Poinsettia isiti yakakura chaizvo. Mune vanhu vanhu simiti iyi yainzi "nyeredzi yeKrisimasi", izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti inotanga kubuda muna December, manheru eCrisimasi.
Vakatanga kugadzirisa poinsettia vaiva maAztec uye vakaidana kuti cuetlaxochitl. Muto wakachena we poinsettia Aztecs anoshandiswa mukurwisa fever. Uye zvitsvuku zvakatsvuka zvakaita semucheka wenyama yezvishongo uye kunyange zvezvipfeko.
MuUnited States, mashizha akaisvonaka akadzidziswa nekuda kwekushingaira kwa JR Poinssett, uyo aiva bhodanhau uye chiremba (1779-1851). Poinsett akanga ari muMexico muna 1828, uye ikoko akatanga kuona poinsettia uye akabva atumira dzimwe sampu kuSouth Carolina kumapurisa ake, uko akatanga kutora samples pamusana pokusvika uye akatumirwa kunzvimbo dzebindu. Mukugadzirwa kwemabhizimisi, simiti yakawira muna 1830 uye mushure mechinguva yakava chimiro chakakurumbira chinonzi poinsettia (poinsettia). MuAmerica, pane tsika yekutenga Poinsettia yeKrisimasi, kubva ipapo tsika iyi yakatamirwa kuEurope.
Zvikamu zvekutarisira.
Indoor plants: poinsettia inokura zvakanaka muchiedza chakajeka, pasina kutonhora kwezuva. Nokuda kwezhizha, zviri nani kutora muti wacho kuti uzarure mhepo itsva (kumunda, kubhandi), asi kutarisirwa kunofanira kutorwa kunodzivirira simiti kubva kumashizha, kutonhora, zuva ravira. Kana pasina chikonzero chekutora poinsettia kumhepo itsva, imba yacho inofanira kunge ichigara yakachena. Kubva pakuguma kweSeptember, tinofanira kutarisira hurumende yekutisa uye Poinsettia ichatumbuka neNyika Idzva. Kana ichangotanga kusviba, muti wacho unofanirwa kuvharwa nejasi re polyethylene (chiedza hachifaniri kupinda mukati maro), asi mangwanani chete. Nokudaro, nguva "yerima" inofanira kunge inenge maawa 12 pazuva, asi kwete maawa 14. Iyi hurumende inofanirwa kuchengetwa kwemavhiki masere, mushure mokunge iwe unogona kudzokera kunowanzochengetwa. Mwenje unogara kwenguva refu unodzivisa kuumbwa kwemafuta, asi inowedzera kukura kwemashizha. Inenge mavhiki matatu mushure mekunge "nguva yakaoma" yakadai, maruva acho anoumbwa pamuti. Kana poinsettia uye uchiramba uine mumamiriro aya, tanga kutumbuka bracts yakajeka.
Mazai anoitika panguva yechando, panguva iyo kutonhora kunofanira kunge kunenge 14-16 degrees. Asi munguva yekuzorora poinsettia inofanira kuva mune imwe imba ine kutonhora kwezvidhigiri 14. Mune nguva yose, nguva yakakwana yekushisa iri 18-25 degrees.
Kunwisa kunofanira kunge kwakawanda, sezvo nzvimbo yepamusoro yevhu ichioma. Mumwaka wechando, kudiridza kunononoka, ivhu rinofanira kugara rakanyorova, saka usanyanya kudarika uye kupfuura-moisten.
Nguva yekuzorora mu poinsettia inotaurwa. Kana imwe tsvina yawa, muti wacho unopinda muzororo shomanana, iyo inotora inenge mwedzi miviri. Munguva iyi, kunwisa kunofanira kuderedzwa, asi kwete kubvumira kupedzisa kwekupedzisira kwe substrate. Chirimwa munguva iyi chiri nani kuva ne12-14 degrees uye pakakwirira zvakakwana mumhepo. Kana dzimba idzi dzichikura, zvinokosha kuti ugare uchitsvaira mashizha, mvura inodziya (inononoka).
Kuti utange kuzaruka mushure mekuzorora, poinsettia inotanga kukura, zvakakosha kutarisira kudya nguva dzose, kureva, kufudza mineral fertilizer munguva yechando-yekuvhuvhu nguva kwevhiki mbiri.
Replant Poinsettia michero inogona kutanga gore negore. MunaMarch, mashizha anofanira kutemwa kusvika ku3 1/3 ndokuisa munzvimbo inotonhora pahwindo nezuva rakawanda. Mushure mekugadzira, itsvo nhatu kusvika shanu dzakasimba dzinofanira kuramba dziri patsika. Mvura panguva ino unoda mvura shoma. Mushure mokunge mashizha aonekwa, simiti inofanira kuendeswa muhari, iyo inokosha inofanira kuva yakakura kudarika kare. Nyika inofanira kunge yakanyanyisa (pH = 6). Iwe unogona kutora denga rinotevera: ivhu-turf pasi (zvikamu zvitatu), pepa (2 zvikamu), jecha (1 chikamu) uye peat (1 chikamu). Mvura yakanaka inofanira kudiwa. Mushure mokunge ichizadza, simiti inoiswa munzvimbo inotonhora, mushure mokunge inotanga kuva yakawanda yakasvibiswa uye inodirirwa. Pashure penguva, mashanga matsva anotanga kuumbwa, ayo ma 5-6 akasimba akasimba anofanira kusara, mamwe anofanira kubviswa. Kutora majeka kunogona kushandiswa sezvidimbu zvekuberekwa.
Kuita kuti gwenzi riite sekanaka uye rakagadzikana, unofanira kutarisa uye usabvumira kuti shina dzikure dzakashama uye dzakare. Kana, mushure mezvose, izvi zvinoitika, ipapo mashizha anofanira kuderedzwa zvakare zvakare.
Poinsettia - michero inobereka nemaapical cuttings mugore. Ikoko yakagadzirirwa inofanirwa kuva ne 5 internodes. Paunocheka tsvina, rekotekari inowanikwa - jisi yemamera, iyo inofanira kubviswa nepepa rinodzima, uye iyo yakadururwa inodururwa nemarara anopwanyika. Nekubudiswa kwakakwana kwerexisi, shini inowanikwa mumvura inotonhorera kwenguva pfupi, uye chete ndiyo yakafukidzwa nemarasha. Izvi zvinodzivirira cuttings kubva pakuora, nokuti latex inosunungura midziyo, nokudaro kudzivirira kuporesa kwe "vanga", kunze kweiyo kunogona kukonzera zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana. Zvikwangwani zvinotanga midzi mumusana wemvura yakadzika (peat uye jecha, inotorwa munzvimbo imwechete) kana mumvura. Kuchekesa zviri nani zvakadzika midzi, unogona kushandisa kukurudzira. Munguva iyi, kutonhora kunofanira kuva ma 24-28 digrii, chigadziko nemucheka chinofanira kuva nguva dzose ichidzivirira uye yakasvibiswa. Mushure memwedzi, midzi inooneka uye zvadaro majaya maduku anogona kudhindwa muhokwe duku. Kana mbeu yacho yakakura kubva pakatemwa, zvino inofanira kutemerwa kubatanidza zviri nani.
Zvimwe zvinetso.
- Kunwisa mvura, uyewo kusashaya kwemafuro, pamwe nekushaiwa kwechiedza, zvinotungamirira pakuoma kwemashizha, uye zvichida kusvika pakuwa kwavo.
- Kushanda kwakadzika kana kusungira kunotungamirira ku kurasikirwa kwemashizha, pasina zviratidzo zvekuputika kunoonekwa.
- Mhepo inopisa, yakaoma inokonzera kuti inflorescences iwire, uye mativi emashizha anoshanduka akachena kana kuti mavara.
- Yakaora: thrips, mealybug, spider mite.