Inema ndiyo nzira yekuiswa kwemvura muchikamu chechikonzero chechinangwa chekuongororwa kana kurapwa. Nhanganyaya kumadziro emvura yakasiyana-siyana kuitira chinangwa chokuitisa chidzidzo che-X-ray inonzi "enema diagnostic". A enema inoratidzira ndiyo inofanana, iyo inogadziriswa, inonatsa, inonwisa uye inogadzira mishonga uye mishonga inoshandiswa.
Mutemo wekuchengetedza zvinyorwa.
Kuti uite enema yemwana muduku, zviduku zvidhora zvepuranga zvakagadzirwa zvakagadzirwa zvinoshandiswa, zvinonzi zvirovhesi. Mashopu anouya nemapurasitiki akaoma kana rubber soft tips, ayo akafanana nekuenderera kwesironi. Mashopu aya anowanika mumabhuku kubva ku30 kusvika ku 360 milliliters.
Kutakura enema yekuyamwisa mwana kunoda dzimwe nzira dzakakosha dzinofanira kuitwa. Chokutanga zvakakosha kubika sirineni kwemaminitsi makumi matatu kuti iidye. Ipapo iwe unoda kuwana huwandu hwemvura yakasvibiswa uye gadzira chidimbu chesirinhe nemafuta asingasviki yemafuta kana kuti baby cream. Zvadaro zvakakosha kusunungura mhepo kubva muchirongo - nokuda kweizvi iwe unofanirwa kuchinja siriniti kumusoro, uye zvinyoronyoro pasi pasi. Mushure meizvi, mwana anofanira kuiswa kuruboshwe, bhanidza makumbo mumabvi uye, nekusundira matanho ake ari oga, nyatsonyanya kuisa tsvimbo yesirati mukati mukati ma3 kusvika ku5 cm. Pakutanga kwejairo, chinangwa chinofanira kutumirwa (2 cm), uye mushure mokupfuura mukati nekunze sphincters , kusvika pakadzika 2 - 3 cm kumashure uye, zvishoma nezvishoma kudzvinyirira pasi pe sirineni, shandisa mvura mukati re rectum. Iyo sphincter inonzi miviri yakatenderera inomesa uye inowedzera lumen ye rectum.
Zvakakosha kuongorora kufema kwemwana, nokuti kuiswa kwemvura kunoshandiswa kunze kwekudzivirira. Mushure memugumo wegadziriro yacho, nheyo yacho inonyatsobuda kunze, uye zvigaro zvemukomana zvinofanira kuvharirwa kweminiti. Zvadaro zvakakosha kuisa mwana wacho kumashure, uye kutendeuka kutanga kune rumwe rutivi, pedo nemukoma kuitira kuti mvura inopararira ichipararira mumatumbo.
Kune vana mushure memakore matatu ekusimbisa hazvikwani, uye pano nokuda kwemaema inoshandiswa mugoro weEsmarch. Mug ibhira rakagadzika rine simba re1, 5 - 2 litita, rakabatanidzwa kumucheto wehutomu hurefu. Pamuchuti pane chipfeko chakakosha, kana pombi yekuraira muyero wekudya kwemvura. Mushure memaema, mwana anofanira kunge akarara munzvimbo dzakasiyana (kumashure, kumativi, mudumbu) kwemaminitsi gumi kuti awedzere kumira.
Mitemo yeenemas.
- Kuchenesa enema yevana.
Kuchenesa kunogadziriswa kunoshandiswa mukusawirirana kwekudya (kubvisa, kuvimbiswa), vasati vashandura mishonga, nguva pfupi vasati vadzidza chirwere chekudya.
Kuchenesa enema kune yakabikwa, kunopisa kusvika kutsigira ye 33 - 35C mvura. Nhamba yemvura yeaema yekuchenesa inotsamira zvakananga kuremera uye nguva yemwana. Izvo zviyero zvinotevera: kusvika hafu yegore 30-60 ml; kubva pamwedzi 6 kusvika ku12 - kusvika pamaminitsi 150; kubva gore rimwe kusvika kumakore maviri - kusvika ku 200 ml; 2 - makore mashanu - 300 ml; 5 - makore 9 - 400 ml, uye makore anopfuura gumi - 0, 5 malita. Vana vakwegura vanogona kushandisa mvura zvishoma zvishoma.
Kuti kuwedzere migumisiro yeiema yekuchenesa kuvana vaduku vari pasi pezera remakore 1, wedzerai mafuta mashoma emvura mumvura kana kwete kupfuura 1 teaspoon yeglycerin.
Pakuita kuchenesa kunobatsira kuti uyeuke: kana pane chirwere chinoputika (appendicitis, kuvhiringidzika, kubata), zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zve rectum, purgative enemas zvinopesana.
- Relaxing enemas.
Vana vakwegura vanobatwa nekununura hutano hwakakonzerwa nekudzivirira kunokonzerwa nekuputika kwemuviri wemukumbo. Izvozvo zvinogona kuva glycerin nemafuta - chigadziko chemafuta chemaemas aya chinokonzera kushungurudzika kwemukati mucosa, kusimbisa hutachiona hwehutano uye hunoita kuti hutachiona huvepo. Zvinyorwa zvakadaro zvinogona kushandiswa mukurapa kwokuputika mumatumbo.
Inema yakasununguka inosanganisira 40 - 180 ml yemafuta anokonzerwa nemafuta, kana 5 - 10 ml yeglycerin yakanatswa. Maawa mashomanana mushure meyi enema, chigaro chinowanikwa. Kana enema ichiitwa manheru, ipapo chigaro chichava mangwanani-ngwanani.
Chimwe chinyararire chemaeema enema inonzi hypertonic 10% solution yetafura yemunyu (10 g munyu pa100 g mvura). Inema yakadaro inochera mvura uye inochenesa matumbo. Kana pane zvisiri izvo zvakaratidzwa peristalsis, izvo zvisingabatsiri pakusimudzirwa kwechigaro (pamwe zvinonzi atonic kuvimbiswa), iyi inema inoenderana zvakanakisisa.
- Mishonga uye kudya kunovaka muviri.
Paunenge uchiita mishonga yemishonga, catheter yakashandiswa inoshandiswa, iyo inokubvumira kuisa nenzira yakarurama muwandu wemishonga ine sirinji. Mishonga yemakemikari inoitwa maminitsi makumi matatu kusvika ku40 mushure mekuchenesa enema, kuvimbisa kunyanya kukwana kwechirwere nemukumbo.
Nokurutsa kusingagumi, zvinogutsa zvinogadzirwa zvinoitwa. Zvinosanganisira mararamiro akasiyana-siyana e saline uye zvisingakwanisi kugadzirisa glucose.