiro chenguva iyoyo chakanyorwa chakanyorwa "Orthopedics, kana kuti unyanzvi hwokudzivisa nekugadzirisa kuora kwemuviri kuvana nenzira inowanikwa nebaba uye amai nevose avo vanhu vanofanira kurera vana. "
Muchirevo chekutanga, Andri anonyora kuti akawana shoko rokuti "mafiropiti" kubva pamashoko maviri echiGiriki:
orthos - "yakarurama" uye mwana - "mwana" uye kuti bhuku racho rine zvinyorwa zve "dzidzo yakakodzera yevana."
Pakutanga zvinoreva kururamisa kwekuremara kwevana, izwi rokuti "mafiropiti" rakabva raendeswa kune vanhu vakuru. Mazuva ano mapoka emapuranga ndekuparadzanisa kwemishonga inodzidza kuberekwa uye yakawana maitiro uye zvinetso zvemabasa emu musculoskeletal system uye inovandudza nzira dzekurapa uye kudzivirira.
MuRussia, masayendisiti anofambidzana nehutachiona (ivo vanoonekwa seimwe basa), asi mune dzimwe nyika dzekuMadokero vanoonekwa sevamwe mabasa akasiyana-siyana: traumatology inonzwisiswa sechirwere chekukurumidzira kushandiswa, uye mapepa emapurisa ndiko kugadziriswa kwezvikanganiso zvezvisikwa uye ... traumatology, nyanzvi.
Kurwisana nehutachiona hwezvirwere zvakakomba, taura, zvakadai sekusavhiringidza mumoyo kana mutsara, maitiro emagetsi anogara achionekwa se "hanzvadzi-zamarashkoy." Maitiro edzimhosva kune chikamu ichi chemishonga pane kungofanana. Uye pasina! Iyi inzvimbo inonyengedza, nokuti dzakawanda zvirwere zvemapfupa zvakakura kubva paudiki: torticollis, flat feet, scoliosis. Iyo nyanzvi inogona kuona kutyora kubva mumazuva okutanga ehupenyu hwomwana, uye dzimwe zvirwere, zvakadai sekuberekwa kwemazana emapfudzi, mapepa, mapfupa, kuputika kwemakumbo nemaoko anobatsira zvinoporesa zvachose muhuduku. Nokudaro, inogamuchirwa munyika yose iyo, kunze kwechiremba wevana, mwana achangoberekwa akaongororwa nechiremba wemapfupa muchipatara. Uye mune urongwa hwakagadzirirwa zvakakosha kuti mwana anoshanyira majoka emapfupa kwemwedzi mitatu.
Maitiro eOrthopedic anorwara zvikuru: mumwe munhu mukuru kamwechete kamwe muhupenyu hwake anotambura ne osteochondrosis. Kune vanhu vane mamiriyoni vane chiuru, pane chido chokudzorera chibatanidzwa. Saka, kuMoscow ine vanhu vanenge mamirioni gumi gore roga roga, zvakakosha kuita mishonga yakakura yezviuru zvitatu, izvo vasati vagara vasingafambi, uye mushure mokunge vafamba vakasununguka uye kunyange vachitamba.
Uye zvakadaro, hutano hwevanhu hunokosha uye kuti huchengetedze, unofunga kufunga nezvako uye vadiwa, avo vamunokoshesa. Zvibvunze mubvunzo iye zvino - unoda kurarama uchifara nguva dzose here? Ipapo udziye tsika dzakaipa, ubatane nemapoka evanhu vachitungamirira mararamiro akanaka.