Vagadziri vemapurogenjini vanoti vanogona kugadzirisa dambudziko rezara: shure kwezvose, mbeu dzavo dzinodzivirirwa kubva kune zvidzvara uye dzinopa zvibereko zvikuru. Sei, gore roga roga, dzimwe nyika dzinoramba kushandisa zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi? Uye chii chinokonzerwa neGGOs pamusoro pehutano hwevanhu? Kurukurai?
Munguva ichangopfuura, mumwe muRussian akagara muhurumende akazvirumbidza kuti kwemakore anoverengeka haazive matambudziko nekukura mbatatisi pane dacha yake nzvimbo. Uye zvose nokuti, nokuda kwezvikonzero zvisingazivikanwi kwaari, Colorado's beetle haidyi. Kuvonga "shoko remuromo" mbatatisi yakakurumidza kuenda kune minda yevamwe nevavakidzani vakange vasingakwanisi kuwana zvakakwana zvekubvisa matambudziko. Hapana mumwe wavo aive nemafungiro ekuti aive achiita nemazai akasiyana-siyana e "New Leaf", ayo akachengetedzwa zvakachengetwa kubva kuedza mamiriro ekuma makumi ekuma 90. Zvichakadaro, maererano nehuwandu hwemashoko, chibage chose, chakawanikwa nekuda kwechiitiko ichi, chaifanira kuparadzwa nekuda kwekushaya kwehuchapupu hwekuchengeteka kwayo.
Mazuva ano, zvikamu zvisingagoneki zvinowanika mune zvakawanda zvekudya kwedu kwemazuva ose, kunyange mumisanganiswa yevana. Ngatiedzei kunzwisisa kuti zvii zvisikwa zvakagadziriswa ndezvipi uye ndezvipi zvinetso zvinosanganiswa nekushandiswa kwavo.
Wamasimba Ose
Inyanzvi dzemazuva ano dzinobvumira masayendisiti kutora majini kubva mumasero echimwe chinhu uye azvibatanidza mumasero emumwe, anoti, muti kana mhuka. Pamusana pekufambisa uku, muviri unopa chimiro chitsva - somuenzaniso, kurwisana nechimwe chirwere kana chirwere, kusanaya, chishu, uye zvimwe zvinoratidzika zvinobatsira. Genetic engineering yakapa munhu mukana wekuita zvishamiso. Makumi mashomanana akapfuura pfungwa chaiyo yekuyambuka, inoti, tomato nehove, yakaita seisina musoro. Uye nhasi pfungwa iyi yakabudirira kubudirira nekuumba tomata inotonhorera-geni reNorth Atlantic rima rakaputirwa mumiriwo. Chiitiko chakafanana chakaitwa ne strawberries. Imwe muenzaniso ndeyehutamato iyo Colorado beetle isingadyi (kutumisa pasi bhakitiriya geni kumuti wakapa iyo yekukwanisa kubudisa mumashizha ayo ipuroteni inotyisa yebeetle). Pane humwe uchapupu hwekuti "scorpion gene" yakabatanidzwa mugorosi kuti ivimbise kusagadzikana kunzvimbo dzakasviba. Japanese genetics yakagadzirisa geni repinashiro mumagenome egove: semugumisiro, nyama yakava isina mafuta.
Maererano nehutano hwehurumende, mahekitare anopfuura 60 mamiriyoni akadyarwa munyika nhasi nema GM mbeu (soybean, maize, chibharo, kamba, rizi, gorosi, uye shuga beet, mbatata uye fodya). Kazhinji kazhinji, zvirimwa zvinomera zvinorwisana nemishonga inorasikirwa, zvipembenene kana mavairasi. Uyewo mavari akavakirwa zvirwere nemishonga inorwisa zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana. Semuenzaniso, lettuce inobereka chirwere chinopikisa hepatitis B, bhanana ine an analgin, rice rine vitamin A.
Transgenic yemiti kana michero yakajeka, yakakura, yakasviba uye isina unnaturally yakakwana. Iwe uchagadzirisa iyi yakanaka apule yeapisi - inorara maawa mashoma machena-uye-white. Uye yedu ye "mhepo yakachena inodururira" mushure memaminitsi makumi maviri, inofadza mumapurogiramu, iyo inowanikwa nenzira yakasikwa.
Kupfuura isu pangozi?
Mamiriyoni evanhu pasi pose vanodya GMO zvokudya zuva nezuva. Panguva imwecheteyo, mubvunzo wekubatsira kweGGOs pamusoro pehutano hwevanhu hahuna kupindurwa. Hurukuro panyaya iyi inopfuurira munyika mazuva anopfuura gumi. Genetics masayendisiti haazovi nemafungiro akajeka pamusoro pekuti mabhizimusi anogadziriswa anoshanda sei mumuviri womunhu nemigumisiro inogoneka yekushandiswa kwavo munguva yemberi iri kure. Mushure mezvose, makore anopfuura makumi maviri apfuura kubva pakuonekwa kwavo, uye iyi ndiyo nguva pfupi yekupedzisira. "Dzimwe nyanzvi dzinofunga kuti maitiro emagetsi anokwanisa kukonzera kushanduka kwemararamiro mumasero emuviri womunhu.
Masayendisiti haabvumi kuti GMOs inogona kukonzera mishonga yepamusoro uye kukanganisa kwakakomba kwemagetsi, uyewo kuwedzera ngozi yezviremara zvinouraya, kudzivirira zvirwere zvemuviri uye kutungamirira kudzivirira kune zvimwe zvipembenene zvemishonga. Zuva roga roga kune zvitsva zvesayenzi zvinotsigira chokwadi chekusava nesimba kweGGOs pamhuka yekuedza, umo maitiro ose mumuviri anoramba achikurumidza kupfuura vanhu.
Pane kunetseka kuti kushandiswa kwose kwemajeni ekudzivirira maantibioti pakusikwa kweGGOs kunogona kuita kuti kupararira kwematambudziko matsva emabhakitiriya epathogenic asingateereri "zvombo" zvinopesana nezvirwere. Muchiitiko ichi, mishonga yakawanda inenge isingabatsiri.
Maererano nekutsvakurudza kwevaScience bhritish yakabudiswa muna 2002, transgenes ine nzvimbo yekugara mumutumbi wemunhu uye, semugumisiro wezvainzi "kutenderera kwakakwana", kuti ibatanidzwe mumararamiro emakumbo emakumbo (aimbove yakadaro yakarambwa). Muna 2003, nhamba yekutanga yakagadzirwa kuti zvikamu zveGM zvakawanikwa mumukaka wemhou. Uye gore rakatevera dambudziko remashoko ekudarika rakaratidzwa muzvinyorwa muzvinyama zvekuku, zvakadyarwa kuG GM chibage.
Masayendisiti anonyanya kusimbisa zvipingamupinyi zvinoshandiswa nekushandiswa kwe-transgenes mune mishonga. Muna 2004, imwe kambani yeAmerica yakashuma kusikwa kwezviyo zvakasiyana-siyana, kubva kwairi kurongwa kugamuchira zvirongwa zvekudzivirira kubata pamuviri. Kurasira kusingadzorwiki kwezvakasiyana-siyana nezvimwe zvirimwa zvinogona kutungamirira kune zvinetso zvakakomba nekubereka.
Pasinei nezvakataurwa pamusoro apa, zvinofanirwa kuongororwa kuti zvidzidzo zvekare zvekuchengeteka kwezvinhu zvisiri izvo zvisati zvaitwa, naizvozvo hakuna munhu anogona kutaura nezvekukanganisa kupi kwevanhu. Zvisinei, pamwe chete nekuramba.
GMO muchiRussia
Vanhu vakawanda vokuRussia havambofungi kuti kudya kwemajini zvakashandurwa kwenguva refu. Zvechokwadi, pasinei nokuti muRussia hapana mhando yemiti isingaparidzi inokurudzirwa zvirimwa zvekutengesa, zvidzidzo zvemasango zveMMM marudzi akamboitwa kubva kuma 90. Zvinotendwa kuti miedzo yokutanga yakaitwa muna 1997-1998. Zvinyorwa zvavo zvaive zvinyorwa zvitsva zvemazamu "New Leaf" nekurwisana neColor beetle, shuga beet, kusagadziriswa nehuraki uye chibage, kusagadzikana kune zvipembenene zvinokuvadza. Muna 1999, miedzo iyi yakabviswa pamutemo. Hazvina maturo kutaura, nokuda kweiyo nguva yose kuwanda kwekugadzira zvinhu zvakatorwa nevarimi pamwe chete uye vagari vemuzhizha nokuda kwekukura pazvirongwa zvavo. Saka kana uchitenga mbatatisi mumusika kune mukana wekuti "mhanya uende" iwochetewo "New sheet".
MunaAugust 2007, sarudzo yakagamuchirwa, maererano nezvinodiwa uye kutengeswa kwemiti yakagadzirwa nemararamiro akasiyana-siyana anodarika 0.9%, inofanira kuitwa kunze kwekunge pane chiratidzo chakakodzera. Uyewo, kukohwa, kukonzerwa uye kutengeswa kwezvokudya zvevana, izvo zvine GMOs, zvakarambidzwa.
Nhamo, Russia yakanga isati yakagadzirira kushandisa mutemo uyu, sezvo kusvikira nhasi hakuna urongwa hwekutonga kwekucherechedza, mirayiridzo yekutengesa, hakuna ma laboratori akakwana akafanirwa kuongororwa kwehupo hwe GMO muzvigadzirwa. Uye patinozopedzisira tadzidza chokwadi chose pamusoro pekwakabva kwezvinhu mumabhuku edu, hazvizivikanwi asi ruzivo rwechokwadi pamusoro pehupo hweGM components mune zvekudya zvinotanga kutanga pane zvose kuitira kuti usarudze kana uchiwana kana kwete. Uye usaisa pangozi utano hwako.
Kunyorera!
Soy pachayo hairevi dambudziko. Kune zvakawanda zvemapuroteni emaprota, zvinokosha zve microelements nemavhitamini. Munguva iyi, zvinopfuura 70% zve soya yakabudiswa munyika ino marudzi akasiyana-siyana. Uye ndechipi che soy - chaiyo kana kwete - chikamu chemishonga yakawanda pane mashefu ezvitoro zvedu, hazvizivikanwi.
Iko kunyorwa kwechigadzirwa "modified starch" hazvirevi kuti ine GMOs. Chaizvoizvo, starch yakadaro inowanikwa chemakemikari pasina kushandisa genetic engineering. Asi simashi inogonawo kuchinja - kana GM-gorosi kana GM-mbatata yakashandiswa sezvinhu zvakagadzirwa.
Ivai vakangwarira!
MuEurope, kune zvigadzirwa zveMM, imwe sarabheti yakasiyana inogoverwa muzvitoro, uye mapoka emakambani anoshandisa michina yekutengesa inobudiswa. Izvi zvisati zvaitika, zvinoratidzika, zvichiri kure. Chii chingaita kune avo vasingadi kushandisa zvokudya zvakagadziriswa? Mazano mashomanana chaiwo achabatsira kudzivisa kutenga kunoshamisa.
• Kunze kwezvinhu, zvinowanikwa neGM components hazvisi zvakasiyana nezvakagadzirwa, hazvina kutora kana ruvara, kana kunhuwa. Saka, usati wazvitenga chigadzirwa, nyatsoverenga shanduro, kunyanya kana iri chigadzirwa chakabva kune dzimwe nyika.
• Chengetedza zvakanyanya kune zvigadzirwa zvakadai semafuta emaori, chibage chezviyo, corn starch, soy protein, soybean mafuta, soy sauce, kudya kwe soybean, mafuta echikwata uye canola mafuta (kubata mafuta).
• Soy protein inogona kuwanikwa mune zvinotevera zvinoshandiswa: sausage, pate vermicelli, doro, chingwa, pie, zvokudya zvechando, zvipfuwo uye kunyange zvokudya zvevana.
• Kana iyo inonzi "mapuroteni emichero" pane iyo yakanyorwa, inogona kunge iine soy - zvinokwanisika kuti inotapukira.
• Kazhinji, GMOs inogona kuviga mushure meE indices. Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika se lecithin (E 322), iyo inowanzoshandiswa pakugadzira chokoti, marudzi ose ekubika, margarini uye zvinhu zvakawanda zvekudya. Iyo yakagadzirwa nejeni-yakagadziriswa, aspartame (E 951), ndiyo yechipiri inonyanya kunakidza uye inowanikwa mune zvakawanda zvezvokudya zvakadai sezvinwiwa zvinotapira, chokoti inopisa, gum gums, sweets, yoghurts, shanduko dzinosvibisa, mavhithamini, kuora mwoyo, Iyo inopisa kunopisa ye +30 ° C, aspartame inoparara, kuumba yakasimba zvikuru yekemikari formaldehyde uye methanol ine chepfu. Kusvibisa ne aspartame kunokonzera kupera, chizivi, shumba, kugumburwa, kurwadziwa pamwe chete uye kurasikirwa kwekunzwa.
• Unogona kuderedza zvakanyanya nhamba yezvokudya zvemukati mutsva yako kana iwe uchitora tsika yekubika kumba, panzvimbo yekutenga zvigadzirwa zvakasara uye zvakagadzirwa. Uye nokupfuura mumugwagwa wegumi kunodya zvokudya zvekudya. Bvumirana kuti iwe pachako wakagadzirira kugadzirwa, zviyo, maruva akasiyana-siyana, dumplings nedzimwe ndiro ndiro yakasvibira uye panguva imwechete inobatsira zvikuru.