Nhasi, avo vanowanzotanga zvinhu zvitsva. Munhu wose anoziva shoko rokuti: itsva ndiyo yakakanganwa yekare. Chii chatakanganwa? Ngatiyeukei kuti fesheni yemakumi maviri ezana remakore rapfuura yakaita sei.
Pakavamba makore makumi maviri, nyika dzeEurope dzakatora zvishoma nezvishoma kubva munguva yehondo. Pakukwira kwaiva mhizha. Muzvikamu zvose, kubudirira kwesayenzi uye teknolojia yakashandiswa zvakabudirira. Invented Henry Ford anotumirwa akabvumirwa kuita zvigadzirwa zvemasuo nezvipfeko. Asi chaiwo fashionistas achiri kurongedza mumwe munhu kugadzirisa. Iko inonyanya kukosha mumutambo wemakumi maviri ezana remakore rapfuura yaiva kubatanidzwa kwemafashoni emafashoni eNyika Yekare neNyika Itsva. Iye zvino vaipfekedza zvipfeko zvemaitiro akafanana.
Ndiani asina kunzwa nezvekusunungurwa kwevakadzi? Uye vakatarisirei? Ndinofunga kuti havasi vanhu vazhinji vanogona kupindura mubvunzo uyu. Muzana remakore rapfuura, kunyanya makumi maviri, rinoratidzwa nekumanikidzwa kwekuenzana kwevakadzi nevarume. Kurwisana uku kwakatungamirira kukuti chikadzi chakanga chisisagamuchirwi. Izvo zvakakosha zvekunakirwa kwevakadzi kwaiva mudzimai akapfava, pasina ruzivo rwemhando ipi neipi yehuwandu hwechimiro. Chido chekuenzana nevarume chakaita kuti vatevedzere pane zvose. Vakadzi vanosarudzwa vanobvisa mapira akawanda, vachiita mutsvuku mutsvuku "mapeji". Vakadzi vanodiwa vanoramba basa revakadzi veimba, uye vanotanga kunyatsoziva mabasa evanhu: kutyaira motokari, mitambo yemakadhi, ndege dze ndege. Ifashoni yakauya mukusvuta kukuru. Mutauri wemukadzi akareba, kusvika kune hafu yemamita refu, imwe nyaya yakanyanya yekadzi yefodya nematombo anokosha yakava chipo chakanakisisa chevakadzi vechifashoni.
Zvipfeko zvema makumi maviri zvinoratidzirwa nenzira mbiri: unisex uye dansingomania. Kutungamirirwa kwekutanga - rhino rinokodzera, yechipiri - mazai maduku, kufanana nevatambi ve jazz.
Kuti kuve nekuenzana nevarume, vakadzi veEurope uye America vaipfeka zvigaro zvevarume. Pakukwirira kwekuzivikanwa - mabheti uye shati. Uye nokuda kwekusunungurwa kwechiedza, vamwe vakadzi vakasarudza kunyange tuxedo. Chipfeko chemukadzi wemakore makumi maviri ezana remakore rapfuura chakawedzerwa nechisungo chisina hanya chakakandwa uye chikafu. MuRussia, vakadzi vaipfeka zvipfeko zvevarume, asi izvi zvaive nekuda kwezvimwe zvikonzero. Munyika yekupedzisira-yehondo, pane kusakadza kwakaipisisa kwemavara akanaka. Asi mune imwe yunifomu yejasi. Heano vakadzi uye vakamanikidzwa kushandura mabhete muchikwangwani chiduku, shandura mhete uye shangu dzakasakara. Hazvisi zvekare vechidiki vashanduri vakawedzera chipfeko ichi nejasi rechikanda chemunhu uye kerchief yakajeka.
Mukufanirwa kwemaakumi maviri ezana remakore rapfuura, zvipfeko zvakanyatsocheka, zvakasvibiswa, zvisina maoko, zvine chiuno chakasimba uye chakadzika, chinonyengedza pamitsipa kumashure. Chimiro chezvipfeko zvakadaro zvakasimbisa kuwanda kwechimiro uye kuonda. Kuvonga Kate Moss, zvipfeko zvakadaro zvakadzokera kwatiri mumakore makumi mapfumbamwe emakore ekupedzisira pasi pezita rokuti "heroin chic". Uye kwete pasina chikonzero. Mushure mezvose, makumi maviri, mapiritsi eOpium muhomwe yaiva chinhu chinowanzoonekwa pakati pe "huduku hwegoridhe".
Izvo zvishoma zvoukadzi muzvipfeko zvakabhadharwa nekugadzira. Bvudzi rakatsvuku, rinopofumadzwa meso, rima guru kana mutsvuku mashizha-ruvara rwechokwadi kubva mufirimu yakanyarara. Makumi makumi maviri akadzikisa zvakanyanya urefu hwepfeko. Chigumisiro chacho chaiva chikafu chiduku chemavara neCoco Chanel.
Fesita yakaisa chisarudzo chemashinda. Vagadziri vaishandisa velvet, satin uye silika. Uye akaputirwa kakawanda kumativi pamutsipa, tambo yemaparera yakanga iri mvumo yekushandisa. Iyo fashoni yaisanganisira fur, ikozvino kwete chete sechishongo. Sable kana ruvara rweganda rakatora nzvimbo yaro pamapfudzi evakadzi sekuwedzerwa kwemafashoni kumapfekero emanheru. Chifashoni chemasuo maduku akaita kuti kudiwa kwechikafu zvigadzirwa. Asi sikikiti dzakanga dzisingakwanisi kutenga munhu wese, saka zvishoma kudhura zvakagadzirwa nemaoko zvakange zvisingazivikanwi zvishoma.
Mukuma makumi maviri, kuonekwa kwehombodo kwakashanduka. Pakukwirira kwekuzivikanwa kwakanga kune shangu-zvikepe pane zvitsitsinho zviduku. Vatambi veJazz vakakwereta mahara eardrums. Zvishongo zvakanga zvisingabhadhari, saka mabheti anokosha aive akapfeka kuti azvidzivirire.
Mumakore makumi maviri, iyo, muna 1925, nzira itsva yemafashoni - "chimiro chemaitiro" chakasimuka. Mukushandurwa kubva kuFrance - unyanzvi hwokugadzira. Izvi zvakakonzerwa nekuratidzwa kwemazuva ano ekushongedza uye emabhizimisi ekugadzirwa kwakaitwa muParis. Iyi nzira inoratidzika nemusanganiswa wemhando dzakasiyana. Chinese maitiro, exotic Egypt, African motifs, kune izvi kuwedzera zvishoma avant-garde - kuwana chimiro cheArt Deco, chakakurumbira muma makumi maviri. Iyi tsika yakakonzera kuonekwa kwezvinhu zvekushongedza muhuwandu hwakawanda. Mumakumi maviri, vazhinji veRussian fashion designers vakatamira kuEurope. Uye, zvinoshamisa, vakawana mukurumbira. Kwese kwese yakazarura maRussian fashion houses. Kuda kunobva kuEurope vakadzi vekufashisa vakashandisa mashizha, vakapfeka zvipfeko uye mari yezvishongo. Zvisikwa zveImba yekugadzira "Kitmir" yakapiwa medari yegoridhe pane zvakaratidzwa pamusoro apa.
Mutambo wemakumi maviri wemakore ekupedzisira nhasi unonzi retro. Asi nenzira chaiyo iyi ndiyo yakava hwaro hwemafashoni ose. Zvipfeko, zvipfeko, zvipfeko zvemazuva iwayo dzimwe nguva zvinoratidzika sezvisinganzwisisi kwatiri, asi ivo vakava zvikoro. Yaiva makumi maviri akatipa zviduku zvitsvuku uye zvinonhuwira Chanel No. 5. Ndizvo chete izvi zvatinofanira kuonga nguva isati yasvika.