A bit of history
Zvinonakidza, kufara kwekare nebhola kwakanga kusiri mitambo chete. Vaisangana nemitambo yemashiripiti. Saka, mubhobho reEgipita, boka rimwe nerimwe rakadanwa kuti ritambe kune rumwe rutivi rwemwari wavo, uye kukunda kwakakundawo muzita revanamwari. Zvigadzirwa zvekuita mabhora anoshandiswa zvakasiyana-siyana. Aikwanisa kubvarura kubva pamasora, kutemwa kubva mumatanda, bark, akakomberedzwa kubva kumatehwe, akachekwa kubva mumatehwe emhuka. Muchiitiko ichi, vaGiriki vakaputira zvikanda zvechikokovete nemassi kana mapapiro e shiri, VaRoma - mbeu yemichero yemuonde.
VaRoma ndivo vokutanga vakagadzira bhora nemhepo. Mipira yakafanana yakagadzirwa kubva kumeso emhuka, iyo yakanga yakazara pamusoro pezvidimbu zveganda. Bhora reRubber "galloped" kuEurope kubva kuCentral America. Vanhu vemazuva ano (vaIndia) vakazviita kubva pakucheka, izvo zvakabviswa kubva pakurwa kwebark yemarubha uye rainzi "rubhu" (kubva pamashoko okuti "kaa" - muti uye "o-chu" - kuchema). Mutambo wevaAmerica vokuAmerica vane rubber raivewo chiito chekuita, uye, mumaonero evanhu vemazuva ano, vane utsinye. Yakaguma nechibayiro, uye uyo akaurayiwa akaendeswa kumukuru weboka rakarasikirwa. Bhora raibha raibata ziso romushambadziri Christopher Columbus. Akashamisika kuti bhora guru uye rakakura rakasimuka zvakanyanya apo rakarova pasi. Mufambi akakurumbira akaunza bhora raRiberia kuSpain. Uye bhora rakakunda rakakunda nyika yose yakabudirira.
Mitambo yeBhola kune vana pasi pegore rimwe chete
Kazhinji kacho tinoona bhora mumaoko emaana, asi tine urombo. Mushure mezvose, ichi ndicho chido chinogona kubatsira uye chinonakidza muhuduku hwose. Zvinoshamisa izvo zvakasiyana-siyana zvezviito uye zviito mwana anokwanisa kupa bhodhi yakazara! Zvichida, mubhora uyu hapana mairiki akaenzana, uye haafaniri kuva. Nyama, gumbo, bhora ... - chinhu chakanaka, chinonakidza kumubata. Isa bhora muruoko rwechechecheche, kuti ruchengetedzwe, ruchibata neminwe yako, runa kunzwa rwuri rwemaundi uye rwakadzidza kuibata muruoko rwako. Ichi chiitiko chichasimbisa minwe yemwana uye ruoko rwose. Nokuda kwechinangwa ichi, patchwork ine "ruzha" mukati kana bhora rakarukwa rine chidimbu chema 5-6 cm rakakodzera.Nenzira iyi tichaunza chikoyi chemwana muhupenyu, iyo ichava shamwari yake, inogona kuunza mufaro nemufaro. Pane imwe nguva iri mumunda wechecheche, bhora haichazovipo kubva kumunda wekuona.
Mwedzi 5-6, rorera rubber bhora rakachena rine chimiro chakajeka kumucheka pamakumbo echecheche. Mwana wako muduku achafara kurova makumbo ake naro. Kufungidzira kusingafungidziki kwebhola kuchaita kuti mwana afarire, chido chokukanda bhora zvakare uye zvakare. Uyu ibasa rinonakidza - iro rinoratidzira muviri, rinokurudzira mitsipa yemakumbo, kuvandudza kuwirirana kwekufamba. Panguva ino mwana haakwanisi kufamba ari oga. Kumudana kumutambo kuchave bhora guru remuvara wakajeka nemuimbi wakagadzirwa mumhanzi unobudisa melodic inzwi. Mwana wacho achasangana nebhora rakadaro uye anoedza kumhanya kwaari, kana ari kure.
Mwana akada kurasa zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana mumwedzi 8-10. Iko panguva ino kutanga kumudzidzisa kutamba mitambo yakasiyana nebhokisi. Nekufara kukuru achaita zviito izvi. Muchiitiko ichi, mwana anokanda chido chacho kana chimwe, kana kunyange zviviri, kana bhora rakakura. Mushure mokunge musunungura bhora kubva pamaoko, mbudzana inoona sezvaanodonha kubva pasi, ichikwira pamusoro payo, inotarisa nzvimbo yekuwa, inoda kupa bhora kuti ridzoke kakawanda. Uye iye anofarira kukanda uye kugona, kuzadza dengu racho nebhora kana bhokisi. Ipa mwana uye mukana uyu, achimupa iye zvishoma mabhora maduku.
Kumwanasikana wenyu muduku pamusoro pegore? Muratidze kuti angakanda sei bhora duku mubhasiki kana bhokisi, kuti ingaikanda sei mberi, kubata nemaoko maviri. Pakutanga, regai mwana aite zviito izvi paanenge agere, sezvo achiri kuramba asingatyi uye akashanda nesimba, mwana anokwanisa kurasikirwa nebasa rake. Apo anonzwa akanyanya kuvimba netsoka dzake, zvinenge zvichiita kukanda kubva pakamira. Kana kazhinji mwana achikanda bhora, anowedzera neunyanzvi, uye achawedzera bhora richibhururuka. Hongu, uye kutamba nebhora mwana wacho haagoni kunge muimba, asi atova mumugwagwa. Kumbira kuti uburure bhora kumuti, musango, sandbox, kupinza nemuchina wokudhinda, ruzhowa rwakadzika, rwukanda kwauri. Kunyanya kufara uye kufara mwana achawana kubva mumitambo yakadaro!
Mitambo yeBhola kune vana pasi pemakore matatu
Muma 2-3 makore, kumbira mwana kuti atse bhora kubva pachikomo kana chero upi hwekukwira. Vana vanofarira mitambo yakadaro. Muchikwata ichi, haufaniri kusundira bhora, uye iwe unogona kuidzidzira mune chero nzira. Zvadaro, kuratidza kuti ungaputira sei bhora nenzira imwe nzira: pakati pematayari "nyoka", munzira yakamanikana. Kuti uwane kubudirira, dzidzisa kutungamira bhora mberi, kuedza kusanyara, kusundira kunofanira kusimba uye kwakasimba. Uye mwana anoda kufambidzana pamwe newe bhora kune mumwe kune imwe agere pasi, ndokuputira mumugodhi, urikandire mudengu.
Kubata bhora kuchiri kuoma kumwana muduku. Asi zvakakodzera kuedza! Tora ruvara ruchena kana kuti inflatable bhora remasikirwo akaenzana, risa mwana wake kubva pamusana muduku (50-70 cm) - tora! Zvechokwadi, haagoni, nokuti haazivi kuti ungazviita sei. Asi, uchiona kuti unozviita sei, iwe uchaparadzira maoko ako zvakapararira. Bhora, richibhururuka pakati pavo kana kurova muchanza chechanza chako, richawa. Asi tsigirei mwana mukuedza kwake, kuseka, kuseka bhora risina mhosva nekuda kwekusateerera. Uye shure kwekuedza kwakawanda, zvisinei kubva pane zvishoma, mwana wacho achabata bhora nemaoko ake, achiisa pamapfupa ake. Uye mushure mehanho rekutanga ivo vachave vachiwedzera.
Iwe unogona kutamba nemwana "mubhola." Uye hazvina basa kuti, zvichida, "mudzidzisi" wekutanga mumutambo wemutambo achava amai kana mbuya (baba pabasa!). Chinhu chikuru checheche haisi iyo nzira yemutambo, asi zvakasiyana-siyana zvekufamba uye mafungiro emanzwiro. Zvichida, pakutanga mwana acharasikirwa nebhora kakawanda, asi mushure mokuedza kakawanda acharamba achikunda uye "kuisa" iwe chinangwa. Gurai kufara kwechecheche, kurumbidze, kupinda mukati mehuni hwemaziso ako.
Uye zvakakura sei kungokanda bhora rakajeka kumusoro kana kukanda mune chero nzira! Ita kuti mwana apike bhora "mugore", kuti ataure "zuva" pakutanga asina kubata. Kutakura kutuka, mwana wako ari kururamiswa zvakasimba, sokunge kana achitsvaka bhora. Muchiitiko ichi, mishonga yebhandi yemapfudzi inosimbiswa, musana wechipfuva "unotambanudza", mamiriro ekugadzirisa anovandudza.
Apo mwana ane makore 4-6
Kukanda nekubata - maitiro akawanda akaoma anoda ziso rakanaka. Iko kushambadzira kunopa mwana anenge makore mana. Inorayira kukanda bhora kwete kumusoro, zvakananga pamberi pako, saka zviri nyore kubata.
Mwana wemakore mashanu anokwanisa kuratidza kuti angakanda sei bhora pasi, rusvingo, achiedza kuibata, kurwisa pasina kubata. Kubudirira mukurova bhora kunowanzoenderana nemamiriro ehupamhi, saka ita nani zviri nani pamusana weAphalt track, dense level ground. Mwana wacho anofarira kuchinja bhora panzvimbo yake pane imwe yaro. Kuti uite izvi, bhora rine zvakajeka, rakachenesa, zviri nani geometric pattern ndiyo yakakodzera.
Mugore rechitanhatu mwana anofarira maitiro ose nebhora, iro raakamboita pane rimwe dambudziko (rodza bhora pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, gurusa uye ritevere, rikanda uye kubata kakawanda mumutsara, kurova pa asphalt uye kuibata, rikande munzira dzakasiyana-siyana: kubva pasi, kubva shure kwefudzi, kune mumwe nemumwe - uye kubata, kukanda bhora muchidimbu chairo uye chinangwa chakakosha, kandira ibhora kure). Cherechedza kuti mwana anoita zvidzidzo zvisiri izvo neruoko rwake rworudyi uye rworuboshwe. Izvi zvakakosha kwete chete nekugadziriswa kwekuvandudza kwemaoko, asiwo nekudzivirira kusangana kwemashure. Iyi mitambo inogona kuitwa nenzira yekunakidzwa nemakwikwi epapa, amai nemwana: ndiani achasiya zvimwe, ndiani achapinda mu "window", hoop, nezvimwewo kakawanda.
Zvakakosha kufungisisa nekuchengetedza muyero wevakakunda nekurasikirwa kwevatori vechikamu. Nguva dzose kukundwa, kufanana nekurasika nguva dzose, kunokuvadza mwana. Kukundikana kunokonzera mafungiro akaipa pamusoro pemutambo, uye kuwana zvigaro zvingaguma kunogona kukudziridza kuzvikudza, kuzvirumbidza, pfungwa yehumwe chete. Unogona kutamba mitambo yakasiyana, uchiuya ne "mabasa" matsva ebhora. Mwana wacho anotanga kuedza, kuratidza maitiro matsva uye mitambo yemabhora, iyo, zvechokwadi, inofadza iwe uye inokushamisa iwe. Usatsamwa kana mwana ari benzi. Pamper zvishoma newe! Kusangana kwakaipa pamwe chete kunounza kupisa uye kunzwisisa kumwe.
Ball uye mwana wemakore manomwe
Mugore rechinomwe rehupenyu, vana vanofarira zvikuru mitambo yemitambo. Zvakakosha kugutsa zvido zvemwana uye kumuzivisa kumamiriro emitambo iyi. Basketball, bhodhi, handball, Russian lapta, munda hockey, tennis tafura ... Muzvinhu zvose iye anogona kutotamba - pane mimwe mitambo yakasiyana nebhola. Kuyeuka, kufara kwakadini kwakagamuchirwa muhuduku, kutamba mitambo iyi. Rongedza mini-mapoka kubva kune vezera revana vako 2-3 vanhu uye ... play!
Mumitambo yemitambo mwana haazokwanisi kuona ruzivo rwemotokari mumamiriro ezvinhu matsva, asiwo kudzidza kudzidza kugadzirisa mabasa akasiyana-siyana, kuisa pfungwa, kufunga, kufunga nokukurumidza. Iwe unogonawo kuisa mwana kumarudzi akasiyana-siyana emitambo yemitambo: duku rubber uye tennis muupamhi hwema 5-6 cm, hupamhi hukuru, 8-12 masendimita, hupamhi mamita 18-20 cm Kune mamwe maitiro uye mitambo zviri nani kushandisa gorofu gorofu (yakanaka kwazvo kumitambo pamvura) kana volleyball. Nenzira, mwana wechikoro chepachikoro uye yebhola zviri nani kutamba volleyball. Iva nechokwadi chekuti bhora iri rakasununguka uye rinoputika kubva pasi kana rusvingo zvakanaka.
Uye zvakadaro zvinonakidza, asi mashomanana akanganwika ane bhora, se "edible-inedible", "шдердер", "mbatat", "выбивалы"? Vapei kumwana wenyu neshamwari dzake, tamba mitambo yakasiyana yebhora navo. Munhu wese achawana simba rekukura - vose vana nevakuru. Panguva imwecheteyo, iwe uchasimbisa simba rako uye, pasina mubvunzo, uchaona kukudzwa mumaziso emwana wako.
Chinonyanya kukosha chemitambo (uye kwete nebhobho chete) isumuko, mufaro, rumbidzo, kufarira kwako kwechokwadi. Tamba nemufaro. Mwana wacho ane shungu inobata mafungiro ako, uye iye anonzwa kana iwe uchizviita "kuburikidza nesimba." Kufarira mumutambo kunogona kusvibiswa nekumanikidzwa, kunyanya kuomerera pane iwe uye kukaramba kwako "kutamba." Iwe unofanira kupedzisa mutambo pakarepo, pakarepo paunoona zviratidzo zvokutanga zvekurasikirwa kwechido chemwana mairi.
Ndinoda kunyanya kucherechedza, amai vangu uye baba, "mwana", "mwana" - uyu musikana nemukomana. Uye vose vanogona kuenzana uye vanofanira kudzidziswa kutamba nebhora. Kufambisa kwevana kuchawana kururama, kusagadzikana, kusununguka, uye izvi hazvingakuvadzi kana mukomana kana musikana. Uye nzira yekusiyanisa mitambo iyi upenyu hwomwana wako!
Sezvo akaziva mamwe maitiro emitambo yakasiyana-siyana nebhora, mwana achazonzwa aine chivimbo, akawedzera, ane simba, asingatauri, akazvimirira. Kudzidzira uye kutamba nemabhora ehutano hwakasiyana nehuwandu huchakubatsira kukura kwete zvishoma chete asiwo zviduku zviduku zvemavoko maviri, kuwedzera kufambisa kwemasangano, kukura minwe uye mabhurusi, izvo zvinokosha zvikuru kune vana vanogadzirira kuchikoro. Sezvaunogona kuona, zvinenge zvose zvinenge zvakakosha kuitira kukurudzika kwemuviri wemwana wako, anokwanisa kumupa bhora - rakadaro "rakanaka uye risina kunaka." Ingoita shamwari!