Mbatata yatinodya kazhinji uye hapana munhu wose, tichidya friji yeFrench, anofunga nezvekubatsira kwemazamu. Uye saka, nyaya yedu ichazvipira kune iyo - mbatatisi, "Zvokudya muhupenyu hwevanhu - mbatata" ndiyo musoro wehurukuro yedu.
Mbatata yakawanikwa, hongu, naChristopher Columbus, akaitora pamwe nemimwe miriwo sechipo kuna mambo weSpain. Makore zviuru zvishanu apfuura, maIndia akawana zvishamiso zvemazambatata, uye vakatanga kusima mbatata. MuEurope, mbatata yaibatwa sechinhu chakanaka, maruva ayo akanga akavezwa nevhudzi uye hombodo, uye akakura muminda. Mushure mokunge mbatata yakawanikwa sechigadzirwa chekudya, vazhinji veEurope kwenguva yakareba vaidavira kuti mbatatisi inokuvadza kune hutano, sezvo kune zvakawanda zveasitadhi mairi.
Chimwe chiitiko chakaitwa, chivakwa chakaiswa pazvokudya zvembatata asi kunze kwemazambatendi asina kudya chero chimwe chinhu pane kudya kwemasikati, masikati, kudya kwemanheru kwekudya, kudya kwechipiri, mbatata-yakabikwa yakabikwa, yakaoma, muyunifomu. Mbatata haina kumunetsa, uye pamagumo ezvidzidzo akataura kuti, kana zvichidikanwa, aigona kugara pazvokudya kwevhiki mbiri. Nokudaro, masayendisiti akaratidza uye zvakachengeteka kutaura kuti mbatata ine zvinhu zvose zvinobatsira zvakakosha mumuviri wedu. Uye saka, ndeapi zvinhu zvinokosha zvinoita mbatata uye zvine basa ripi muupenyu hwedu?
Mbatata muhupenyu hwevanhu inobata basa guru, sezvo ine mavitamini akawanda nemaminerari. Kune rumwe rutivi, mbatatari iri pedyo nechingwa kana mupunga, sezvo ine zvakawanda zve starch uye ma carbohydrates, uye kune rumwe rutivi, mbatatisi inowedzera mavitamini nemaminera - uye inogona kuenzaniswa nemiriwo. Mbatatisi ine potasium yakawanda, uye izvi zvinokurudzira mvura-munyu inonzi metabolism mumuviri, saka mbatatisi inobatsira kune vanhu vanotambura nehutano hwepfungwa, sezvo 400 mg ye potassium inoderedza ngozi yechirwere ichi ne 40%, asi kuti zvive zvakanyanya, mbatatisi inofanira kudyiwa mukabikwa, kuitira kuti yaizoponesa zvinhu zvose zvinobatsira. Muchibikwa, mbatata dzinogadzirisa zvose zvadzo zvinobatsira, uye hazvirevi caloric, kuitira kuti mbatata yakabikwa ingadyiwa uye vanhu vari kudya.
Iyo mbatata inosanganisira silicon, bromine, iodine, manganese, iron, calcium, mhangura, zinc, kolbat, boron, nickel, niacin, choline, selenium, molybdenum vitamini B1, B2, B6, C, P. Potato ine folic acid, carotene uye organic acids: apple, oxalic, citric, coffee.
Mavhithamini yakawanda pakarepo pasi peganda, saka zviri nani kuti mbatata ishive muyunifomu. Uye kana iwe uchiri kusarudza kubika mbatatisi, wobva wakadzikisa pakarepo mumvura inodzika, saka ichakurumidza kubika uye kuchengeta mavitamini akawanda mukati mawo. Kurwara uye mbatata yakafa vanorasikirwa nezvinhu zvinokosha. Hazvikurudzirwi kuti udye mbatatisi nemafuro. Chengetedza mbatatisi munzvimbo inotonhorera uye ine rima, asi kwete mufiriji, nzvimbo yepamusoro ndiyo yakanaka kune iyi! Mumvura haafaniri kusara kwenguva yakareba, kwete hafu yeawa, nokuti mumvura yezamu inorasikirwa nezvinhu zvayo zvinobatsira.
Sezvo mune zvose zviri munyika uye muzembatata, pane zvose zvakaipa uye zvakanaka. Kana iri yakaipa-muzhuta inenge yakawanda yealkaloid solanine - inonzi chepfu iyo muhope huru inogona kutungamirira kumigumisiro yakakomba. Icho chiri pasi peganda uye pedyo nemeso, saka mai veimba vanodikamwa, nyatsobvisa maziso, zvakanaka, vhura mbatata yakasvibirira uye usapinda zvachose, nokuti mukati mazvo zvinyorwa zvoupfu uhwu zvinosvika pamatambudziko akaoma. Solanin inokonzera kurara, kurutsira, kurara, kuchenesa. Asi zvose zvakafanana, zvinobatsirawo. Solanin anobatsira kubvisa zvirwere zvinotyisa. Pamusoro pokurapa kenza, zvakakosha kutora chete mazai mazai.
Kana iri yemishonga yemapatata, mbatata inogona kudzivirira kutaridzika kwekuora mwoyo uye mafungiro akaipa, kusuruvara uye kuneta. Mbatata ine fiber, uye inoita kuti kubviswa kwecholesterol yakawandisa, mashizha, masimbi ane simba, nitrates, fungus uye marasita. Kuvonga potassium, munyu nemvura zvakanyanyiswa kubva mumuviri, izvo zvinovandudza metabolism, uye saka mbatatari inonzi sezvokudya. Mbatata yakabikwa inokurudzirwa kuwedzerwa kwehutano uye atherosclerosis. Mbatatisi mutsva inobatsira pakutsvaira zvipikiri, nekuda kweizvi unoda kuderedza maoko ako zuva rega rega mumukaka, mushure mokunge zvisungo zvingasimuka kuputika, asi ganda remaoko richava rakanyorova uye rinoteterera. Kuti uregese mapurati, unoda kutema mbatatisi muhafu ndokudhonza wart. Mbatata inobatsira gastritis uye gastric uye duodenal ulcers. Mushonga wePatati anobatsira nekutsvaga, kuora mwoyo, uye kubvongodza.
Chii chiri kutarirwa nemapatatisi? Pakurwiswa kwechirwere chechirwere chinenge chakakosha kufema pasi pehombodo inomusiya wepatata yakasungirirwa mune yunifomu uye kunwa kubudiswa kubva mumucheka uye uswa hwakasiyana-siyana uye sezvo inova nyore kufuridzira kuisa pasi uye zvakakodzera kuvhara. Mushure mokunge, kurwiswa kunowanzova kuderera uye kunowedzera nyore.
Bronchitis. Mafuta anopisa anopwanya, wedzera madonhwe matatu eodhini uye 1 tbsp. mahwendefa ehuputa yemafuta, kunyora pamapfupa nehuro, pfuurira kusvikira yazara, uye inwa juroti nemukaka zvakaenzana. Kuti uregere gastritis unofanirwa kupona juice ye mbatata uye kunwa 2-3 tbsp. mahwendefa usati wadya maminitsi gumi nemashanu usati wadya katatu pazuva, zvitsvuku nezvidhinha zvakasiyana-siyana zvakakosha pane izvi. Kuti ubvise makumbo, iwe unofanirwa kunwa katatu pazuva kuti hafu yekapu yejisi rezamu, usati wasvika, nyatsogeza, asi usaishambidza. Nekugamuchira kwega imwe neimwe unoda kugadzirira juice yakachena. Kune vanhu vane chirwere chinonzi angina pectoris, zvinokurudzirwa kudya 150-200 g ye mbatata yakasviba 2 kazuva pane isina chinhu mudumbu.
Kubva pakuti tinofamba zvakawanda pamatanda edu, kuputika kuonekwa, nekuvabvisa, tinoda kutora mbatatisi itsva uye mbeu yefrikisi, tira mvura muhafu yeitare uye kubika kusvika kune mikoko yakareba slurry. Shure kweizvi zvose, iyi slurry inofanira kuvharwa zvishoma uye inobata makumbo imomo kwemaminitsi 10-20, uye bvisa ganda rakakanganiswa uye girai kuputika ne tincture ye iodine, bvisa kamu cream mushure mechinguva.
Nezvakasiyana-siyana zvemazambique, dzinosvika zviuru makumi mashanu zvemarudzi. Mbatata inoparadzirwa nembeu, tubers uye zvikamu zve tubers. Masayendisiti akaparadzaniswa mumapoka mana makuru mapatate ose: tafura, teknolojia, fodder uye pasi rose. Boka rinowanzonyanya kuve mukamuri yekudyira, mazamu aya ane nyama ine nyoro, usasviba, zvinyorwa zve starch ndeye 12-16%, uye zvine zvakawanda zvevhitamini C. Muzvikoro zvepamusoro, huwandu hwemashizha hwakakwirira-inopfuura 20%. Mhando dzefodya dzine zvimwe mapuroteni kupfuura mamwe mapoka. Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana pane imwe nzvimbo pakati pemakamuri okudyira uye marudzi emichina, kuva "golide kureva".
Mbatata muhupenyu hwehupenyu, kunyanya vakadzi vari munzvimbo inokosha, sezvo mbatata inogona kushandiswa kwete mukurapa kwezvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana, asiwo mune cosmetology. Mbatata inogona kushandiswa mune zvose zviri mbishi uye yakagadzirwa. Semuenzaniso, kubva pamapatata asina mbesa zvinokwanisika kugadzirira kusvibisa uye kugadzirisa masikisi kubva kumazambatayi asina mbesa. Kuti uite izvi, unoda kubvisa mbatatisi yakasvibiswa uye wobva waisa chiso chakachena kwemaminetsi gumi nemashanu, uye osuka nemvura inodziya. Mushure memasikisi akadaro, ganda remukati rinova nyore uye rinopera. Nekubatsirwa kwemazambatata kunogona kurapwa nemakwenzi, kupisa, calluses uye zvikwama pasi peziso. Kuti uite izvi, iwe unofanidza kuvhara mbatatisi kubva kune peel, kabati pa grater yakanaka, pukunyuka jisi uye usvike chiso nejisi kana kuti moisten yejiji uye uise kune iyo inopararira nzvimbo dzeganda. Mbatata ine nzvimbo inopesana-kupisa.