Nekuuya kwemaitiro ekufambira mberi kwekutanga pamagumo ezana remakore rapfuura, mubvunzo wekudzidzisa marudzi ese euchenjeri unova wakakodzera kubva pazuva rekutanga rekubuda kwemashizha kuedza. Asi isu hatizoiti tisinganyengeri, tichienda kure, uye kazhinji - "kubata" mwana ane tsamba netsamba, tichaedza kuumba zvinhu zvose zvekuvandudza kwepfungwa uye kunakidza, uye kutanga nemimwe mitemo inokosha inobatsira kuita zvidzidzo nechechecheche inofadza uye Nzira dzakanakisisa dzehutano hunobudirira hwomwana - nyaya yenyaya yacho.
Usazvikuvadza!
Uyu ndiwo mutemo mukuru wekushungurudzwa kunoitwa iwe pachako, mwana anodikamwa zvikuru. Mubvunzo ndewokuti chii chakakanganisika nekukudziridza kwepfungwa, chete chimwe chinhu chakanakira. Yakanga isiri iyo. Kusiyana nechishuvo chako chekuva vabereki veMosart itsva kana Sophia Kovalevskaya, mwana (uye kuti chii chakasikwa mukati maro) angave ane maonero ake pane izvi.
♦ Mwana anofanira kunge akagadzirira kudzidza - usadzivisa zvidzidzo, unofarira kuwana hutsva hutsva zvakakwana kusvika paanenge akagadzirira kuidzidza.
♦ Hazvina musoro kutanga kurovedza pamusoro pemamiriro ekurwara kana kusvibiswa, kuchinja uye kushungurudzika muupenyu hwemwana (kutyora zuva rega rega, kuiswa kwezvokudya zvakakwana, kufamba, kusvimha).
♦ Zvidzidzo nechecheche zvinofanira kuvakwa nenzira yemutambo, usapedza nguva refu (makirasi okutanga anogona kupedza masekondi makumi matatu, zvichiwedzera zvishoma nezvishoma kusvika kumaminitsi 1-2).
♦ Kana ukasangana nekudzivisa kubva kumwana, usamanikidza uye kumumanikidza kuti aite.
Methodology ye Masaru Ibuki
Imwe nzira yeiyi mutsva (kwete muongorori wepfungwa, kwete mudzidzisi, asi muvambi we Sony Corporation uye baba vomwana, murwere ane cerebral palsy) inobva pachirevo chokuti "Pashure pematatu zvanyanyisa". Iri ndiro zita rebhuku reJapan rakakurumbira, uyo akabudisa pfungwa dzose dziripo pamusoro pekurerwa kwevana muma1970. Munyori anosimbisa kuti kusvika kumakore matatu uropi hwehu huri hunova nechikwata chakajeka uye chinoshamisa chekusimudzirwa: panguva iyi kusvika kusvika 70-80% yeeural connections pakati pemasero europi anogadzirwa. Panguva imwe chete, 90% yebasa rakadaro rakaoma rinowira mugore rokutanga roupenyu hwomwana. Chii chinodzidziswa? Mune izvozvo, iwe unopa mwana wacho kudzidza shanduro yakasiyana zvachose. Masaru Ibuka aidavira kuti "algebra kumwana haisi kunyanya kuoma kupfuura arithmetic," ndiko kuti, pfungwa yekufungisisa yemwana inokwanisa kuwana zvakawanda zvemashoko, pasinei nekuita sezvakaoma kunzwisisa, asi munyori wesangano akatsigira kushanda pamwe nenzvimbo dzepakutanga. nyumburu, usaedza kuitakura mu "maonero" ako, tarisa kune zvisikwa zvepakutanga - pfuma yose yenyika inobudirira. Regai mwana ari muzera remakore ekutanga aone mifananidzo yevanamhanzi vakuru, inzwa mabasa evaridzi vepamusoro, vanodanana nemitembo yevatongi vakuru. Mukurumbira mukuru muhutano hweMasaru Ibuki huri kuitwa pakudzidza mitauro yekunze uye mimhanzi. Ibuka aidavira kuti kufambidzana nemimhanzi inoita kuti vana vasangogadziriswa mumakore aya, asiwo vanovadzidzisa kuti vafunge, kuti vaite maererano navo uye nyika yakavapoteredza. Kuburikidza nekudzidza mimhanzi pazera remucheche, mwana achazove nyore kukwanisa kubata nemamwe masayenzi ose. Kunyanya kukosha kwakabatanidzwa kukura kwemuviri wemwana. Masaru Ibuka aidavira kuti vana kubva pakuzvarwa vanofanira kudzidziswa kushambira, pakarepo pavanomira pamakumbo avo-skate. Saka muvana, kuwirirana kwekufamba kunowedzera nekukurumidza uye kwakanaka, muviri uye musumire skeleton inoumbwa.
Nzira yeNikolai Zaitsev
Sei uchidzidzisa kuverenga uye kuverenga mwana asati asati aziva kutaura? Mukuda kwekuti panguva yekutaura kwekutaura iye akanga atoziva zvose izvi. Vechidiki geeks vakakwidziridzwa nemhando yezvinozivikanwa nemudzidzisi weRussia-muvandadzi Nikolai Zaitsev. Maitiro aZaitsev anobva pakushanda nema cubes nema syllables nematafura emadziro. Mwana wacho anodzidza kuwedzera mazwi kubva kumashure, asi achiri kutadza kutaura. Muchiitiko ichi, makerubhi acho akasiyana kubva kune mumwe mukuzadzwa kwezwi, kuitira kuti chiitiko chekuyeuka "chisingazwisisiki" chezvivigiro zvemwana chinoshandiswa.Zvino zvigadzirwa zve cubes zvakabatanidzwa tafura pamadziro, izvo zvichishanda kushanda zuva rega rega (kuratidza zvipuka zvezvokuchengetedza uye kuvanzwa) uye kaseti kana diski yakafanana shandura dzinoimbwa nechinangwa cheiyo nziyo dzevana vanozivikanwa.Zvino zvinopawo kukurumidza uye nyore kubata mumusoro.Nzira inopa chigumisiro chakanakisisa, uye inogamuchirwa senzira yekudzidzisa kuverenga mune dzimwe chengeteni. Shanduro dzeChirungu neChirungu.
Glen Doman Method
Iyi nzira yaive yakagadzirirwa vana vane hutano hwakakonzerwa kukura. Mukuona kwekubudirira kwegadziriro, yakashandiswawo kune vana vane utano hwakanaka. Munyori waro, chiremba-neurophysiologist Glen Doman, aidavira kuti kuburikidza nekukanganisa chimwe chemazwi evanhu, chinogona kukurudzira kufambira kwese uropi sehuse. Nokudaro, kuratidza mwana wacho makadhi anokosha zuva rimwe nerimwe (somuenzaniso, makadhi gumi kwemaminitsi gumi), chiremba akawana zviitiko zvinoshamisa - vana vaduku vakasiya mushure mokukurudzirwa, nemakore 2-3 vaifambisa nehupenyu hwavo hwakanaka. Makadhi anokwanisa kuitwa nemene (pamutsvuku mutsvuku mukuru mazita akasiyana mazwi akanyorwa), asi zvinogoneka, uye kutenga, zvinoshungurudza zvakanyanya izvi -kuzviita iwe pachako. Makadhi anoratidzirwa nemitambo yakasimba (somuenzaniso, shiri kana zvinhu zviri mukati). Zvimwe zvinotungamirirwa nemifananidzo.
Nzira yeCecil Lupan
Aedza kuvanasikana vake nzira yeGlen Doman, mutambikadzi uye amai Cecil Lupan vakasarudza kuidzidzisa zvishoma. Saka purogiramu yake yokutanga yekudzidza yakazvarwa. Cecil Lupan aidavira kuti mwedzi 12 yekutanga yemwana yakakosha zvikuru pakukura kwake, munguva ino, kuvimba mukufarirwa kwenyika kunoumbwa, manzwiro ese mashanu anosimbiswa, motokari yemwanakomana. Inofanira kushandiswa kweminiti imwe neimwe kuitira kubatsiridza kukura magamba. Zvinowanzopfekedza pamaoko ako (izvi zvinokurudzira tactile kunzwa), taura zvakawanda nezvayo, kuimba nziyo, taurira nhetembo, kutora zvidhori kubva kune zvakasiyana-siyana (inoita unyanzvi hudiki hwemotokari). Semashoko ekudzidzisa Lupan akashandisa kuzviita mabhuku encyclopedia. Maikoropidhiya akadaro anogona kutengwa nhasi, asi iwe unogona kuzviita iwe pachako. Saka, tora mapepa kubva kumagazini akasiyana-siyana, mabhuku ekare, mifananidzo kubva paIndaneti, yakatsaurirwa kune imwe nyaya (somuenzaniso, shiri kana kutakura). Tora album yekutora, bata imwe mufananidzo pane peji imwe neimwe, uye pasi payo nyora zita iri muhombe huru dzekudzivirira. Zvinotarisirwa mumifananidzo ndezvizvi: Vanofanirwa kunge vari chaivo uye vanojeka sezvinobvira, zvinodikanwa kuti hapachina zvinhu zvisingakoshi mumifananidzo, kuitira kuti isasvike mukuvhiringidzika mumwana.
Methodology naMaria Montessori
Iyi ingangodaro nzira inonyanya kuzivikanwa pakati pevadzidzisi vekwelergartens uye mapoka ekutanga ekubudirira. Zvinyorwa zvedzidzo zvekudzidzisa iyi zvinogona kuwanikwa nyore nyore munenge chero chitoro chekutamba. Aya ndiwo marudzi ose emapuranga-liners uye mapurisa. Mukuwedzera, rudo rwakakura pakati pevanhu vakuru nevana (kunyange vakwegura) rinoshandiswa nemitambo yakasiyana-siyana yekuvandudzwa kwemhando dzakanaka dzemotokari (kuronga nekugadzira ukuru hwakasiyana hwebhinzi nemafuta, somuenzaniso). Maria Montessori aidavira kuti vanhu vakuru vanofanira kukurudzira zvakasimba mwana kuti atore chiito chega. Hazvisi zvekuti bhuku rakakurumbira nemunyori uyu anonzi "Ndibatsire kuti ndiite ini pachedu." Ungashandisa sei urongwa uhu kudzidzisa vana kusvikira gore? Simbisa chero kuedza kwemwana kuti adzidze chimwe chinhu, dzidza, sarudza matanho emwana kubva pane zvakasiyana siyana, zvichipa mukana wekubata kuti zvive nechokwadi, somuenzaniso, kuti shati yechirasi uye yakasvibirira yakasuruvara yakasiyana sei, apo mwana akadzidza kugara nechivimbo uye anotanga kutamba nemapiramidhi nema cubes (kubva pamwedzi 7-8), mupe makapu epurasitiki kukura, regai vaedze kuisa imwe kune imwe, panguva imwe chete vachiziva pfungwa dze "more-less." Kupa mitsetse mukana wekuziva kusiyana kweizvi, semuenzaniso, nyemba uye mapepa, usasiya mucheki muduku oga nefuma yako-anogona kuvamedza kana kuaisa mumutsotsi.
Iyo nzira yaMaria Gmoshinskaya
Iyi nzira yakagadzirirwa kwete kunyanya kudzidzisa mwana nzira yekukwevera, yakawanda sei mukurudzirwa kwechecheche. Kushanda kunobata, mwana anoita kuti mishonga inogumira paminwe, iyo inobatsirawo kukura kwehuropi huse. Iwe unogona kutanga kutora kubva kumwedzi inenge mitanhatu, apo mwana akadzidza kugara nechivimbo. Tora pepa guru reNeman, ugare naye pamwana uye muratidze kuti unogona sei kutora. Zita - kunyorera minwe yako, uye kunyange peni yose mukati mepende uye kutyaira pamwe chete nepapepa. Iwe unokwanisa kutora nezvose zvakasara nekarurama. Kazhinji, edza kuti usapedza mwana kumanzwiro ake pamusoro pe "kuronga kwakarurama", nditende ini, nehuwandu hwekusati-stamping uye kugadzirisa kwekufunga, vana vachapa musoro kune chero munhu mukuru, nenzira, iwe unogona kutora kwete nemaoko ako chete, asi nemakumbo nezvimwe zvikamu zvemuviri wako. chepfu, hypoallergenic, yakakodzera kumucheche (ivo vanotengeswa mumabhii evana uye zvinhu zvekugadzira zvinhu.) Gadzirira kuti mwana haazozvinyima chete, asiwo "kupenda" zvinhu zvakapoteredza.
Gore rekuwanikwa
Gore rokutanga rehupenyu hwemwana ipanguva inoshamisa yekugadzirwa kwemakumbo. Usambofi zvakare muhupenyu mwana haazovi nenguva yekukura kwakakurumidza zvakadaro. Inokura nekukwirira uye kumira mune dzimwe nzira dzakasiyana-siyana panguva imwe chete: inyanzvi, mupfungwa, mumuviri. Izvi zvinonyatsozivikanwa nevana vevana nevadzidzisi. Saka, tinokurudzira kuti tisapotsa zuva rimwechete. Shandisai mwedzi gumi nembiri kuti ubatsire mwana kuti asangane nematambudziko ekuzvarwa, uye zvakare kudzidza zvakawanda zvitsva, zvinoshamisa. Uye yeuka kuti chidzidzo chinonyanya kukosha pamakumbo zvino ndechokuziva kuti unochida.