Kudzidzisa mwana kushandisa gomba ndeyekuti vanaamai pasi rose vatarisane. Uye kunyange zvazvo dambudziko racho riri rimwe chete, mhinduro mune imwe nyika dzakasiyana, dzimwe nguva dzisingaenzaniswi kubva pane zvatinoona. Izvo zvose pamusoro pezvinonzi zvinopesana mumafungiro, humwe hukuru hwehu "kubereka" munyika. Asi izvi hazvirevi kuti hatigoni kukwereta chimwe chinhu kubva kune dzimwe nyika uye tinobudirira kuishandisa! Zvakawanda zvezvipi zvinopiwa "kubva kune imwe nyika" zvakakosha kudzidza , - kutanga kwezvose, kugadzikana uye kufambira mberi kune chivimbo kune chinangwa chinodiwa kunze kwekuzvipira ("Ah, ini ndiri amai vakaipa, nokuti mwana wangu haazivi kushandisa pikicha mumwedzi mitanhatu \ gore \ makore maviri"). Haagoni - dzidza, uye ita saizvozvo , kana nguva yasvika, apo ichava yakagadzirira, saka, yekutanga murairo unobatsira, watinokwereta kubva kunaamai vemamwe nyika: kugadzikana, chete kugadzikana! Zvinhu zvose zvine nguva!
Izvo nenyika iri mu thread
Kune nzira dzakawanda dzekudzidzisa vana "unyanzvi" muEastern Europe chete: zvose zvinogona kuenzaniswa, zvakaitwa kamwechete naPurofesa P. Accardo weVirinary Medical College (USA), uyo akacherechedza mapoka matatu emichina:
Kuzvipira kuhari kubva kumavhiki ekutanga ehupenyu hwemwana. Nzira iyi haisi yepamusoro pakudzidza kuti kukurumidzira sei kudzidzira mwana pombi, zvakadini pakuvandudzika kwezvimwe zvinoratidzira mumamai anodzidza nezvimwe zviratidzo zvekunze (kugomera komwana, kunyanya kuzvidya mwoyo) kuziva kana musikana muduku achida kuenda kuchimbudzi.
Kuzvimirira pati pazera remwana kune makore gumi nemana. Inotarisa kumwana, ndezvezera rino kuti kugadzirisa kwekupedzisira kwepanyama uye kwepfungwa kunoitika, nokuda kwokuti mwana anogona kugadzirisa kunyorera nekuzvidzivirira.
Kuzvipira kuhari pazera remakore matatu. Iyi "nzira ine usimbe" iri kubudiswa pamakore iwayo emwana paanotanga kutevedzera vanhu vakuru uye pakupedzisira, puzzles nemubvunzo uyu: "Sei ndiri mucheche, uye amai vangu nababa vasiri?".
Pakutanga? Iko kutanga. Iko kutanga!
Munyika yedu, semunyika dzakawanda pasi rose, kusvika pakati pezana remakore rapfuura, zvakasarudzwa zvakapiwa kune nzira yekutanga - iyo inonzi yakatanga kudzidziswa. Izvi zvaive zvakanzwisisika: kwakanga kusina mahara, kushambwa kwemichina, zvakare, uye amai vangu vaifarira zvikuru kudzidza kuti vangashandisa sei pakarepo nokukurumidza. Inoramba iri chakavanzika, sei, kusiyana nenyika yose inofambira mberi, isu tichiri kuwirirana nenzira iyi? Ndeipi iyo nzira isina kuoma yekudzidzira kuhari (kana ichiitika panguva yakakodzera uye pasina kukamanikidzwa) inokonzera manzwiro akawanda uye kukakavara kwakanyanya. Zvichida, nokuti vanasekuru vedu navanaamai, avo panguva imwechete vakadzingwa zvakabudirira zvakakosha zvekubudirira sevashandi nemichina yekugeza, vanoramba vachifunga kuti izvi zvakarurama. Uye chii chaicho chiri kuonekwa kwevamwe apo painoonekwa kuti pamwana wako, kune-pamusoro pekutya! - gore rave ikozvino, richiri kupfeka jira rinogona kuraswa. Uye iye zvino amai vechidiki vanotanga kuzvirangarira uye vanobudisa "chaiyo yehondo."
Asi izvi ndizvo chaizvo izvo zvakaipa. Musanditenda ini? Tarisa bhuku, rakabudiswa kuma1930s ari kure, Gessel's "Manual on the Mental Development of the Child," kubva pachikoro chekudzidziswa kwezvinyorwa, kubva pahupenyu hwezvinhu zvekuyaruka kwevana vaduku, maererano nekutsvakurudza kwaGessel, kwakaitwa nevana vaviri, apo mumwe akadzidziswa ku iyo iyo inotanga, uye yechipiri - mushure memwedzi 15-18, kuchikoro kuchikoro kusvika pombi haina kuuya nemugumisiro wakanaka. Izvo izvo vanaamai vakanyatsoteerera pavanenge vachiri vaduku havatungamiri kune unyanzvi hunosimbiswa, uye muzera rekare Zvakanga zviri nyore uye pasina kushanda, saka zvinobvunzwa, saka nei uchizvitambudza iwe uye mwana? "Benjamin Spock, uyo akatanga kutaurira pfungwa yekugadzirira kwomwana kudzidzira unyanzvi uyu, akarayira kuita chipo chake pakuregererwa kubva pakudzidziswa kwekutanga muhari yezvesayenzi, uye mune izvi zvakagadzirirwa vabereki kuti varege kukurumidza .
Zviri nani kunonoka kudarika?
Zvidzidzo pamusoro pekudzidziswa kwevana kuenda kuhari zvaive zvichiitwa mukati rose muzana remakore rekupedzisira, uye izvi zvose zvakatungamirira kukuti zvishoma nezvishoma nzira yekutanga kuMadokero yakamira kuti ibudirire, uye nguva iyo vana vakatanga kutora huchenjeri uhwu yakashanduka kubva pamwedzi 7 kusvikira kumakumi maviri. Panguva imwecheteyo, chii chakakosha, mafungiro evabereki panyaya iyi yakashandukawo - huwandu hwekupindira kwavo mukugadzirisa huri kuderedzwa. Mune mamwe mazwi, amai nababa vakaramba vachizvidya mwoyo pamusoro pehukama hwomukomana nehutu hunotanga sei. Parizvino, kumadokero, danho rekudzidzira-self-service rinotora nguva yakareba pakati pemwedzi 18 ne36, uye zvinotarisirwa kuti vabereki vanobata sei urongwa uhwu. Mumwe, uye mugore nehafu zvinoratidzika kuti inguva, uye mumwe munhu 3 zvakanyarara zvinoreva kuti mwana anogara ari mucheka. Somuenzaniso, zvakaratidzwa kuti kusungira muhari hakusi kungoenderana chete nenyika yekugara uye mari yemhuri, asiwo - amai veimba vari kushanda kana kushanda. Zvinotendwa kuti kana mukadzi achishanda, iye panzvimbo pacho anotanga kudzidzira mwana kumuti nokuti inonyanya kufarira kumubata kuti ave oga kuzvimiririra nokukurumidza.Tingafunga kuti nzira iyi inoshamisa, asi inongotaura chete kuti hapana chakaipa mukuchengetedza kubva kuchikoro chekutanga kuenda kuhari. Kusiyana naizvozvo, mwana anokura akadzikama, uye amai vacho havashandi zvakawandisa, uye kurovedza kunotangira kubva pamwedzi 18, apo zviratidzo zvose zvekugadzirira kwomwana kudzidza unyanzvi hunoonekwa (kukwanisa kunyatsochenjerera basa remukumbo, kukwanisa kuratidza zvishuvo zvomunhu nemashoko, i.e. kumbira pombi, chido chekuzvibata "chikuru.") Mune mamwe mazwi, mwana akagadzirira, haafungi kudzidza zvinhu zvitsva, uye anotanga kuzviita zvishoma nezvishoma uye asingamanikidzwi kubva kuvanhu vakuru.
Uye zvakadaro zvakakosha
Zvino, zvingaita sokuti, kana zvinhu zvose zviri zvemashiripiti uye zviri nyore, sei urege kumborega kunetseka pamusoro pazvo? Zvakanaka, iwe unofunga, hapazovi nemwana kushandisa pombi pamakore maviri. MuTurkey imwecheteyo, somuenzaniso, vanotanga kudzidzisa vana kuzvitonga pamakore 22-28, uye muSweden neHolland - pa32-37, uye hapana, hakuna munhu akakurira.
Hungu, kunetseka, chokwadi, hazvina kukodzera. Asi zvakare hazvifaniri kutendera zvinhu kuti zviende pachavo. Muzvinhu zvose zvakakosha kuti titevedzere kunzwisisa. Saizvozvowo, "simbe" mafungiro ezvesayenzi yehupiti inotungamirira kukuti mwana anorasikirwa nekudikanwa kweunyanzvi hwakadaro, kureva kuti, mumakore matatu kana kupfuura apfuura haatombozivi kuti sei aifanira kushandisa iyo kana asati apindura zvakanaka nezvake nemubatsiri wejasi uye inoshandiswa kune iyi mamiriro ezvinhu. Saka, vanachiremba vanotaura kuti kunonoka kunonoka kuhari kunogona kukonzera kusagadzikana kubva kumwana (sekupikisa pazera remakore), kutungamirira kumagumo ekuramba kushandisa gomba uye chimbuzi, kunyanya kana tikashandisa mazwi aya kune chokwadi chedu, zvinoramba zvisingazivikanwi kuti, mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, kupa mwana kuchikoro chegoroke, kana pane chido chokuti mwana wacho aifanira kuuya kwavari kare ane unyanzvi hukuru hwokuzvipira (anogona kufamba pahari) .
Kurongedza zvose zvataurwa pamusoro apa, tichaona kuti yegoridhe zvinoreva ndiyo nzira inogamuchirwa.
Kudzidziswa kwokutanga kwemucheche kumubhodhoro - kazhinji kunopa migumisiro uye kunounza dambudziko rakawanda kuna amai nemwana.
Kunonoka-kunotungamirira kukuti vabereki vanorasikirwa nenguva yekugadzirira kwepanyama kudzidza kuhari, uye shure kweizvozvo - nzira yekuziva unyanzvi hwebumbiki inosangana nematambudziko. Funga nezvekuvandudzwa kwemwana wako, nyatsoteerera kana akagadzirira "munhu mukuru wezvesa." Uye kana uchangobva kuona kuve kwakagadzirira (pamusana, gore negumi zviputi), zvishoma nezvishoma uye unobtrusively anotanga kuidzidzisa.