Mushure mokunge shuga yekutanga shuga (saccharin) yakagadzirwa zvakangoerekana yakadzoka muna 1879, mhepo yekutanga ye "kukudzwa" yakauya panguva yeHondo Yenyika Yekutanga, apo chigadzirwa cheshuga chakange chisina kukwana. Iye zvino tarisiro yedu inopiwa kune marudzi akasiyana-siyana emhando dzezvinotapira, zvose zvakasikwa uye zvigadzirwa. Kune zvinokonzera zvisikwa zvinosanganisira: sorbitol, xylitol, stevia, fructose. Chimiro chavo chakafanana nesarudzo yehuga, iyo ine makori, inobatwa nemuviri, uye inotipa simba. Synthetic sweeteners dzinosanganisira: saccharin, aspartame, cyclamate, sucrasite uye acesulfame potassium. Izvi zvinokonzerwa neshuga hazvisi kudyiwa nemuviri, hazvina simba rinokosha, uye zvine migumisiro yakawanda kana zvichishandiswa zvakanyanya. Saka usati wazvisarudzira uye uchitsiva shuga mukudya kwako nekunakidza, unofanira kunyatsonzwisisa zvose izvi "zvakasiyana-siyana."
Izvo zvakasikwa zvezvinotapira ndeye fructose - inowanikwa muzvibereko zvose, maabriki, maruva maruva, uchi, zvinotapira kupfuura sucrose mu 1,7 nguva, uye panguva imwechete ine chetatu chinodarika. Inogona kushandiswa mukubika, kana uchigadzira jam uye jam, inokurudzirwa kuishandisa kune varwere vane chirwere cheshuga. Asi, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, fructose ine imwe hukuru hwakanaka-inokurumidza kuparadzanisa doro muropa, uye inobatsira kubvisa iyo. Pakati pezvinhu zvisina kunaka mukushandiswa kwefructose muzvokudya ndiko kuwedzerwa njodzi yehutano hwemwoyo.
Kunakidza kwakadai, kufanana ne xylitol, saka inodavirwa nevagadziri vekucheka gum uye mamwe mazino emvura, inowanikwa kubva kumakona emakungu uye mahwende embeu yekotoni. Zviri mumakoriyumu uye kutapira kwakakwana zvakaenzana neshuga yakajairika, asi mumitambo yakakura iyo inogona kuzviratidza seyo yakasimba yeaxx.
Stevia, iyi shuga inoshandiswa shuga, haisi nguva 25 inotapira kupfuura iyo, asi inobatsirawo kune utano. Inogona kuwedzerwa zvakachengeteka kune chero chipfeko, umo shuga inowanzoiswa - muti, kofi, yogurts, confectionery. Haisi chete zvachose isina chepfu, asi nekushandiswa kwenguva refu kunoderedza mazinga eropa regihu, rinoita kuti zvive nehutachiona uye chiropa, zvinobatsira kubvisa diergisi yose inoric, kubatsira kurara, kunowedzera kushanda kwomunhu - zvose mumuviri nepfungwa.
Ikupedzisira mumutsara wezvinotapira zvepanyama ndiyo sorbitol, iyo yakawanda kwazvo mumaapuro, apricots uye mountain ash. Asi kutapira kwacho kwakaderera kupfuura shuga katatu, apo mararicic anowedzera shuga yega shuga ne 53% (kusiyana nezvimwe zvinotapira), kunyange zvazvo inoshandiswa sekuchengetedza maji uye zvinonwiwa uye zvinokurudzirwa kushandiswa mune chirwere cheshuga chikafu. Paunenge uchishandisa sorbitol mumuviri, kushandiswa kwevhithamini kunoderera, microflora yenzira yepamuviri inovandudza. Mumamiriro ekudarika kwe sorbitol, kusazvidzivirira, kubhururuka, uye kushungurudza kunoonekwa.
Pasi pose, sezvaunogona kuona, kunyange kutapira kwemuviri kune mavhesi. Ndezvipi mamiriro ezvinhu nevamwe vavo vanofananidzira?
Saccharin, yekutanga pakati pevashandisi veshuga, inotapira kupfuura shuga kanopfuura ka300, uye panguva imwechete iyo haina kunyatsopindirwa nemuviri. Maererano nedzimwe nyanzvi, ine ma carcinogenic zvinhu zvinogona kutungamirira kune kuwedzera kwekuchiriyasiasis. Hazvikurudzirwi kuti udye pazvisina matumbo, usingatori zvigadzirwa zvine hydrocarbon uye muchiyero chinopfuura 0.2 g pazuva.
Aspartame, inodiwa nevakagadziri vemhando dzose dzekunwa kwe "Chiedza" zvakasiyana-siyana uye zvigadzirwa zvekutengesa, panguva imwechete inonyanya kutyisa pakati pevashanduki veshuga. Shure kwezvose, kana kutonhora kuri madigiri makumi matatu chete, inotanga kukonzera muketani rose rezvinhu, iyo yakavharwa necarcinogen formaldehyde. Mune rimwe zuva zvinogona kutora zvinopfuura 3.5 g.
Chimwe chinhu chinokonzera maitiro - cyclamate, inorambidzwa zviri pamutemo kuti ishandiswe muUnited States uye neU.S., asi yakanyanyopararira munharaunda yeRussia (kwete inonyanya kukosha mune iyi inodhura). Kupera kunoputika nyore nyore mumvura, kune 30-50 nguva inotapira kupfuura shuga, uye inonzi inokonzera kukanganisa kwenharo. Mune rimwe zuva zvinogona kutora zvinopfuura 0.8g.
Sukrasit, kunyange zvazvo iyo inotapira maitiro, asi iyo inotora sucrose, haina kubatanidzwa mumakinhydrate metabolism, haipindi mazinga e shuga muropa. Painoshandiswa, ganda rinogadziriswa rinogoneka. Zuva haritenderwi kupfuura 0.7 g.
Uye pakupedzisira, kunakidza kwakadaro se potassium acesulfame, sezvimwe zvimwe zvinotapira zvinogadzirwa, hazvina kudyiwa nemuviri, zvinokurumidza kubviswa kwazviri, uye zvinokwana 200 zvinotapira kupfuura shuga. Panguva imwe chete, inonyatsokurudzirwa kuva nepamuviri, kuyamura uye vana. Iyo inopera zvisina kunaka, uye inovhiringidza mwoyo yemavhu. Mukoko waro wakachengeteka hausi kupfuura 1 g pazuva.
Vanonaka uye vanosvitsa shuga - vanokuvadza kana vanobatsirwa? Kunyange zvakadaro isu tinoedza kuedza izvo zvatinodya zuva rega rega, asi mukudya kwedu, pane imwe nzvimbo, vose ava vanoita saga vanoenda kwatiri mune zvigadzirwa zvakapedzwa. Mumwe nomumwe wavo ane zvimwe zvakanaka, asi zvakaipa hazvisi izvo. Saka, kana ukasarudza kuongorora hutano hwako, pane chimiro chako, uye uzvigadzirire muchitapira nekuisa shuga neshuga inotsiva-zviri nani usazviita. Zvinonyanya kukosha kumufananidzo wako, uye nokuda kwehutano hwako, kuchava nekushandura kune masukese zvakasikwa zvakasikwa nenzira yezvibereko, michero yakaomeswa nemabriji. Usa "nyengedza" muviri wako, uite zvakanaka-uye ichakupindura iwe nemaitiro akanaka uye hukama hwakanaka.