Sei usingafaniri kunyara kutya?
Musoro wekutya kwevana uye nzira dzekumanikidza zvakanyanya kudarika zvinoratidzika kune vanhu vakuru. "Iwe watova mukomana mukuru, hausi kunyara kutya imbwa duku yakadai (mvura, motokari, vavakidzani vakasimba, nezvimwewo)?" - tinowanzoti, kubvisa kunze kwe "kutya" kwevana. Zvingave kutya kwedu: hutano hwevadikanwa, kusava nemari, benzi rinotyisa, chirongwa chisina kuzadzirwa chirongwa ... Asi pamusoro pekuti mwana anonzwa sei kutya kwehuduku hwake uye nzira dzokurwa nadzo muhuduku hwake, nenzira dzakawanda dzinobva mukufara uye kuvimba kwake achakura. Uye mune simba revabereki kumubatsira.
Anxiety Development
Kutya kunokonzerwa nenjodzi chaiyo, vanoona nezvepfungwa vanoti "chimiro". Kana mbwa yakaipa yemufudzi ichirwisa mwana, hazvishamisi kuti akatanga kutya imbwa dzose. Uye kutya kwakadaro kunobatsira nyore nyore kugadzirisa mupfungwa.
Zvakaoma zvikuru uye zvakajeka ndizvo zvinonzi "munhu oga" kutya, izvo zvinoratidzika kwete zvekunze asi zvezviitiko zvemukati, hupenyu hwemweya. Vakawanda vane chikonzero chekuita: vanogara vachionekwa mumwana wese sezvavanokura, kunyange zvazvo vachiita zvakasiyana. Vanowanzotumidzwa se "kukura kunetseka". Pakutanga, mwana anonyatsozvibatanidza naamai vake, anofunga kuti ari chikamu chake, asi kwemwedzi inomwe anotanga kunzwisisa: amai vake havasi vake, iye chikamu chenyika huru mune vamwe vanhu. Uye panguva iyoyo inouya kutya kwevasingazivi. Paunosangana nevanhu vatsva kumwana, mai vanofanira kuyeuka matambudziko omwana uye usamanikidze kana mwana wacho akaramba kutaurirana nevashanyi. Maonero aanoita ivo, anovaka pane zvinoonekwa maamai: kana akafara kusangana, mwana acharamba achinyatsonzwisisa kuti uyu "wake".
Kufanana nezvimwe zvinetso zvekukura , kutya kwevasingazivi kunokosha uye kwepanyama. Kana mwana akazara nekuchema, kana bedzi paanoona munhu kunze, - zvingave zvakakosha kubatsira munyanzvi nekutya kwevana uye nzira dzokurwa nadzo. Asi iyo inofara inobata mumaoko omumwe mutorwa haisiwo tsika. Kana mwana, asingatarisi kumashure kuna amai vake, anomhanyira kure nehoveti kana kunyange chimwe chinhu chinofadza; kana asingatyi achipinda mumvura pazuva rokutanga pagungwa - uyu unhu hunofanirwa kukurukurirana nemunhu wepfungwa. Tinogona kufunga kuti nzira yakasarudzwa yekuparadzanisa haina kupedzwa, "akashinga" haanzwi akaparadzaniswa naamai vake uye naizvozvo haanetseki pamusoro pokuchengeteka kwake.
Pazera remwedzi mipfumbamwe kusvikira pagore, mwana anobva atanga kufamba-famba mumba uye panguva imwechete anochengeta amai (mbuya, nanny) vachiona. Iye zvino anoziva kutya kwekusurukirwa, kurasikirwa kwechinhu chaidiwa. "Zvakakosha kuti panguva yakadaro amai vaivepo uye vanogona kuita pakarepo kudanwa kwomucheche," anodaro mumwe mwana wepfungwa dzepfungwa, chiremba wepfungwa anonzi Anna Kravtsova. - Zvakaipa kwazvo kuranga kusurukirwa. Apo amai vangu vanoti: "Ndaneta newe, enda kunorara pane imwe nzvimbo, asi iwe unonyarara-iwe uchauya" - izvi zvinowedzera kushungurudzika kwomwana.
Anenge makore 3 kusvika ku4, pamwe chete nemanzwiro ekutadza, vana vanotanga kunzwa kutya chirango. Panguva ino, vanoedza zvakawanda nezvinhu zvakasiyana, tarisai
vane mikana, vanoongorora hukama hwavo nenyika, kunyanya nevadikanwa vavo. Vakomana vacho vanoti: "Pandinokura, ndinoroora Amai!"; uye vasikana vanotaura kuti vachasarudza baba vavo nokuda kwevarume. Zvose izvi zvinotyisa zvinokwezva uye zvinotyisa, nokuti vanotya zvinoguma. Maererano naAna Kravtsova, kutya kwekwenya ye toothy ndiko kwakafanana kuranga chirango: kana ndine ruzivo uye ndinotanga kutsvaga zviri mumuromo make, ingwe icharova kubva munwe!
Havasi vanhu vakangwara zvikuru vanotanga kushevedza vana vane makore matatu kusvika kumana vasina maturo sechiremera chemapurisa, vabati vemoto, Babu Yaga uye kunyange vapfuura-ne ("Kana iwe uchidanidzira saizvozvo, ndichakupa kuna babamunini uyu!"). "Nokudaro, vanhu vakuru vari kushandisa zvinetso zviviri zvepabonde panguva imwechete: kutya kwevasingazivi uye kutya kutya kurasikirwa naamai vavo," anotsanangura kudaro chiremba wacho. "Hazvireve kuti zvinoreva kuti mwana achatanga kutya mapurisa kana vadziviriri vemoto, asi zvinenge zvichiitika kuti huwandu hwekuzvidya mwoyo huchawedzera, uye kutya kukuru kunowedzera. Kuedza kunyorera vana, kuti vateerere kuteerera, munhu anofanira kugara achiyeuka kuti kuteerera nekuzvimirira, kuzvidzora kune zvimwe zvinhu zvakasiyana. "
Rufu ruduku
Panenge nezera rimwechete, vana vanotanga kuona kutyisa nerima panguva yehuduku hwekutya uye nzira dzokubata nayo. "Kutya rima mumakore matatu nemakumi mana kunofanana nekutya rufu," Kravtsova anoenderera mberi. - Panguva ino, vana vanofunga kuti vanhu vanogona kuenda kure, zvisinei kuti vanodzoka nguva dzose. Chinoti chinoputsa, chinhu chakanyangarika zvachose, izvi zvose zvinoratidza kuti kunyange zvakafanana zvinogona kuitika kuvanhu, kusanganisira vadiwa. " Kazhinji panguva iyi mwana anotanga kubvunza mibvunzo pamusoro perufu.
Uye vana vakawanda , avo vasati vaine zvinetso zvekurara, vanotanga kuva capricious, vanoramba kuenda kunhovo, vanokumbirwa kuti vashandure chiedza, vape mvura, - munzira dzose dzinonoka kupedza basa kuti varare. Mushure mezvose, kurara rufu ruduku, nguva iyo isu tisingagoni kudzora isu pachedu. "Zvakadini kana chimwe chinhu chichiitika kuhama dzangu panguva ino? Uye zvakadini kana ndikasamuka? "- mwana anonzwa nenzira iyi (haafungi, hongu).
Hazvibviri kumuratidza kuti rufu haruzi zvakaipa. Munhu mukuru uye iyeye anotya rufu, uye kunyanya kunotyisa kwaari ndiko rufu rwemwana wake. Nokudaro, kuitira kuti tibvise kuzvidya mwoyo kwevanhu vaduku, tinoda kuumba pfungwa yekudzikama: tiri pedyo, tiri vakanaka pamwe chete pamwe chete, tinofara kurarama. "Zvino tavaverenga bhuku racho, saka nhau inopera, uye iwe uchaenda kuchikwereti" - awa ndiwo mazwi akanaka ekudzivisa mwana. "Unofunga kuti iwe uchazorora here? Pamwe unoda chimwe chinhu? "- asi aya mazwi anowedzera kushungurudzika kwemwana. Kutya kwerima kunogona kuwedzerwa pazera rinotevera, pamakore mana kusvika ku5, nekuda kwekusimudzirwa kwefungiro, kufungidzira kufunga. Kufungidzira nezvehupenyu hwake hweramangwana uye kutya kwekurangwa nokuda kwezvikonzero izvi zvinokonzera mafungiro ake mifananidzo kubva mabhuku nemavhidhiyo: Baba Yaga, Grey Wolf, Kashchei, uye, hongu, nhau dzemazuva ano dzinotyisa, kubva kune varoyi vakaipa kubva ku "Harry Potter" kuna Mwarizilla (kana Vabereki vanobvumira mwana kutarisa firimu yakadaro). Nenzira, vazhinji vezvepfungwa vanobvumirana kuti Baba-Yaga vanobatanidza archetype yaamai: anokwanisa kuva nomutsa, kudya, kupa gumeri pamugwagwa, asi anogonawo, kana chimwe chinhu chisina kumuitira.
Kudzivirira mwana kubva kunhau dzinotyisa hazvina maturo uye zvinokuvadza. Vanaamai vakawanda, vachiverenga nhau dzevana, vanogadzirisa kuguma kuitira kuti zvose panguva imwechete zvive zvakanaka, uye mhumhi haina kunyange kuedza ku Little Red Riding Hood. Asi vana vanodanidzira vachiti: "Kwete, iwe wakavhiringidza zvinhu zvose, hazvina kudaro!" "Tinoda ruzivo rwekutya kuitira kuti tidzidze kutarisana nazvo," Anna Kravtsova anogutsikana. - Mukuwedzera, nhau dzepano dzinokubvumira kuti udzokere zvakare, unzwisise kuti hazvisi zvachose. Mune imwe nzira mhumhi yakaipa, yakaipa, uye mune imwe iyo inobatsira Ivan Tsarevich. "Harry Potter" muenzaniso wakanaka, nokuti kuburikidza neshoko rose musoro wekukunda zvinotyisa ndeye tsvuku tsvuku. Haasi iye asina kutya, asi uyo akakwanisa kuzvikunda pachake.
Chimwe chinhu - vanhu vakuru vanofadzwa , varume vane pfuti. Vanotyisa kwazvo, asi mwana haagoni kuedza nyaya yacho pachezvaiye, achidzokorora kutya kwake. "
Zvisinei, mafirimu uye nhau dzinongova chitubu chemifananidzo chete, dzinogona kuunganidzwa kubva kupi zvako, kunyange kubva pamufananidzo uri pamapuraneti. Chikonzero chekuwedzera kwekushushikana kwepanyama ndiyo mamiriro mumhuri. Kuvhiringidzika kwevabereki kunopesvedzerwa nekutya kwakasimba kwakasiyana-siyana: kuparadzwa kwenyika, kurasikirwa nechimwe chinhu chaidiwa, kusurukirwa uye kurangwa (mumakore matatu kusvika kumana mwana anogutsikana kuti vabereki vanokakavadzana uye kunyange kurambana nemusana pemufambiro wake wakaipa). Mukuwedzera, kushungurudzika kwehuduku kunowedzera nehutano hwemhuri: mitemo yakaoma, mitongo yakaoma, maximimalism, kutsoropodza uye kutsamwa kwevabereki. Kuparadzaniswa kwenyika maererano nemutemo we "mutsvuku" - "mutsvuku" kunoita kuti mwana we absoluteness uye asingabvumirwi zvemhuka dzinobva mumafungiro ake nekutya kwevana uye nzira dzekurwa nadzo.
Zvisinei, kurarama zvachose pasina mitemo kunotyisawo. Zvakachengeteka kuti mwana anonzwa munyika umo kunakidzwa, kutarisirwa uye kugadzikana kutonga (somuenzaniso, mangwanani oga oga amai vanozvivhara muimba yekugezera kwemaminitsi gumi, uye anoramba ari oga, asi Amai havasi kumhanya ikoko vachidzingura musuo semapenzi uye kwete vachichera ipapo kweawa, iyo inoratidzika sekusingaperi kumwana).
Kuenzanisa nematatu asingazive
Nemanzwiro nekufungidzira, pane kumwe kutya kumwe-kutya kwemvura. Pano pane nuance: kana kutya kwemvura kwakamuka mushure mekunge chimwe chiitiko (chakasvikirwa pamusoro pegungwa, chimedza mvura mumvura yevana), saka izvi hazvisi zvevanhu, asi kutya. Zvisinei, vana vakawanda kubva pakutanga vanobata mvura nekuchenjerera, kunyange ivo vanotanga kuda kugezera. Kuwanikwa kwemvura ndiko kuwanikwa kwekunzwa, kupesana nezvinhu zvisingazivikanwi. Kunyanya kushinga mwana kuedza kune dzimwe nzvimbo, vabereki vanonyatsokurudzira kuti vadzidze zvinhu zvitsva, zviri nyore kuti iye atore mvura sechinhu chinonakidza, kwete chinotyisa.
Izvi, nenzira, zvinoshanda kuvanhu vakuru. Tinotya izvo zvisingazivikanwi (kunyanya, the otherworldly), asi pane vanhu vanofara vanobata zvisinganzwisisiki zviitiko nechishuvo chakanaka. Sezviri pachena, ivo vaive nekutsvakurudza kushingaira kwevana.
Vachizivikanwa "vabereki vadzidzisi" Nikitin akabvumira vana vake kuti vadzidze nyika vari voga: somuenzaniso, havana kuchengetedza vana pavaienda kumoto. Zvishoma zvakatsva pasi pekutarisirwa kwemai vake, mwana wacho atoziva kare kuti "maruva matsvuku" haagoni kusvika. "Iwe unogona kuita izvi, asi iwe unofanirwa kuyeuka chiyero chacho," Kravtsova akati. - Amai vanogara vachiziva kuti rudzi rweiedzo "X" runogona kutsungirira mwana. Semuenzaniso, iye atova akakwanisa, akawira pasi uye akaputira bvi, kuti amuke, azvichengete, kuti asvike, asi kwete kuchema. Amai vanogona kuwedzera zvakanyanya kune "X" uye "igruk": musazvibata kana achifamba munzira inotsvedza. Kana uchinge wawa, mwana wacho acharamba akasimba, asi mum mumugadzikana, asi iye, zvichida, achadzidza kuchengetedza, anofambira mberi mukuziva kwenyika. Asi kana tikawedzera "zet" kune iyi equation, ichava yakawandisa kumwana: kugadzirisa, kupisa kwakasimba, kuora mwoyo mupfungwa kuchaita kuti mwana ave chisikwa chinotyisa. "
Funny Ghost
Kana zvinhu zvose zvakanaka mumhuri, vabereki vanonyatsokumbira uye vanononoka kuteterera, mwana wacho anodzokorora uye anoona kukura nehanya ivo pachavo, vasina rubatsiro runobva kuvakuru. Zvimwe kutya zvinogona kuonekwa gare gare, apo mwana anova munhu mukuru, anowedzera nezvenguva yekuoma mupfungwa. Vakadzi vakawanda, vachitambudzika, vanotanga kutarisa kaviri kana dare ravharwa; vamwe vanotya kurara muimba isina chinhu; vamwe vanotambudzwa nehope shure kwekutarisa zvinonakidza; mumwe munhu uye nhasi uno anotya mvura. Kutya kurasikirwa nechinhu chaidiwa (mwana, murume) chinogona kutitadzisa kupenga, kutora unhu hwechibibia. Zvisinei, kazhinji kacho kuputika uku kunopera, zvakakosha kugadzirisa mamiriro acho ezvinhu.
Saka, muzviitiko zvizhinji, kutya hazvipindi kukanganisa nemwana. Asi zvakadaro iwe unogona kumubatsira kuti atarisana navo nekukurumidza. Kunyanya vanoda rubatsiro rwevakuru, kana sarudzo inopinda mumanyengeri. Basa rokutanga uye rakaoma zvikuru nderokuziva kuti mwana anotya chii chaizvo. Dzimwe nguva izvi hazvisi pachena. "Rimwe zuva ndakasangana nemusikana, uyo akaudzwa kuti ane chirwere chembwa," anodaro Anna Kravtsova. - Nguva dzose mangwanani, nekukurumidza kupfeka mwanasikana wavo kuti amutore kumukoti, amai vangu vakanzwa kuchema kwemusikana uyu: "Handizopfeki jira!" Sezvo imbwa yacho yakanga yakashongedzwa pamucheka, amai vangu vakambobvunza kuti: "Unotya imbwa here?" akabvumirana uye kubva panguva apo chimwe chinhu chakakanganisika, nguva dzose aishevedzera achiti: "Ndinotya imbwa!" Kutaura zvazviri, akaramba kupfeka, nokuti aiziva: zvino amai vachakurumidza kumutora kumureri ndokunyangarika kwezuva rose. Kunyoreswa kweamai kusina kururama kwakaratidza joke ane utsinye. "
Usati wabvunza mwana zvaanotya, iwe unofanira kufungisisa uye kumuchengeta. Kazhinji, kutya hakuratidziki pamashoko zvachose - muviri chete "unotaura". Mwana - ane makore mashanu muchekechera anotanga kurwara nguva dzose nokuti anotya kuparadzana naamai vake. Munhu anotanga kugadzira haagoni kufungidzira kuti mangwanani oga oga marwadzo mumimba mushure mekunge chikoro chiri kutya kutya, kutya kwe "deuce." Kuzvidya mwoyo kwakadaro kunogona kuratidzika nekuita seune usimbe: mwana wechikoro anoramba kuzviita ari oga, pamwe chete naamai vake. Zvechokwadi, iye achangoda kuvhara, kugoverana mutoro naye. Zvinowanzoitika kuti muongorori wepfungwa chete anokwanisa kuratidza chikonzero chechokwadi. Asi kana zvatove zvawanikwa, kana kubva pakutanga zvakange zvakajeka, saka nzira yakanakisisa yekurwisana kutya ndeyokutamba. Mu "Harry Potter" kune chiitiko apo mumwe nomumwe wevadzidzi vekusemesa chikoro Hogwarts akapinda mumaoko ebhokisi rine usiku hunokosha zvikuru, uye zvaive zvichikwanisika kurarama nacho, kuchiratidza nenzira isingadi. Somuenzaniso, mudzidzisi anotyisa kwazvo mumwe mukomana akapfeka muhope uye nguvo dzegogo vake.
Iwe unogona kutora pane kutya kwekutora, kunyora nhau dzinonakidza pamusoro pavo, nhau, nhetembo. Mwanakomana weshamwari yangu mukirasi yekutanga aitya kwazvo wekudzidza naye - musikana akasimba, akakwirira-uyo akarova vose vakomana vekutanga. Akabatsirwa nerwiyo rwakanyorwa nababa, umo maive nemashoko akawanda okunyomba pamusoro pemusikana. Nguva imwe neimwe, achipfuura nemumwe munhu waaidzidza naye, mukomana wacho akaimba chinyararire, achinyemwerera, uye zvishoma nezvishoma kutya kwake kwakanyangarika.