Asperger syndrome inoreva maitiro e autism, zvishoma, iyi ndiyo iyo yakasarudzwa mumabhuku ekurapa. Izvo zvinoshaya zvinowanikwa kune dzimwe nguva muhuduku, pakati pemakore mana ne11. Zvinogona kutaurwa kuti Asperger syndrome inoratidzirwa mukufunga kwevanhu munyika kusina kunaka kwehutano hwevanhu, pamwe chete nemafungiro asina maonero ekukurukurirana. Vanhu vane chirwere ichi vanoona humwe matambudziko mumamiriro matatu: hutano hwemagariro evanhu, mafungiro evanhu uye kushamwaridzana kwevanhu.
Kutarisa pakutarisa munhu anotambura neAsperger's syndrome kana, sezvo inonziwo "autism spectrum disorder", hazvigoneki. Vanhu ava havana chavanoona chisingaoneki, munogona kuona kuvepo kwechirwere chete mukutaurirana. Mune mishonga yezvokurapa, chirwere ichi chinorondedzerwa sekuputsa kwekubatana kwevanhu, izvo zvinokanganisa zvakananga kushandiswa kwemazuva ose kwehupenyu hwake.
Matambudziko makuru
Zvakakosha kuziva kuti vanhu vanotambura neAsperger's syndrome vanogona kutora hupenyu hwakakwana uye huzere zvakakwana pakugadzirisa mamiriro ezvinhu akanaka kwavari. Kunyange zvazvo mamwe masayendisiti anotenda kuti chirwere chinogona kunge chakafanana neA autism, sezvo vanhu vane Asperger's syndrome vangave vakanganisa pfungwa, mifananidzo yakazara inoratidza kuti chirwere ichi chinowirirana zvikuru nekuvhiringidzwa kwekubatana kwevanhu. Vanhu vazhinji vakawana kuti vane Asperger's syndrome semucheche, sezvavanenge vachikura, vanoita zvakawanda uye zvakawanda kuti vararame munzanga uye zvimwe zviratidzo zvinopera shure.
Zvechokwadi, matambudziko makuru evanhu vakadaro ndeaya anotevera:
- matambudziko nemafungiro evanhu - vanogona kunge vasinganzwisisi zvakakwana kune vamwe vanhu vari kutaura, havagoni kufungidzira imwe nzira yekuvandudzwa kwezviitiko, pamwe nehukama, zvakaoma kuti vashandure pfungwa nemanzwiro evamwe. Vanhu vane Asperger's Syndrome vanonzwisisa zvose chaizvo, havaiti nemajee uye havanzwisisi zvinorehwa nemazwi akasimba (phraseological unit and aphorisms);
- zvinetso nekutaurirana kwevanhu - vanhu ava vangada kutaura, asi nekuda kwehutano hwavo vanoramba vachiwana matambudziko akafanana. Havana kuve neukama hwehukama, havagoni kugara vachitsigira hurukuro, vanogona kutanga kutaurirana pamusoro pehurukuro yakadziviswa zvachose kana kubvunza mibvunzo isina kukodzera. Kazhinji, vanhu vane Asperger's syndrome vanovhundutsa vamwe vanhu nekunyanyisa uye pedyo nekuswedera kune mumwe munhu, kuzvibata zvisina kururama, kana kusadzivirirwa kune vose pasina chikonzero.
- matambudziko nekukurukurirana kwevanhu - vanhu vakadaro havagoni kugara vachinzwisisa maziso, inzwi rezwi uye maonero evamwe vanhu. Kana achitaura mashoko akaoma kutaura (semuenzaniso, mazwi ezvesayenzi) kana kana vachiita zvirevo zvakakomba, vangave vasinganyatsonzwisisi zvavanoreva.
Kana zvisina kudaro, vanhu ava vanogona kuva nemafungiro akafuma, matarenda uye kunyange kuva vanyori vemazvikokota, vanachiremba, magweta uye nezvimwe zvakadaro. Nhamba yehuchenjeri hwavo, kazhinji, haisi pasi kune yevamwe, vanhu vane utano hwakanaka. Dzimwe nguva inosvika pane imwe yepamusoro pamusoro pevhareji. Unyanzvi hwekutaura hwevanhu vakadaro munguva dzakawanda hahusiyana nehutano hwevamwe vanhu. Mukuwedzera, vanhu vane Asperger's Syndrome vanogona kugadzirisa pane imwe nyaya kana chimwe chinhu uye vanoidzidza zvakadzika uye zvakadzama. Mumakambani mune izvo zvakakosha kuita zviito zvakashandurwa, zuva rimwe nerimwe vachiita basa rimwechete rekuita, vanhu vakadaro vanogona kubudirira.
Zvinhu zvakasiyana
Vanhu avo vakaonekwa kuti "Asperger syndrome" vanogona kusarudzwa kubva kuvanhu vazhinji nokuda kwezvikonzero zvipi, kunze kwezvavanoratidzwa chete mukugadzirisa kukurukurirana. Izvi zvinosanganisira: kunakidzwa nedzimwe nyaya, kubuda kwemaitiro akadaro, ayo munhu anoshandisa nguva yake yose, chido chekuunganidza, zvinetso zvekunzwisisa (zvinetso nekunzwa, kuona, kunhuhwirira uye dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri), rudo rwekuraira uye neimwe nzira yakarongwa yehupenyu .
Muchiitiko chekutanga, kushingaira kwakadaro kunogona kukura kwete kungwara chete uye unyanzvi, asiwo kugadzira hukuru hwekukurukurirana kwevanhu, kana chido chevanhu chiri zvishoma nezvimwe chakabatana nevanhu kana sangano. Iyi "kugadziriswa" inogona kukura mukudzidza kwakadzama, uye gare gare mubasa. Kana iri rudo rwechimwe urongwa uye kurongeka, rinogona kungoita kuti vanhu vasunungurwe nehutano hwemagetsi kubva kukutambudzika nekutya, nokuti vanotiona isu nenyika nenzira yakasiyana, nemaziso avo uye zvinoratidzika kwavari mune dzimwe nguva zvinotyisa.
Zvinetso zvisingagoni kuzviratidza pachavo zvakanyanyogadzirwa kana kuti zvakasiyana-siyana, mune zvisizvo zvisati zvaitika, kunhuwa, kunzwa. Somuenzaniso, mheremhere huru, mavara akajeka anogona kukonzera kutya kana kushungurudzika. Uyewo vanhu ava vanotarisana nezvinetso nemanzwiro emitumbi yavo, havatauri zvakanaka mumhepo, havawanzobatanidza kuti vanogona kusvika sei kune vamwe. Uyewo, kune dzimwe nguva avo vasingatenderi kubata, vanhu vane chirwere chevhisi vanogona kunzwa kurwadziwa kwakadaro kubva pane zvakadaro.
Zvingaita here kuporesa?
Ichi chirwere chinowanzoongororwa muhuduku uye munhu wacho anomanikidzwa kugara neupenyu hwake hwose. Dzimwe nguva paunokura vanhu vanobvisa zvimwe zviratidzo, asi hazvibviri kupora zvachose chirwere. Zvinodhaka zvinogona "kuporesa" kuti zvivepo hazvipo. Zvinokwanisika chete kushandisa zvisina kushandisa mishonga iyo isingarapiki, asi ichakwanisa kutsigira munhu munharaunda iri pedyo nemamiriro evanhu vane utano. Iyi nzira inogona kuvandudza hutano hwehupenyu hwomunhu, uyewo kumubatsira kukudziridza unyanzvi hwokukurukurirana uye unyanzvi. Nzira dzakadaro dzinosanganisira: kugona-maitiro ekugadzirisa pfungwa dzepfungwa, physiotherapy maitiro ekuvandudza kuwirirana kwemafambiro, kudzidzira maitiro evanhu. Kana zvichidikanwa, kurapwa kwezvirwere zvinokonzera, zvakadai sekuzvidya mwoyo, kuora mwoyo, neurosis, kunoitwawo.