Muimba yepamamiriro ezvinhu, mvura yemvura pahiri (Latin Latin Patira), kana iyo inonzi Malabar chestnut, inokura. Iyi simiti inozivikanwa nekukura kunononoka uye kukwanisa kuchengetedza mvura mumatanda pakati pehuni uye bark. Nekuchengetedzwa kwakakodzera, mvura yakadzika inogona kuve yakakura mamita matatu.
Pahiru inokura zvose semurimi wega uye nekusika bonsai. Asi yeuka kuti rutivi rwunoputira imba plant pahir runoita kana rikasvika padenga. Muzvitoro unogona kuona pahir muzvikwata zvakawanda, izvo zvinopindirana. Miti yakadaro inoumbwa kubva kune dzimwe mbeu, zvichiita zvishoma nezvishoma kuvabatanidza ivo kubva mudiki.
Aina
Pakhira mvura (Latin Pachira aquatica Aubl.). Nyika yekwawo nyika inotyisa ye South America. Kune imwe nzvimbo inoshamisa yemashizha, simiti dzimwe nguva inonzi Malabar kana Guiana chestnut. Imwe yemazita ayo ibhodhoro, sezvo pahira ine tsanangudzo yakananga mumucheto wezasi we stem. Icho mukati maro mune cavity apo mvura inochengeterwa. Kana pasina kudiridza, pahir inotapira mhepo inopisa, saka, inotambura kwenguva inomisa pasi coma, asi haibvumiri mvura yakanyanyisa yekudiridza.
Pakhira inokura zvishoma nezvishoma, asi nekufamba kwenguva inogona kusvika 2,5-3 m, uye 1.5 m in diameter ye korona. Mashizha acho ane mapuranga-akaoma, ruvara rutsvuku muvara. Blooms rarely. Mucheka mutsvuku kana mutsvuku inoumba inflorescence yakakura ye panicle (anenge 35 cm murefu). Zvibereko - kuvepa berry, maorivhi, mavara-akabatanidzwa; anosvika 10-25 cm murefu. Mbeu dzakapoteredza, dzinogona kuve dzakabikwa kana kudyiwa zvakasvibirira.
Care instructions
Lighting. Pahira issima inoda kumira zvakanaka. Kana zvisina kudaro, inotambanudza uye inorasikirwa nekushongedza kwayo. Kazhinji anotsungirira zuva rakananga mune zvishoma, asi anoda chiedza chinopenya chiedza. Inokurudzirwa kukura pahir kumabvazuva kana kumavirira windows. Kune rumwe rutivi rwezasi, iwe unofanira kuumumvuririra, kunyanya munguva yekupisa kwemaawa masikati. Muzhizha, zvakakosha kuisa muti mumunda. Zvisinei, inofanira kuiswa munzvimbo inodzivirirwa kubva kumhepo uye chiedza chezuva, rakachengetedzwa kubva mumvura. Muchirimo, mushure menguva iyo zuva rekuyera rakanga riri pfupi, zvakakosha kuti zvishoma nezvishoma zviitwe pagir kune chiedza chakasimba. Izvi zvichabatsira kudzivirira kuitika kwezuva.
Kupisa kwehutongi. Kune pahiri, kutonhora kunononoka kune 21-25 ° C munguva yechando-yezhizha inonzi inofadza. Iyo yakanakisa yekushisa munguva yechando ndeye 14-16 ° C. Usaisa nzvimbo iyi yomukati pedyo nechokudzivirira mafaira. Usabvumira zvinyorwa kuti usabate "kutonhora".
Kunwisa. Kunwisa kunokurudzirwa kuti kuitwe maererano nehupamhi hwegiyo, apo uchidzivisa mvura inopinda muchitsime chedu. Zviri nani kushandisa mvura yakadzika. Chitubu nezhizha zvinofanira kudirirwa zvine mwero, nheyo yepamusoro ye substrate inofanira kuomeswa kusvikira mvura inotevera. Mune nguva yaOctober-February kunwisa kunofanira kuderedzwa, asi kudzivisa kuswa kwenguva refu kwenyika. Mvura yekudiridza inokurudzirwa kuti imire uye inopisa zvishoma. Kana paine kushaya kwemvura, mashizha epahiri anofara uye anorasikirwa ne turgor, uye nehuwandu hwehutachiona hunotanga kuora.
Humidity. Ichi chinoratidza hachisi chakakosha pakurima pahira. Chimiro chinowanzotakura mhepo yakaoma muimba. Kune rumwe rutivi, pahira inoda nguva nenguva kupopera nemvura yakadzika (kaviri pazuva). Yeuka kuti nenzira yakadaro yakaoma, tsananguro yemiti yacho haifaniri kuwana yakawanda yemvura, sezvo izvi zvichatungamirira pakuora kwayo. Kudya kwakakurudzirwa kubva munaApril kusvika kuAgust kwakanyanyisa mineral fertilizer 1 nguva mumavhiki masere. Nhamba yacho inofanira kugoverwa maererano nemazano ekugadzira.
Kuumbwa nekugadziriswa. Iyo simiti inoumbwa nekuchekerera matavi akatambanudza kumusoro. Pa cutoff point, pahira inotanga kushanda, ichiita korona yakaoma. Kakawanda inopiwa mhuka yakasvibiswa kana yakakomba.
Kudyara pahir kunofanirwa kuva mumwaka wegore: pazera duku gore roga rokutanga, mbeu dzevanhu vakuru - makore maviri nematatu. Iko yekushambadzira inofanira kushandiswa isina kudzika, yakafara, yakaita mamita akapamhi kupfuura yakatangira ne 4-5 cm. Usaisa pahir mumudziyo wakadzika, sezvo midzi yawo iri pedyo nepamusoro. Madzika yakadzika muti unonzwa wakaipa, unorwara, unokura zvishoma.
Iyo substrate inoshandiswa kubva pamashizha, turf uye jecha zvakaenzana zvakaenzana. Wedzera kwairi zvidhinha zvakagadzirwa nemarasha. Pamakakatani ezvokutengeserana anowanzoshandisa chigadziro chepasi rose chezvimedu uye miti yemichindwe. Iva nechokwadi chekuita zvakanaka.
Kubereka. Chirimwa chephir chinobereka mbeu (pakutanga kwechitubu) kana kuti vegetatively (cuttings, muna August). Apo kupararira nembeu, zvinodikanwa kushandisa ivhu remhepo, kuisa kutonhora pa25-27 ° C. Mbeu dzakasvibirira dzinofanira kudyarwa, sezvo nekufamba kwenguva dzinorasikirwa nekumera kwayo. Mbeu inotanga kudirwa mumudziyo, inenge isina kuvhara pasi, ndokusasa nemvura inodziya. Plank inofanira kufukidzwa negirazi kana pakiti uye nguva dzose inogadzirwa, kubvisa madonhwe emvura akaumbwa. Mbeu dzinoonekwa mukati memavhiki matatu.
Kucheka kunogona kuparadzirwa nekugadzirwa. Durai ma cuttings zvinodikanwa nechitsinho. Zviri nani kuita izvi pakupera kwezhizha. Nokuti rooting cuttings inoda kupisa uye kukwirira kwemhepo.
Matambudziko
Kana trunk nemidzi zvakatanga kuora, zvinodiridza pahiri inowedzera kana mvura inowira pachigadziko chemuti.
Kana mitsara nemazano emashizha zvikaita bhuru, ipapo imba yacho yakaoma mhepo. Zvimwe zvinokonzera: kuronga, kusinganwi kunwisa.
Kana mashizha acho akaoma, anova akareruka, mitsvuku yakasviba inoonekwa, izvo zvinoreva kuti kutonhora muimba yacho kwakaderera pahira.
Chimwe chikonzero chinogona kunge chiri kutonhora kusinganzwisisiki masikati nousiku.
Kana nheyo yacho yakatambanudzwa, uye chimiro che "bhota" kuwedzerwa chakavanzwa, zvinoreva kuti muti wacho hauna kujekeswa zvakakwana kana kuiswa kure nehwindo.
Kana paine mavara, akaoma mavara pamashizha, chiedza chinopenya kwazvo, chinotungamirira kuzuva. Inofanira kunge yakafukidzwa pahiru kubva kune zuva rakananga.
Zvipembenene: ganda, spider mite.