Zita ramakamellia genus rakapiwa mukukudza mutungamiri weMoravia uye mutori wenyika G. Camelius (makore ehupenyu: 1881 kusvika 1706). Akanga ari iye wokutanga kuunza muti uyu kubva kuPhilippines kusvika kuEurope.
Mhando dzakasiyana dzemakamellias dzakawana kuparadzirwa kwakawanda sechinyakare chishongo chemavara, maruva. Indoor plants - camellia maruva anoshandiswa kupfekedza mukati, pakushambadza mahara mumapaki, minda, magirasi.
Muimba yemamiriro ezvinhu camellias bloom uye anogona kubereka michero nekuchengetedza zvakanaka. Kamerilia yakaoma kukura, kana ichikura pamba muimba, chiedza chiduku, kutonhora kwakadzika, kutonhora kwepamusoro uye ivhu, izvo zvisingakodzeri kuti chimiro chacho chiumbwe. Camellia inogona kubuda kunyange munguva yechando, asi kutonhora hakupfuri madigiri gumi nemaviri. Miti yacho inokura kwenguva refu - kusvika kumwedzi mitatu. Rimwe ruzha rinogona kupedza kusvika masvondo mana. Camellia, inokura sekamuri tsika, inoratidzika nenguva 2 yekukura kwayo. Kubva munaFebruary matsva matsva anotanga kusungwa, uye mumazuva ezhizha vegetative buds inoumbwa. Vachazotanga kukura mushure mokunge maruva-mumwedzi yegore inotevera.
Camellia: kusiya.
Camellia - maruva anoda chiedza chakajeka, asi akaparadzana. Vari nani kukura pamahwindo kubva kumabvazuva nekumavirira kumativi. Kana iyo iyo yakaiswa pawindo rekumaodzanyemba, ipapo camellia inofanira kunge yakasvibiswa kubva pachiedza. Kune rumwe rutivi rwokuchamhembe, simiti haina chiedza chakakwana, uye haichazokwanisi kukura kazhinji. Kuti udzivise humwe-hutsika hwekorona, simiti inofanira kunge dzimwe nguva ichinje kuedza. Asi izvi hazvikwanisi kuitwa kana nzira yekusvitsa iri kuenderera mberi. Kana iwe uchivhiringidza camellia panguva ino, inogona kubvisa mapfundo. Muzhizha, camellia inofanira kuiswa pamhepo, asi nzvimbo yacho inofanira kudzivirirwa kubva pakatarisa zuva.
Zvirimara zvejenus iri muzhizha uye gore zvinosarudza kutonhora kwema 20-25 degrees. Kutanga kukura maruva, hutongi hwehurumende haufaniri kuwira pasi pe 21 gr. Kana iri nguva yemaruva (December-February), kutonhora kunofanira kuva anenge 10 degrees. Asi kana yakakwirira, ipapo camellia ichabukira mberi, asi maruva acharasikirwa nehutano, asi budhu dzinogona kunyange kuwira. Zuva rakajeka rezuva uye kutonhora kwemaseri 8 - kwete chipingamupinyi pakuisa maruva. Camellia inofanirwa kuti mweya mutsva urambe uchiyerera.
Muzhizha, ngamera inofanira kunge yakanyatsodiridza, kazhinji uye yakawanda, asi tinofanira kuve nechokwadi chokuti hatizadziri muti. Muchando, apo zvinyorwa zvekamera zvinopinda muhurumende inotonhorera, inwa mvura zvinyoro, kuti urege kusveta substrate. Kana izvi zvikaitika, mashizha acho achava mavara, uye mapfundo acho achawa. Kana ukashuva kuoma ivhu muhari, simiti icharasa mashizha. Zvakashata kana pane zvakawanda zve calcium mumvura.
Camellia inoda humidity yakakwirira mumhepo. Zvirimwa zvinofanira kugara zvichisaswa uye kuisa peasi pamatombo akaoma kana kuwedzerwa ivhu. Kana bindu racho richibhururuka, rinofanirwa kushandiswa zvakanyatsonaka, kuitira kuti mvura irege kuwira pamusoro pemafuta.
Rimwe chete mumazuva 21 iyo camellia inofanirwa kudyidzwa nemamineral fertilizer (1glitre).
Kuti muti wacho uve nehutano hwepfungwa yakagadziriswa, chirongwa chemaawa gumi nemaviri uye kutonhora kwemadigiri makumi maviri anodiwa. Kana iyo michero iri murima uye pakadzika kutonhora, maruva acho haazoiswa.
Painoyerera munaDecember, ngamera inofanira kuchengetwa pamasendimita gumi. Kana kutonhora kwakakwirira, kutanga kwemvura kunogona kuitika, iyo inenge ichikanganisa kunaka kwemaruva uye hukuru hwavo. Mabheji anogona kunyange kuwira. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichocho, usasunungura simiti kune imwe nzvimbo panguva ino.
Mune nguva kubva munaOctober kusvika kumazuva okutanga aNovember, zvakakosha kudonha mamwe mashizha kuitira kuti kukurudzire kukura kwemafuta axillary emuti.
Chimiro chiduku chinofanira kuiswa gore negore. Camellia, iyo inotumbuka gore roga roga, inofanira kuendeswa pane imwe pikiti kamwe chete kwemakore emakore. Ita izvi mukati megore. Ikoko pamusoro pemiti inofanira kubudiswa kuitira kuti muti unotanga kushanda zvakanaka. Kune camellias, ivhu rine huwandu hwehuwandu hwe acidity (kusvika kune 5) inodiwa.
Kana uchienzanisa kamellia nedzimwe mbeu dzepasi, ikamera rine maitiro akasiyana-siyana okukura uye kunzwa zvakanaka kune ivhu re acid acid (pH - pasi pemakumi mana). Iyo substrate yemiti inogona kuva yakagadzirwa (1h.), Peat (2h), heath (2h) marudzi evhu uye chikamu chejecha. Indoor mbeu dzinokura mumabhati dzinofanira kuiswa pane zvishoma, asi pasi rinofanira kuiswa nguva nenguva. Pasi inofanira kunge yakarongwa zvakanaka.
Kuberekwa kwekamera.
- Mbeu itsva;
- Cuttings.
Apo inopararira nembeu, inofanira kudyarwa muhote dzakadzika (kusvika kune 7 cm), uye ipapo, nechitarisiko chemafiro echipiri, - diira muhari huru.
Kana chinangwa chiri kukura mbeu dzakasiyana-siyana, saka inofanira kuparadzirwa nemichero, nokuti mbeu inowedzera zvose zvinoshandiswa zvezvikara zvakarasika. Varimi vemizambiringa vanokoshesa varietal camellias, saka vanowanzoparidzirwa nekubatsira kwezvigucheka.
Nekupararira kwemhando dzakasiyana siyana dzekamellia, cuttings dzinotorwa, dzisina kuwana nguva yekukura chiedza, ndezvepical. Kureba kwavo kunofanira kunge kunenge masendimita masere, kutonhora kwevhu - 24 degrees. Izvo zvinoparadzirwa mukateti munaJuly naJanuary. Nyika yehutema inofanira kusanganisira jecha, peat (muchikamu). Zvidimbu zvinofanira kuva kusvika kusvika 5 mashizha akabudirira. Cuttings inofanira kutora midzi mukati memwedzi miviri. Vanofanirwa kupinzwa uye kunwa mvura. Vasati vadyara, vakapa nguva yakareba yekurota kwavo, vanogona kunge vakanyoroveswa mubvunzo we heteroauxin. Kana matanda acho akadzika midzi, anofanirwa kudyarwa muhari, kusvika kune masendimita makumi manomwe kumusoro. Nyika inofanira kusanganisira jecha, mashizha pasi, sod, peat marudzi. Mushonga unofanirwa kuitwa pamutemo wegore negore kana biennial, uye unogona kuitwa pamucheka wekare wakadzika midzi. Kudiridza kunofanira kuve kwakakura, uyezve, kubvarura huni, kudiridza nekukurumidza.
Mhando dzisingatori midzi dzinofanira kuwedzerwa nekubatanidza. Ita izvi munaJanuary pamwe nekubatsirwa kwetsvo dzakagadzirwa kubva kumusoro kwemafuro. Vaccination inofanira kuchengetedzwa pamusana wekushisa kwemadhigirii makumi maviri. Vanofanira kukura mumwedzi inoverengeka. Zvitsva zviduku zvekamera zvinofanira kunwa mvura, kusaswa, pritenyat, kubvisa zvakanyanya kudhonza. Mugore rechipiri, camellias inofanira kuendeswa muhari, kusvika ku11 cm yakakwirira.
Apo gore rechitatu remitambo rinosvika, muti unofanirwa kuendeswa muhari, kusvika kusvika masendimita 14 kubva kumusoro. Muchiitiko ichi, nyika inofanira kunge yakanyorwa sod, peat, pepa, heath types (2 zvikamu chimwe nechimwe) uye rimwe rutivi rwejecha.
Miti yacho inogona kukuvadza tsandanyama, iyo inogona kurapwa nekubatsira kwegadziriro yakagadzirirwa.