Iko kune mazana zana emarudzi emichero ejeri Fuchsia (Fuchsia L.) yemhuri yeCypinidae. Izvi zvinomera zvakapararira muCentral neSouth America, zvinowanikwa mune dzimwe nzvimbo pazvitsuwa zveTahiti neNew Zealand. Chimiro chacho chakatumidzwa zita reGermany botanist Fuchs.
Kubwinya kwakanaka kwemafuchsia inzvimbo yakakurumbira yeimba inokura semiti yemapel kana semam sham. Fuchsia pane kungwarira. Inofanira kungofungidzirwa kuti inoda kutonhora kunotonhora uye, mushure mokupenya, inobudisa mashizha ayo.
Mitemo yekutarisira muti
Lighting. Indoor plant of fuchsia inobvumira chiedza chakajeka chakajeka, uye zuva ravira manheru uye mangwanani. Miti yacho inogona kuiswa pedyo nevekumadokero nekumabvazuva mawindo. Kana iri pane mahwindo emaodzanyemba kusununguka, saka zvakakosha kuve nerima kubva kune zuva rakatsvuka. Kana ikaiswa kurutivi rwokumusoro, simiti inotambanudzwa zvakanyanya uye inoputika zvishoma. Iko kunofanira kuonekwa kuti ruzizi runotarisa harukwanisi kutamira kune rumwe nzvimbo uye rwakachinjwa, kuitira kuti usapinda kuwa kwemafuro nemaruva. Paunenge uchiisa chitubu chinopisa kunze kwechando, zvinokosha kuti zvishoma nezvishoma uzvidzivirire kune chiedza chitsva kuitira kuti pave kusina kupisa kwezuva.
Kupisa kwehutongi. Munguva yekukura kwekushanda, kutonhora kwemuti unofanira kuva 18-25 ° C. Fuchsia inonzwa yakanaka mumhepo yakachena, asi inofanira kudzivirirwa kubva mumirairo yakananga uye yakanyorwa. Mumwaka wechando, nzvimbo ye fuchsia inofanira kuva yakachena uye inotonhorera, uye inotonhorera yakakwana ye5-10 ° C. Fuchsia inobvumira kuchengetwa kwechando uye kupisa kwemajeri, asi panguva imwechete inogona kurasikirwa nechose mapeji ose, uye maruva achawedzera zvakanyanya. Chimiro hachibvumiri kupera kwemhepo, asi kana kuvharidzira imba kunokosha kuti udzivirire kubva kumashizha.
Kunwisa. Munguva yegore kubva munaChitto kusvika munaOctober, mvura yakawanda yemiti inopiwa mvura inogara yakadzikama. Inyika inofanira kunge inogara yakanyoroveswa. Nekuzorora kwezhizha, pakuguma kwezvinomera, kunwisa kunoderedzwa, uye kubva munaOctober zvinogumira. Muchando, mvura inonwiwa inoshandiswa munzvimbo inotonhorera, uye kana mbeu yacho ichichengetwa muimba inotonhora, zvino mvura inonaya yakawedzera.
Pakati pezvinomera, fuchsia inofanira kusvibiswa nemvura yakamira, uye munguva inopisa, humidification inowanzoitwa kaviri pazuva. Mumakore ekupedzisira, kuperesa kunoderedzwa, uye munguva yechando, kunononoka kunomira zvachose.
Top dressing. Munguva yezvinomera, kushandura kukura kubva pakutanga kwegore kusvika kwekuvhuvhura, simiti inogadzirwa, kushandisa mineral fertilizer imwechete mazuva ese makumi maviri nemashanu. Munguva yechando, muti wacho haufaniri kutunga fertilizing.
Kufuta uye kuonekwa. Kubva pakuguma kwegore, nekudiridza kwakanaka uye kupfeka kwepamusoro, idzipamba idzi dzakanaka kusvika pakupera kwekupedzisira. Fuchsia fruity inonakidza majiroji. Pakati pemaruva emhepo, zvinokosha kukonzera maruva akaomeswa kuita kuti kuumbwa kwemitsva. Nguva inoyerera inogona kuwedzerwa kunyange nguva yechando chisati yasvika nekuda kwekutsvaira fuchsia mumba kusati kwatanga kwezhizha, uye ipapo muti unowanikwa pane loggia uye mumunda wakatarisana. Munguva yezhizha, kudzingiswa kunowanzoitwa.
Kana nguva yechando muimba yacho isina kuchengeta hurumende yekutonhora, ipapo chimiro chinodonha mashizha uye kutambanudza. Nekuuya kwechinyakare, kudyiswa kwakasimba kwezvisina kumira zvinoitwa, kuitira kuti kuwedzere kukura kwekura kwemasva matsva, kupa huwandu hwemavara. Cropped stems inogona kushandiswa pakuwedzera kupararira semucheka.
Kuti kuwedzere nhamba yemaruva uye kuvandudza maitiro emiti, chimiro chinofanira kushandiswa zvakagadziriswa kana kuchinjwa. Kuvandudza kukura kwemafuro mumatavi mashoma twine kuguma kwegwenzi, mushure memaviri maviri emashizha achikura. Izvi zvinoitwa nguva dzose kana ichikura padivi ichicheka mapaundi matatu emashizha.
Nekutanga kwechitsime, kusati kwatanga kwezvinomera, fuchsia inopfupiswa nemidzi uye yakadyarwa muhutano hwakakosha. Pakupemha, mashizha akareba anobviswa nechetatu kana hafu. Ampelnye miti haitemwi, tk. kunaka kwavo kunoratidzika kune zvakanyatsoperera murefu hwemafuro. Iyo ivhu yekusima fuchsia inogona kutorwa yakagadzirirwa, somuenzaniso achic (pH 5.8-6) maruva musanganiswa. Zvinogonawo kushandisa musanganiswa wemuviri ane zvikamu zviviri zve peat, zvikamu zvitatu zvevhu rakaoma, uye chikamu chimwe chejecha kana zvitatu zve clayey sod, zvikamu zviviri zvevhu rinopisa uye chikamu chimwe chejecha uye zvishoma peat. Pasi pehari, mvura yakanaka inofanira kugoverwa, inenge chikamu chepfumbamwe chepamusoro chegiyo chekubuda.
Zvitsva zvitsva zvakasimwa zvinowanikwa munzvimbo ine chiedza chakaisvonaka, mvura yakawanda uye yakasvibiswa.
Nokukura nokukurumidza uye kupenya muzhizha, fuchsia inogona kudzokororwa zvakare mu substrate yemuviri.
Kubereka. Fuchsia ndiwo muti wekupararira kune mbeu nemucheka zvinoshandiswa.
Nokucheka (5-7 cm murefu), fuchsia inoparadzirwa kubva munaFebruary kusvikira munaMarch, muchikamu kubva kubva muna August kusvika munaSeptember. Mitsara inowanikwa pamucheka, nokukurumidza, kwemazuva makumi maviri nemakumi maviri nemaviri, mumvura, kusunungura ivhu kana shanje pamusana wekupisa. Kugadziriswa nemidzi yakawanda yakasimwa muvhu rinosanganisira humus, jecha, mashizha uye sod land (zvose zvakatorwa muchikamu chimwe). Iyo iyo inofanira kuva yakasvika masendimita gumi nemashanu pakureba Kuti uwane mamwe mashizha akaoma, micheka yakasiyana-siyana ine midzi inodyarwa muhari imwe neimwe. Miti yakangobva kudyarwa inotanga kubuda mugore rimwe chete. Muzhizha, kuitira kuti kuwedzere kubwinya kwemabazi, zano racho rinofanira kudururwa kakawanda. Zvidzidzo nekunonoka kukura zvakagurwa muna August.
Mbeu dzekuberekera dzinowanikwa mushure mekugadzira mbesa. Nekuvhenekera kwepamuti yemiti yemiti ine mavara akasiyana, zvitsva zvitsva zvinogona kuwanikwa uye zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvipfuwo zvinogona kuwedzerwa.
Zvinetso zvinogona kuitika
Nokuda kwehupsia munguva yezvinomera uye maruva, zvinokosha kuti urambe uchiita kuti nzvimbo yacho igare yakajeka.
Apo nguva yechando inomera muimba inotonhorera uye kunwisa kwakasimba, uye kana muzhizha havakwanise kugovera fertilizing nekudiridza kuduku, kana kuti mbeu dzinogamuchira chiedza chiduku, nguva yekuyerera inoderedzwa zvikuru.
Muchando, fuchsia inodzinga zvose kana chikamu chemashizha. Pakurasikirwa kwakakwana kwemavara, muti unofanirwa kuchengetedzwa kure nechiedza chakajeka. Kana budhu inowanikwa muchando, inofanira kubviswa.
Mbeu dzinogona kuwira kana kusina chiedza, kunwisa kana kuwedzera kwehuya wakaoma mhepo.
Kana pane kuwandisa kwemhepo inodziya, yakawanda kana kusinganwi kunwisa uye kujekesa kwepasi, zvino budhu dzinogona kuwira.
Pamusana pekuwandisa kwemhepo muvhu munguva yechando, mavara ane ruvara nemucheka mutsvuku anogona kuonekwa pamashizha.
Iwe haugoni kuchinja nzvimbo yehuchsia panguva yekurima uye kubuda kwehupenyu, uyewo unodyara simiti muzvinyorwa, izvi zvose zvinogona kukonzera kuwa kwemaruva nemafuta.
Fuchsia inogona kutapukirwa neflyfly uye spider mite.