Kune vakawanda, kusununguka kunoramba kuri chinhu chisingazivikanwi. Asi iyi ndiyo chiratidzo chikuru chehutano, manzwiro uye hutano hwehupenyu hupi. Kusagadzikana (kubva kuLatin immunitas - "kusunungurwa") zvinoreva kuchengetedza, kurasa muviri kubva kune zvakasiyana-siyana zvinopararira, zvinotengeswa zvebasa ravo rinokosha, kubva kune chepfu uye chemasero masero. Muchidimbu, kubva pane zvose zvinogona kukuvadza.
Kuchengetedzwa kweMusununguko kunomiririrwa nemitumbi chaiyo, mune dzimwe nzira iyo inofananidzwa nekudzivirira kwenyika.
Uyewo yakapatsanurwa mumarudzi akasiyana evanhu, kungoputira masangano ezvidzidzo zvehondo uye rudzi rwehurumende. Nhengo dzomuviri wechirwere chekuzvidzivirira dzakaparadzaniswa kuva nheyo (apo masero ezvirwere mumuviri "akadzidziswa") uye wechipiri (paanenge "achishanda").
Nhengo dzepamusoro ndiyo thymus uye mutsvuku wemapfupa. Iko masero makuru ekuchengeteka kwezvirwere ndea lymphocytes. Vanotumirwa kunzvimbo yepamusoro yekudzidzisa (thymus). Iri ndiro zita re "vakadzidziswa" masero - T-lymphocytes, kubva kuT (thymus), kusiyana neB-lymphocytes (kubva B-bursa), iyo inonzi chikwama chefekitari muzvinyorwa, kunyange zvazvo mumunhu basa rayo rinoitwa nemafuta matsvuku, lymphocytes inobatanidzwa mukugadzirwa kwezvirwere, mapuroteni eropa serum, izvo zvinodzivirira zvakananga muviri kubva pamakandachiona. "Kudzidzira" mumusmusmusu inotarisirwa kubudisa mune chikamu cheT-lymphocytes kukwanisa kuziva vanopinda, kusanganisira mabhakitiriya. Iyi ihurongwa hwemhando ye counterintelligence.
Kazhinji T-lymphocytes vanova vaurayi (vaurayi), vanoparadza vamiririri vemauto avo vanoongorora masero. Zvasara T-lymphocytes zvinoshandisa basa rekutungamirira: T-vabatsiri (vabatsiri) vanosimudzira kudzivirirwa, vanoziva kwete vazivo chete, asiwo vatengesi avo vakanga vari voga. Kuchinja kwakadaro kwakadai, somuenzaniso, tumarara masero. Vabatsiri vanonyorera pakati - sero rave richiberekwa zvakare, rava muvengi uye rinogona kutanga chirongwa chekuumbwa kwechirwere chekenza. Mukupindura kwechiratidzo ichi, vatongi veT-T vanotumirwa kune "mutengesi" uye vanouraya. Kunewo zvakare suppressor lymphocytes (kubva muchiChirungu ichidzivisa - "kudzivisa"), iyo inogumisa kupindurwa kwemumushure mushure mokunge vatorwa nevatengesi vasiri kushandiswa kusina maturo. Kana zvisina kudaro vaurayi vanoshandiswa vanogona kuisa kupisa ne inertia uye mahara masero.
Leukocytes yeimwe rudzi (neutrophils) inoumba mutsara wokutanga wezvidziviriro. Zvakafanana nevarindi vezvigaro ndivo ndivo vokutanga kusangana nevasingazivi vemapatigenic, kusanganisira iyo microorganisms uye mavairasi anopinda mucous membrane kana muganda. "Zvigaro zvevarindi" zvinoshambidzawo zvakakonzerwa uye zvakakuvadzwa pamusoro pamasero akafira muhondo isina kukodzera nemishonga, uyewo kubva ku "erythrocyte" yekare. Zvichida munhu wose anzwa nezve interferon, iyo ikozvino, chaizvo, inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muzvirwere zvehutachiona. Chii chinonzi interferon? Icho chizere chema molecular weight protein zvine antitiviral properties. Inotanga kubudisa masero ane utachiona. Interferon inoderedza kuwedzera kwemavirisi mumasero, uye inotora masero asina kusununguka uye haarege vanhu kunze vachienda ikoko. Kune marudzi eukochocytes (eosinophils) anogona kuita chikamu pakuparadzwa kwezvipembenene zvinokonzera muviri, uyewo mune zvinokonzera zvirwere. Vanodanawo vamwe varume kuti vabatsire, uye naizvozvo nhamba yavo muropa inowedzera.
Sekondari nhengo dzekudzivirira ndidzo, spleen, lymph nodes, toni, adenoids, appendix, lymphatic follicles. Ivo, semasero ezvidziviriro pachavo, anopararira mumuviri wose. Izvi ndezvinyorwa zvisinganzwisisiki nezvemajeri ezvirwere. Asi ivo vachatibatsira kuti tinzwisise mabhuku anozivikanwa nezvehutano uye tinonzwisisa kuti tingasimbise sei kudzivirira kwavo pachavo, ivo pachavo, kunyanya vana.
Probiotics uye prebiotics
Mamwe marudzi emakemikari (lactococci, enterococci, micrococci, bifidobacteria) anochengetedza muviri wedu kubva pamigumisiro yakaipisisa yemirasiyo, makemikari anokuvadza uye makemikari. Pachikonzero chemaitiro emakiromita aya, masayendisiti akasika biologics yekuvandudza kwepachiviri microflora nemishonga yerapautic-prophylactic yemukaka. Ivo vanonzi probiotics. Kutaura zvazviri, tsika idzi dzehutachiona dzakakosha, dzinotumirwa kuti dzigadzire masango matsva mumatumbo. Mishonga inobatsira inochengetedza muviri kubva kune vanhu vasingazivi. Kugadzirira kukuru kwakagadzirwa zvino, izvo zvinosanganisira zviviri zvinoshanda uye zvinhu zvinokurudzira kukura kwavo. Zvinhu zvakadaro zvinonzi prebiotics. Izvi zvinosanganisira fiber fiber, pectins, enzyme uye mavhithamini ega, uyewo polysaccharides uye mapuroteni. Vanodanwa kuti vave nemamiriro ezvinhu akanaka kune vavakoroni, kuvabatsira kuti vawane nzvimbo munzvimbo itsva uye vave vagari vomunharaunda munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzomukumbo. Zvinhu izvi zvinobatsira zvikuru, prebiotics, hazviwani zvakakwana mune zvakanyanya zvakanatswa, zvakagadzirira-kudya-kudya, zvakadai se porridges zvenguva pfupi uye zvishoma, mbatata yakashambadza, jellies, jisi. Zvigadzirwa zvakanatswa zvakanaka chete kune vacheche, avo vane chirwere chekudya zvinongogadzirwa uye havakwanisi kurarama nekufananidzwa kwezvokudya zvepanyama zvakakwana. Zvikwereti zvezvinhu zvose izvi zvinobatsira zvinyorwa uye zvinhu (probiotics uye prebiotics) zvinoshandiswa mukugadzirisa mazai emukaka akaviriswa uye ivo vanobva kune kefirbiobalanses, zvinwiwa nezvinomera zvezvirimwa zvemarudzi akasiyana, nezvimwewo. Zvinodhaka (pharmacy) kugadzirira mapurobiyuta zvinoshandiswa maererano nemirairo yechiremba ye dysbacteriosis, uye mazai emukaka-mucheki akazogadziriswa nemitambo yemakiriniki inobatsirawo kuvana vane utano hwakanaka kuti varambe vakanyatsogadzirwa "kwemukati".
MaProteins Builders
Ngwarira: zvinhu zvose zvemuviri wezvirwere zvezvirwere zvinopinda muviri. Nokudaro, nokuda kwekuvakwa kwavo zvakakosha kuisa mapuroteni emiti muzvokudya zvekudya.
Mapuroteni ezvokudya anofanira kunge akazara, ane chizere chakakwana chemamino acid.
Nyama iyi, mukaka nemichero yekurai, mazai, hove. Chii chinoitika kana mwana akapiwa mishonga panzvimbo yezvisikwa zvenyama, mangwana panzvimbo yekottage cheese - glazed cheese, zuva rinotevera mangwana panzvimbo yehove-chibereko chinonzi hove inobvisa nyama tsitsi? Zvinonzwisisika, kushaya kwezvinhu zvekuvaka zvezvinhu zvinoshandisa kudzivirirwa kwekudzivirira muviri, zvichachinja simba ravo.
Kudzivirira mwana
Kuvhiringidzika kwehupenyu hwemwana kune hutachiona kwakaonekwa kwenguva refu. "Upenyu hwomwana ari pasi pemakore manomwe huri kutenderedzwa nehurukuro," vakadaro kare kare, zvechokwadi, munyika yezvino mamiriro ezvinhu akachinja zvikuru.
Munguva dzenguva yekubuda kwehutachiona hwekudzivirira utachiona hutachiona, tora decoction yembwa yakasimuka zuva nezuva! Mariri, kuwedzera kune vitamini C, kunewo beta-carotene inokosha zvikuru, uye provitamin A.