Kugadzirirwa kwebaba kune chidzidzo chekurapa, zvigumisiro zvayo zvinotibvumira kugumisa kana murume uyu ari baba venyama yemwana.
Ko vanababa vakagadzirirwa sei?
Chokutanga pane zvose, vanoedza kubvisa pfungwa yokuti murume uyu ndiye baba vemwana wemwana. Nokuda kweizvi, kuongororwa kunoitwa neropa romwana, amai vake uye vanonzi baba.
Kuongorora kwezviratidzo zvemapoka eropa
Ropa revanhu (A, B, AB kana O) uye Rhesus factor inotora nhaka maererano nehutano hwakasimba. Nokudaro, pane dzimwe nguva, paternity yezvechirwere inogona kusarudzwa kare kubva pamigumisiro yeropa rekuedzwa. Mukuwedzera, kwete chete boka reropa neR Rh factor rinongororwa, asiwo mamwewo maitiro anoenderana nerimwe boka reropa.
Pakupedzisira, chidzidzo che erythrocytes, enzymes uye mapuroteni akawanda ari kubuda muropa remvura inowanikwawo nekuchengetedza dzimwe nguva nguva dzose. Panosimbisa paternity, munhu akasiyana-siyana muDNA anoongororwawo. Zvinonyanya kukosha ndezvipi zve leukocytes, izvo zvinogara nhaka. Muzimbe uyu waiva pamusoro peeukocyte zvaive zvichigoneka kusimbisa kuvapo kwemamwe maantijeni anokosha kune masimba evanhu.
Achifananidza maantigenji e-leukocytes aamai nababa, zvinokwanisika kuziva mabhesi aripo. Iyi nzira yekutsvaga yakaoma zvikuru. Iko inokubvumira kuwana ruzivo rwakawedzerwa kupfuura kudzidza kweboka remagazi. Apo paternity inogadziriswa, ma chromosomes evarwere anoenzaniswawo (achishandisa maitiro anonzi allelic ladders). Muchiitiko ichi, genetic code ye chromosomes inopa ruzivo rwechokwadi.
Kusarudza nguva yekuzvitakura
Zvimwe zvinowanikwa zvinogona kuwanika pakusarudza nguva yekuzvitakura. Muchiitiko ichi, kuongororwa kwezera remakore ekupedzisira uye chikwata chekusimudzirwa kwema fetus vanoedza kusimbisa zuva rekuberekwa sezvakanyatsoita. Nokudaro, chimwe chikonzero (asi kwete nguva dzose chakavimbika) chinowanikwa.
Simba rekudiridza
Zvechokwadi, zvakakosha kufunga nezvekwaniso yekuti munhu asunge. Kuvimbika kwezvikonzero zvekugadza paternity uye kushandiswa kwemaitiro aya kunoita kuti zvive zvisingabviri kubvisa kuvepo kwekuzvarwa kwepedyo zvakakwana. Zvisinei, munyaya yechiratidzo chakanaka, mhinduro kune chikumbiro ichi inoratidza kuti mukana wekubereka huripo. Nokudaro, mukana wekubata vana unotarirwa pamusana pezvikwereti zvinoshandiswa. Munguva pfupi yapfuura, izvi zvinogona kuverengerwa zvakanyatsoitika kuti hukama hwemunhu hunogona kuitika.
Anthropological test of heredity
Nhasi, mukugadzwa kwevana, nzira iyi yekutsvakurudza yakarashika kukosha kwayo uye inoshandiswa chaizvo zvishoma. Nheyo yemugadziriro iyi inofananidzwa nedzimwe nyaya, semuenzaniso, maziso, mvere dzemvere, chiso chemufananidzo.
Kuongororwa kwenhaka yemapoka eropa yeAABO system
Ropa revanhu (A, B, AB kana O) rakagarwa nemitemo yakasimba. Pane zvikamu zvishanu zvinosanganiswa zvezvikamu zveropa zvebaba-amai, mushure mekunge mwana asingakwanisi kutaridzirwa kuti murume uyu haasi baba. Zvadaro kune chidimbu cheimwe nzira yekugadza paternity.
Kuongorora ropa:
Yokutanga ndiyo tsanangudzo yeropa rwenhema
Chechipiri - Hereditary plasma mapuroteni
Chechitatu - Inherme enzyme system
Yechina - Leukocyte antigens
Chechipiri - nguva yekuve nemimba, yezvinyorwa-nhamba yekuverenga yehutano hwekubata vana, kuongorora kweanthropological yezvakagadzirirwa nhaka, kukwanisa kubereka.