MuSouth neCentral America, kune marudzi anenge 170 een genre Ehmeya, iyo ndeyemhuri ye bromeliads. Zita re ehmey rinobva pashoko rechiGiriki rokuti aechme, iro rinoshandurwa rinoreva "chidimbu chepamusoro", iyo inogona kunge inoratidza bhakts rakakosha. Ekhmeya inokura munharaunda nekunaya kuchinjwa mumamiriro ekushisa uye inonzi yakaoma yakaoma.
Ehmeya inyika yezvirimwa uye epiphytes, iyo inongogadzirisa midzi yakasimwa mbeu. Mashizha emhando iyi ane michero pamiganhu - iyi yemhando yakasiyana nedzimwe mhando dze bromeliads.
Mashizha ehmey aya akasiyana-siyana kana asingasviki, akachena-mbatya kana akaoma, akabatanidzwa pamativi ose, mune zvinyorwa zvinonzi-funnels. Kubva paRosette, yakasimba yemaruva inobhururuka inobviswa, iyo inobata musoro unoplorescence pakuguma kwayo. Miti yacho ine pfupi pfupi. Miti yacho ine mararamiro akasiyana-siyana emhando dze inflorescences, pamwe nemaruva ega. Mhando dzose dze ehmey dzakagadziridza chinhu-chakajeka, ruvara-ruvara ruvara rwebracts nemashizha. Chibereko cheEhmeya ibheri. Ruva rinoputika rosette kamwe chete, naizvozvo mushure mekunge maruva atanga kufa.
Vamwe vamiririri vemagariro aya vari kurongedza miti yakanaka yakave yakakurumbira mumutauro. Kuzivikanwa kwakaitwa nenyaya yokuti zviri nyore kutarisira ehmeys, iyo isingagoni kutaurwa pamusoro pezhinji bromeliads.
Zvikamu zvekutarisira.
Lighting. Ehmeyam inoda chiedza chakawanda, nyore nyore kutengesa maziso akajeka ezuva, asi mu penumbra, zvakare, inogona kukura zvakanaka. Nzvimbo yakanakisisa yokukura ndiyo mahwindo anotarisana nechezasi-kumabvazuva uye kumaodzanyemba-kumavirazuva. Pamahwindo anotarisana nechokumaodzanyemba, muzhizha inofanirwa kuita shave nyore kubva kumazuva ezuva. Muzhizha, imba ye ehmeya iri nani kuti isapinda mumba, asi kuti iite nebhokisi, asi chimiro chinofanira kutanga chinoshandiswa kuchiedza chezuva. Uyezve, kupindwa muropa kwechimbichimbi kuchadikanwa kana muti wacho watenge watenge watengwa, kwenguva refu uri mu penumbra kana kuti mazuva mashoma emamiriro ekunze.
Ehmya inopenya ndeyezvipenyu zvinoda kuvigwa kubva kune zuva.
Mune mhando dzine makanda ane mashizha akaoma, kunyanya mu ehmeya yakavezwa, nehupamhi hwemhepo nemumvuri, ruvara rwemashizha rinotanga kuchinja. Zvinosvibirira uye zvisingakoshi. Chimiro ehmeya chinoda kuva nechiedza chakawanda uye zvishoma.
Kupisa kwehutongi. Muzhizha, iyo inokurudzirwa kutaridzika kwezviri mukati ndeye 20-27 degrees. Muchando inokurudzirwa kuchengeta pa14-18 degrees. Kutonhora kwakadzika munguva yechando kunobatsira kuumbwa kwezvinyorwa. Miti yacho ine nguva yekuzorora - inogona kunge iri pfupi kana kuti isipo.
Ehmya inoyevedza, kusiyana nevamwe vamiririri vorudzi rumwe chete, inofanira kuchengetwa muimba ine kutonhora kwakakwirira. Kusiyanisa masikati uye usiku hwekushisa kwema air ehemeya kutumira. Imwe nzvimbo iyo eshma iri kukura inoda kugara ichidzivirira. Iyo ehmya inotonhora kuti kupera kwemhepo inogara kwenguva refu.
Kunwisa. Kunwisa mumwaka wezhizha kunowanzodiwa, mvura inodziya, zvichida yakanyorova. Chokutanga, mvura inodururwa mu rosettes yemashizha, ipapo substrate pachayo inonwisa. Kungoerekana kuomeswa kusina kubata kwe substrate hakuiti kuti kuve nekukuvadza kunokonzerwa nemuti, kukuvadza kwenguva yakareba kuoma kwepasi.
Muchikwata, imba ino inofanira kudirirwa kashoma, uye munguva yechando, uye chero nguva kuderedza kusvika zvishoma, pane dzimwe nguva unoda kusvibisa chimiro nemvura inodziya, asi chirongwa chinofanira kunge chakaoma panguva imwe chete. Pamberi penguva yekuzorora kubva kune imwe nzvimbo inofanira kudirwa mvura. Uyezve, mvura inosanganiswa mushure mekuyerera, hakufaniri kuva nemvura mumunda, zvisati zvaitika muti unotanga kuora!
Humidity of air. Ehmeys anonzwa zvakanaka pamvura yakakwirira, asi anogona kutakura mhepo yakaoma muimba. Kuti uchengete hunyoro hwemhepo, unogona kuputira simiti nekumira mvura, kana iwe unogona kuisa mubhodhoro we echmea pane imwe tsanga ine ruvara runyoro. Mvura mupani inogona kusvika pakadzika kwehari.
Top dressing. Dyyisa simiti masvondo maviri maviri nemvura yakaoma yakawanda. Mumwaka wechando, fertilizing inoitika vhiki nhanhatu.
Flowering. Munhu wose anoziva kuti michero yemaritisi nemaapuro akaibva anotumira ethylene gas, iyo inokurudzira bromeliads kuti iumbe maruva. Nokudaro, zvinokurudzirwa kuisa mupurasitiki yepurasitiki ehmeyu uye maapuro mashomanana akaibva, nekuisunga pamusoro (kwete chete zvakasimba) saka tibata muti wacho kwemavhiki maviri. Mushure mekunge "nzira" yakadai, ejmeya ichakura pashure pemwedzi mina.
Transplantation. Iwe unogona kutora ehmeyu gore negore. Pakati pekutsvaga, bvisa mabheti akadzikisa. Substrate inokodzera yekugadziriswa: fibro-peat uye nyika yakaoma (yakatorwa muzvikamu zviviri), jecha (1 chikamu chakatorwa). Ehmeya zvakanaka humus pasi (compost), yakasanganiswa nenyika yakasarudzwa uye yakasvibiswa (yakatorwa mumutengo wakafanana), pamwe nekuwedzerwa kweha shards uye jecha rakakodzerwa.
Kubereka. Nyoka isirimwa inobereka vana nembeu. Imwe nzira inogamuchirwa yekuberekazve inobereka vana.
Scions yemurimi unoparadzaniswa munaMarch, nokuti panguva ino vana vanoumba nyore midzi uye vane mavara akanaka. Nzvimbo dzezvidimbu, sekutonga, zvinosaswa nemafuta emarara, izvi zvinodzivirira kuora kwemuti. Substrate inokodzera yekuberekwa nevana: fibrous-peat uye nyika yakaoma (2 chikamu chimwe nechimwe), jecha (1 chikamu). Iwe unogonawo kushandisa shanduko yemumwechete we humus, yakasimwa sphagnum, nyika ine mashizha. Muchirevo ichi, unoda kuwedzera chimwe chevhu rakaputsika nejecha.
Mbeu dzinofanira kudyarwa muvhu peaty yakavhurika, kana mu sphagnum. Mbeu inoda kutonhora kwakakura kwema22 degrees, kusvika pakuchengetedza mvura yakakwirira, mukudzivirirwa kubva kumasikati, mukudiridza kwakakwana. Mwedzi mitatu gare gare michero inopa michero inoshandiswa muvhu inosanganiswa yakasanganiswa kubva kune imwe nzvimbo ye heath nyika uye mashizha. Mushure meizvi, zvakakosha kuti urambe uchichengetedza kutonhora kwema20 degrees, asi kwete pasi, spray nemvura. Mushure megore rimwe chete, muti unodonhedzwa muvhu kune vanhu vakuru.
Precautions.
Mashizha emakumbo ehmey ane zvishoma uye ane chepfu, saka kuputika kweganda kunogoneka.
Matambudziko anogona kuonana.
Brown mashizha. Chikonzero chacho chinogona kutonhora kupisa kwezvakagadzirwa, kuora kwemuti.
Iyi mhando yemiti inobata hove, midzi inokonzera, nhovo inobatwa.