Matanho ekutanga ekudzivirira pamuviri
Zvizhinji zvezvipamuviri zvepakutanga zvakanyanya hazvigadzirwi. Nokudaro, nhamba dzinosuruvarisa dzinotevera: 70% yekudzivirira haina kuberekwa, kuguma nekubvisa pamuviri (kazhinji-nguva, nguva dzekupedzisira), 15% - masimba, uye 15% chete - kubereka. Uye hafu yevana vanoberekwa nevechiri kuyaruka vanopinda mumhuri, vamwe vanoramba vakasiyiwa mudzimba dzomwana.
Mimba ipi inofungidzirwa kare?
Kuberekwa kunonzi "kutanga" kana "kuyaruka" kana zvichiitika mumusikana ari kuyaruka muboka rakaderera remakore gumi nemasere kusvika ku18. Vasikana vemazera ano vanowanzotanga kurarama hukama hwepedyo chete kuti vaite se "hapana kukunda kupfuura vamwe", uye kupararira kwepabonde hakusi iyo yekupedzisira pano. Kuongororwa kwakaratidza kuti chetatu chevechiri kuyaruka vanoita zvepabonde vanoshandisa kondomu munguva yekuita zvepabonde, chimwe chikamu chechitatu - kushandiswa kunopesana kwepabonde, uye vamwe vose havana kudzivirirwa zvachose. Inenge 5% yevasikana vekuchikoro vakarongerwa vakatotanga kutora pamuviri.
Ndeipi ngozi yekuzvitakura kwevechiri kuyaruka?
The Psychological Aspect
Kazhinji vechidiki havaoni kubata pamuviri munguva yekutanga. Vanodzidza nezvemamiriro avo ezvinhu nekunonoka kukuru. Ichokwadi, yekutanga kutanga inzwi yekunyadziswa, manzwiro ekutya, kushamiswa, kunyanya mhosva, kuvhiringidzika. Musikana wacho haadi kubvuma zvakaitika, anotya, ari kunetseka. Pazera remakore, chaizvoizvo, achiri mwana, zvakaoma kurarama nechinetso chekugumburwa uye rutivi rwepfungwa. Pano zvakanyanya zvinoenderana nemamiriro evechiri kuyaruka uye ukama hwake nevabereki vake. Vamwe vanowira mukuderera zvakadzama, vamwe - vari kumirira imwe rudzi rwe "chishamiso", umo zvose zvichagadziriswa pachavo.
Musikana haakwanisi kuzvisarudzira kuti aite sei nehutachiwana. Pamberi pawo pane mubvunzo wakaoma uye unotyisa wekusarudza - kukanganisa pamuviri kana kuchengeta? Ndokusaka zvakakosha kuti nemusikana achiri kuyaruka kune munhu anonzwisisa, anokwanisa kutsigira nekubatsira. Haisi nguva imwe chete yevabereki (zvinosuruvarisa) - izvi zvinogona kuva iwe mudzidzisi wako waunofarira kana amai vekunakidza shamwari yako. Mumwe munhu anofanira kumubatsira kutsungirira kuora mwoyo uye kutora munhu mukuru.
Physiological aspect
Nzira yekudzivirira achiri muduku haisi kusiyaniswa nemhando ipi neipi inokosha kubva pamuviri wemukadzi mukuru. Uye iyi ndiyo ngozi yake. Ikoko kune nzira inotevera: iduku yezera ramangwana, rinowedzera dambudziko rezvinetso uye kuvapo kwehutano mumwana pamwe chete.
Njodzi yemusikana wechidiki ane pamuviri:
1. Kuvapo kweanemia (kuderera kwe hemoglobin muropa);
2. Kuwedzera kwehutachiona (kukura muropa);
3. Kutanga uye kunotyisa-kureva kusvika kudivi;
4. Preeclampsia;
5. Kushaya kuwanda panguva yekuzvitakura (nekuda kwekudya kusina kunaka, mararamiro asina kunaka);
6. Mharidzo yepamusoro (nemhaka yekukundikana mukugadzirwa kwehomoni);
7. Kutyisa kokuparara;
8. Kutyisidzira kuberekwa nguva isati yakwana;
9. Kuvapo kwezvinetso pakuberekwa - kuvharirwa kwechirwere, kudiwa kwechikamu chechiesarea (zvichienderana nekliniki shoma yemapanga);
Ngozi yemwana:
1. Chirwere chinotanga kusununguka (kuberekwa kwepakutanga kunoitika, kunowedzera njodzi dzezvinetso zvekuberekwa nemaonero, kufema, kudya uye kuwedzera kwemuviri);
2. Kurema kwechecheche (2, 5-1, 5 kg);
3. Kuvapo kwe-intrauterine hypoxia ye fetus;
4. Ngozi yekukuvara kwekuzvarwa;
5. Kusakwanisa kutakudza mazamu (nekuda kwekushayikwa kwechikonzero cheamai vanoyaruka);
6. Kutyisidzika kwekuvhara mumagariro uye mupfungwa.
Zvakawanda zvezvinetso izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti vechidiki vanenge vasati vava muviri mumuviri, muviri wavo hauna kunyatsoumbwa uye hauna kutanga kune chidimbu chinodiwa. Kakawanda kacho pamuviri pazera remakore gumi nemakumi manomwe nemakumi matatu nemashanu hazvifurwi, kudya kwakakodzera uye mufambiro hazvionekwi, izvo zvinotungamirira kumatambudziro amai nevana.
Kufanana kwevanhu
Imwe musikana ane pamuviri anowanzosangana nekutenda uye kutsoropodza. Nokudaro, pakutanga anotya kubvuma zvakaitika pakutanga kune vabereki vake, uye anoramba ari oga nedambudziko. Nemhaka yehutano hwepakutanga, musikana dzimwe nguva anofanira kusiya chikoro, nokudaro achigumisa dzidzo yeramangwana, mikana yekuzvizadzisa uye basa.
Kudzivirira zvinetso zvepamuviri pazera remakore
Musikana ane pamuviri ane hutano ane kodzero uye anosungirwa munzvimbo yake yekuwana rubatsiro rwakakodzera panguva yakajeka yeyanyanzvi (kunyora kunyoresa nemudzimai wegynecologist) uye kutsigira kwevamwe (baba vomwana, hama, vanachiremba, nezvimwewo). Chero munyaya iyi mukana wekutakura uye kubereka mwana ane utano hwakanyanya kuwedzerwa.
Uyewo, kudzivirira zvinogona kuitika panguva yekuberekwa ndiko kufambira mberi (masvondo maviri asati asvika zuva rakakodzera) kugarwa kwechidiki musikana ane pamuviri muDhipatimendi reHIV kuchipatara chemukati. Pachava nedzidzo yekugadzirira kurasimbisa, uye musikana achawana rubatsiro rwakakodzera panguva iyo kuberekwa kunotangira mberi.
Kudzivirira kubata pamuviri
1. Kuchengeta ukama hwekuvimba nevechiri kuyaruka, izvo zvinosanganisira kukurukurirana kwakanyanyisa pamisoro "inorambidzwa",
2. Sangano rekudzidzisa zvepabonde kwevechiri kuyaruka kuchikoro, kutarisa mafirimu, kuitisa hurukuro pamusoro wehupenyu hwepabonde, nzira dzekudzivirira uye kubata pamuviri,
3. Kupa ruzivo rwakakwana uye rwakasiyana-siyana nezvemazuva ano ekudzivirira kubata pamuviri (inoda kuzvidzidzisa kwevabereki pachavo).
Yeuka kuti musikana achiri kuyaruka nguva dzose ane mukana wose wekubereka mwana ane utano. Nzira yakarurama yehupenyu uye kucherechedza kwekutanga kune chiremba ndicho chinhu chinokosha pakugadzirisa kwakanaka kwekuita pamuviri.