Nyora mushanduro chaiyo kubva kuItaly zvinoreva "davi". Iyo yakagadzirwa (uye kutaurwa kwokutanga kwemakumbo echipfuwa chakaitwa kubva muupfu nemvura kunowanikwa kunyange mumagwaro ekare eRoma) kwete kungoshandura chikafu cheItaly, asiwo chakakonzera gastronomiro kazhinji. Kare kare, apo pasina mishonga yakagadzirwa, pasta yakaitwa nyore. Hura yakabvongodzwa mukati mutsvuku, ndokucheka muzvipembenene zvishoma kana zvishoma. Saka ndizvo, uye nhasi. Asi kana uine chigadzirwa chakakosha - mishonga yekuita pasta (iyo inowedzerawo mukanyiwa mu thinnest layer) kana bhero rinoputika pamusanganiswa, zvino hazvingave zvakaoma kuti iwe ubike chero rudzi rwepasta munguva pfupi. Nenzira, ma mechanical machine ye pasta isingadhuri, iyo chete inokanganisa ndeyekuti zvakaoma kuchenesa. Iyo inongoramba ichiwedzera kuwedzera kuti pasta yakagadzirirwa yakawanda kupfuura yakagadzirirwa pasta yakagadzirirwa, uye nzira yekuita pasita pachayo pachayo uye ndiro dzayo kubva iyo inogona kushandurwa kuva mhuri kana sangano rehama.
Maererano nemitemo yezvokudya zvekudya zveItaly pasta, yakagadzirwa kubva durum gorosi, muItaly inofanirwa nemutemo. Mukuwedzera, vaItaly vanodya paste al dente, izvo zvisingambogadziki. Icho chinhu chakanakisisa chinobva mumakungu-ehydrates uye mafura fiber. Saka tinokurudzira zvakasimba kuti iwe utore hupfu kubva durum gorosi kuti ugadzire pasta (inoratidzirwa nekukuya uye kuchena kwemavara, izvo zvinoita kuti zvinyanye kufanana nechibage).
Zvinokwanisika kuwedzera kubatsira kwepasta, iyo inowanzogadzirirwa nekuwedzerwa kwamazai nemafuta emuorivhi, uye inonzi, maererano, pasta yose 'uovo, kutora zvakakwana nema bran kana soy, uye pane mazai akazara - mapuroteni chete. Iyi ndiyo inonyanya kukosha yekubika kumba: iwe unogona kushandura kwete kungonaka kwehuupe, asi mutsara, uye "fomu" yezvinyorwa pachayo! Nzira iyo iri nyore kukurudzira tora ndiyo kusiyanisa chikamu chemazai. Nhamba yavo inogona kubva kune zvidimbu zviviri pa kirogiramu yeupfu kusvika ku 25 yolk yemari yakafanana. Muchiitiko chekupedzisira, ichava chaiyo yakajeka yevha yai paste (iyo, zvinosuruvarisa, inonaka, yakakwirira mumakori).
Iwe unogona kuchinja tora uye marara emusanganiswa, kusanganisa jisi yemiriwo kana kuti madidi muhupfu. Saka, sipinashi jisi-mashedati yakashambadza inoita gorosi, gorosi - ruvara rwepepuru, karoti kana safironi - machungwa, tomato puree - tsvuku. Muchengetwa, unogona kuwedzera mhete yakasvibiswa pasi kana tsvuku tsvuku tsvuku. MuPiedmont, truffles yakapwanyika inoshandiswa sechirevo chepamusoro chepasta. Zvinodhura, asi unogona kuchengetedza pamuchu: ichi pasta chinonaka uye hachidi chero zvinowedzera.
Kukura nyaya
Mune chimiro uye ukuru, bundu racho rakakamurwa kuva mapoka mashanu:
- Kurema kwenguva yakareba (yakakomba uye yakadzika, yakamanikana uye yakafara);
- Mutsva wakafukidzika (unosanganisira zvakasiyana siyana dzemapapiro, fusilli uye rigatoni);
- Soup paste (madhishi maduku akasiyana-siyana);
- Nyanya yekuoma yakaoma (farfalle (mabheji), mahombe uye mamwe "akanaka" pasta, izvo zvisingangogadziri kuita zvinonaka, asiwo zvinoshongedza saladi ne pasta);
- Pasta ine kuzadza (ravioli, nioki, pansotti, tortellini - "creative dumplings");
- Spagetti (spaghetti) - iyo yakakurumbira yakareba yakareba yakawanda (inenge 25 cm murefu uye 1-2 mm muhupamhi), inofanirwa neyekare uye yakasvibira michero yemarato;
- Linguine (linguini) - bundu refu, rakamanikana uye rakasvibirira rine upamhi hwemamiriyoni maviri. "Flat spaghetti";
- TagliateUe (Tagliatelle) - mahwanda akabatanidzwa 4-6 mm yakafara. Zvakanaka kwazvo nezvika nyama kana kuti kubika. Narrower Tagliatelle (3 mm) inonzi thallolini;
- Fettuccine (fetuchini) -patipi matepi ane upamhi hwe 8-10 mm. Misi yakasvikika kana tomato yakakodzera iyo;
- Papparedelle (papardelle) - yakakura kwazvo (kusvika kusvika 15 mm) uye yakareba Tuscan paste. Zvakanaka kune kubika uye nemashizha makuru;
- Lasagna (Lasagna) - yakawanda kwazvo. Mazamu haasi kutongororwa, sezvo ose akachera lasagna pasi pemafomu ayo yekubika. Zvigaro zvakadaro zvinotanga kubikwa, uye zvinogadzirwa ne nyama kana krisamu sauces, mishonga, mushwa, tese uye nyama yakakangwa kana bechamel muto uye kubikwa;
- Farfalle (farfalle) - "butterflies" kana "uta";
- Bucatini (bucatini) - chatinoshevedza macaroni, yakareba refu tubhu. Yakakurumbira zvikuru muRoma;
- Fusilli (fusilli) - midzi yemadhenari akasiyana (3-8 mm). Gadzira zvakakwana masukisi, akakodzera kumashizha. Inonyanya kuzivikanwa kuchamhembe uye pakati peItaly;
- Penne - pfupi yakasungirirwa kuputika mabomba (mapapiro). Zvose zvakagadzirirwa, zvakagadzirwa zvakakwana uye zvakanakisisa pakubika;
- Rigatoni (rigatoni) - pfupi yakaiswa zvakananga zvakatemwa mabhute. Thinner rigatoni inonzi tortilloni, yakakura kwazvo (2-3 cm) - cannelloni - yakashandiswa pakugadzira;
- Tortellini (tortellini) yakafanana zvikuru neyedu dumplings, iyo makona ayo akabatanidzwa mune rudzi rwehuta. Zvakanakisisa kuvatanga ne ricotta yakajeka kana sipinashi, kuzadzwa mukati mavo kwakanyanya. Kune zviduku uye zvakakura;
- Raviolli (ravioli) - maduku dumplings ari muchimiro chekudzivirira kana kukona. Nyaya inonyanyozivikanwa ndeyekukutuka neparmesan, parsley uye sipinashi, asi iwe unogona kuita zvinhu zvese. Kazhinji inoshandiswa ne pesto sauce. Pamberi yakabikwa zvakanyanyisa kuwedzera kune muto.
Waini uye pasta
Mapoka akareruka ezvokudya uye mapeji epaItaly pasta anosanganisira zvikamu zvishomanana zvinoshandiswa: mafuta omuorivhi, garlic, sipinashi. Izvo zvakakosha zvakakodzera chiedza, chinonhuhwirira mazambiringa matsvuku, somuenzaniso, mararamiro eItaly yepino grigio nemuchero we citrus uye zvinonhuwira. Pino grigio zvakakwana kufanana nezvinomera zvepasita nemiti miriwo nemiti.
Mipini yakachena ndiyo yakanakisa kuwedzera kumashizha ane pasta. Pasita nezvokudya zvegungwa zvakakonzerwa nekuoma kunopenya, somuenzaniso, prosecco. Uye kuisa pasta nemucheka mutsvuku, kushumira zvinonhuwira uye zvine simba waini yakachena. Kuti zvive zvekare mazai eod noodles, zvose mawaini machena nemanota emucrorea uye matsvuku (kunyanya iwo akanaka kune pasta nemashizha uye mushwa) akakodzera.
Kune ravioli, waini inosarudzwa zvichienderana nekuzadza. Nokuda kwezvirimwa, mavara machena akachena anotorwa, nekuda kwechizi nenyama - mhepo yakasimba, somuenzaniso, soave, kana kuti tsvuku tsvuku (valpolicella). Asi hapana mitemo yakaoma. Ravioli ane sipinashi, somuenzaniso, zvinonakidza kushambidza nematsvuku anotsvaira lambrusco. Zvisizvo zvakakosha kutaura nezve pasta nematato kana pesto sauce. Inosanganiswa newaini yakatsvuka, asi kwete yakaremera, kuti inzwe kutapira kwakanaka kwemuputi. Chianti kana merlot ichaita. Vanogonawo kudyidzwa kune carbonara. Mune pasta nemamatisi, nyama nemaseseji zvinowanzowedzerwa. Zvadaro waini tsvuku inofanira kunge yakazara uye yakasimba - kubva kumaodzanyemba. Kana iwe ukabika pasita nechizizi, ipapo kusarudzwa kwewaini kunotaridzirwa nemhando yechizi. Ravioli ne ricotta yakashanda nemuchena wakachena kana kuti wakatsvuka. MaSaceka anobva kune akaoma, akapinza uye ane bhuruu cheeses, akadai seParmesan kana Gorgonzola, anoda simba, rakaiswa mazambiringa matsvuku: Barbaresco, Shiraz. Sicilian wine ichava yakanaka. Izvo zvakakoshawo kune pasta al fenno - yakabikwa muchoto.
Cooking poda
Chokutanga, sarudza kana iwe uchida hove kana mazai evha. Muchiitiko chekutanga, iwe unongoda kudira mvura shoma muupfu. Iwe unogona kuwedzera zvishoma kune furawa yakaoma, iwe unogona - semolina (muchiyero che3: 1). Kana mazai evha, iwe unoda maorivhi namazai. Dzimwe nguva mazai haasi mazai akazara, asi mazai evha kana musanganiswa we mazai uye mazhenje muchiyero che1: 3. Zvadaro pasika yakagadzirirwa inowana kunzwisisika kunonaka, uye ndiro inova yakawanda uye inogutsa.
Inyanzvi yekugadzirisa muedzo ndiyo yakafanana kune zvose zvingasarudzwa. Simudza upfu hwakasvibiswa nejira, ita mhete mukati, udira mvura mukati. Knead kutanga kubva kumativi kusvika pakati. Zvose zvinoshandiswa zvinofanira kunge zviri kutonhorera. Ita hupfu, nguva nenguva uchitambanudza, maminitsi makumi maviri, iyo iyo inofanira kuve yunifomu, yakasimbiswa uye yakaoma. Kana iwe uri kugadzira pesa yakavaraidza, funganisa zvinowedzera nemvura kana mazai. Iwe unogona kuisa danho rekutanga rekugadzirira kwekuedzwa kune rimwe, asi isu tichiri kukurudzira manzwi kuti tive ne "chimiro". Wapedza muedzo, ita kuti bhora, rivhare nejira uye rega "zorora" mumasikati ekupisa kwemaminitsi makumi mana. Zvadaro gurusa uye ucheke nemichina kana manyore, uchipa chimiro chaunoda. Usakanganwa kugadzirira nzvimbo yepasta yakapedzwa: inofanira kunge isina kumira yakasanganiswa neupfu. Zviri nani kushandisa mukoro pakarepo, asi kuwedzera kunogona kuchengetwa muvhara rakavharwa mufiriji (pasina mazuva anopfuura 3).