Kana iwe uine mwoyo unorwara kana chirwere cheshuga, saka usati waita mazinyo maitiro ane anesthesia, unofanira kubvunza chiremba. Nzira dzinoitwa pasi peanesthesia dzomunharaunda dzisingatori mutoro kumurwere pane kurapwa pasina anesthesia. Asi, panguva imwecheteyo, general anesthesia inogona kuva mutoro unorema pamuviri. Inoshandiswa chete mumamiriro ezvinhu akaipisisa.
Mharaunda, mharaunda kana hurumende?
Local anesthesia inoshandiswa nechiremba wemazino chaiwo panzvimbo yebasa racho. Chinangwa chemhando iyi yeanesthesia ndechokudzivisa kushungurudzika kunogadzirisa munharaunda yepamusoro yenheyo kuburikidza nekubatsira kweanesheti. Izvi zvinovhiringidzika munzvimbo inoshungurudza. Uropi hunovhara marwadzo munharaunda yematope. Panguva imwe chete iwe unonzwa kugunzva, iwe unonzwa uye unoziva zvose zvinoitika kwauri.
Regional anesthesia inowanzoitwa neanesthesiologist. Nzvimbo yemunharaunda inopindwa mujenya munzvimbo yakatarisana, yakanyanya kure nechinzvimbo chokuvhiya. Panzvimbo pemitsipa kana magwenzi emitsipa mushonga unoita zvakananga pamutsara wesipinha. Urwu rudzi rweaneshesia, somuenzaniso, kudzivirirwa kwepeminwa muchikamu chekushaya chirwere. Zvadaro chikamu chose chepasi chimuviri zvachose chinorasikirwa nekunzwisisa, asi munhu wacho anoramba akazara. Mukurapa mazino, rudzi urwu rweanesthesia haruwanzoshandiswa, kunyanya nekukuvara kwema maxillofacial.
Jenesi anesthesia inzvimbo yakakwana isina chimiro. Zvinhu zvinoshanda zvine simba pauropi, zvisingadziviriri zvachose pfungwa uye motokari. Anesthesia yakadai inogona kupiwa chete neanesthesiologist anokwanisa uye chete mune kliniki chaiyo. General anesthesia inowanzoshandiswa, chete kana pasina imwe nzira yekubuda nayo.
Pain blocker
Mazino emunharaunda anesthesia anoitwa nekukumbira kwomurwere. Jenesi anesthesia inonyanya kudiwa mumamiriro ekuvhiya mazino. Chiremba wemazino anogadzira nzira yeanesthesia, zvichienderana nerudzi rwebasa uye hutano hwomurwere. Kazhinji kacho, vanachiremba vemazino vanoshandisa anesthetics munharaunda, iyo inovhiringidza kushungurudzika kwemitsipa munzvimbo inoshandiswa. Nokudaro anesthetic yezino rimwe kana boka remazino mazhinji, dzimwe nguva nzvimbo huru - somuenzaniso, 1/4 yemeno ose, inoitwa. Chirwere chinonyanya kuzivikanwa ndeye novocaine. Inoshandiswa nenzira yejojo uye inogadzirisa mafungiro anorwadza panzvimbo yakashandiswa. Ikoko hakuna ngozi yekuwedzeresa kubva pamutengo muduku wakadikanwa kuti uwane anesthesia. Ichokwadi, kubudirira kwechirwere ichi chinosiya zvakawanda zvingadiwa. Mukuwedzera, zvinokonzerwa nemishonga ndeyomunhu oga. Kune mumwe munhu, ine zvakanakisisa zvinogadzirisa, asi kune mumwe munhu asingabatsiri zvachose. Nharaunda yeanesthetics amides kana esters inoshanda zvakanyanya, asi ine chimiro chakaoma kwazvo uye zvakaoma kuverenga chidimbu chaidiwa chechirwere.
Mujoyo unotanga kuita nekukurumidza, maminitsi mashomanana mushure mekushanda. Pakugadzirira kurapwa, chiremba wemazino anotsanangura pfungwa iyo anesthesia inoshandiswa. Anesthesia ine rutivi rwakanaka pakuti haunzwi kurwadziwa panguva yekushanda uye kwekanguva mushure mekushanda. Izvi zvakakosha, somuenzaniso, kana uchibvisa mutsara kubva kumazino, izvo zvinowanzokonzera marwadzo akaoma kana akaiswa pakati pezino.
Kufanana nehope
Jenesi anesthesia haisi kuitwa pane chikumbiro chemurwere. Zvisinei, pane vanhu vanogara pasi peizvi vese vanozobvumira mazino kuti aite chero nzira. Chikonzero, chokwadi, chiri mukutya kwavo dentist. Iko anesthesia inogara ichiitwa panguva yekushanda mumunda we maxillofacial opera. Iyi inzira inopesana, semuenzaniso, kana zvichidiwa kuita chikumbiro chakakura kana chimwe chimiro chinopindira.
Neine anesthesia yakawanda, mishonga yakawanda ine mapurogiramu akasiyana emabasa anoshandiswa. Izvi zvinobvumira murwere kurara asingatambudzi, sezvo pane musikana wakakwana mukuzorodza. Kemikirini iri nyore kushandisa mishonga ine simba rine simba rinoshandisa nitrous oxide (N2O). Mimwe madhiragi yakaoma zvikuru chemakemikari. Inoshandiswa muine aneshesia uye mabhakitiriri (anokonzera kurara), uyewo zvinodhaka uye mishonga yekuzorodza (kubvisa marwadzo).
Kuvhiyiwa kunoitwa pasi peanesthesia yakawanda inoda vashandi vakawanda: anesthesiologist uye vanamukoti. Anesthesia equipment (control devices, zvinodhaka zvinodhaka, pamwe chete nedzimwezve mari kana zviitiko zvisingafanoonekwi) zvinodiwawo. Kwete nguva dzose idzi dzinoitwa muimba yekushanda, dzimwe nguva muchengeti wemeno muhofisi yamazino. Zvisinei, kana iri kushanda kukuru mumunda wekuvhiyiwa mazino, chirwere chinongodiwa chete.
Panguva yekushanda, pasi peanesthesia yakawanda, pamwe nekuvhiyiwa, kune kuenderera mberi kwekushanda kwebasa rinokosha remurwere (somuenzaniso, ECG, kuwedzerwa kweropa, oksijeni kuzodzwa kwomurwere, kubudisa mweya carbon dioxide, kuwedzera kweanesthesia, zvichida kurasikirwa kweropa), kuwandisa kwezvinodhaka zvinodhaka nemvura. Matambudziko anowanzoitika kune aneshehesia anonyadzisa uye kurutsira mushure mekuvhiyiwa, hongu, kwenguva pfupi. Uyewo, pane zvinogona kuchinja mukuziva, nenzira yekuenzanisa, nguva yekupindura inogona kuwedzerwa. Hatifaniri kukanganwa kuti anesthesia inorapwa, uye kune nguva dzose njodzi yezvinetso zvakasiyana-siyana.
Kusiyana kwakasiyana kune anesthesia
Havasi varwere vose vanoda kugamuchira mazino anesthesia, somuenzaniso, kana vachizadza meno. Vano vane chikumbaridzo chakakwirira chekushivirira marwadzo avo vanga vasingadi. Panewo zviitiko apo vanhu vanogunun'una kuti anesthetics haishande pavari. Vanofunga kuti zvinodhaka zvinoshandiswa pasi, asi, izvi hazvisi izvo. Muzviitiko zvisingawanzoiti, izvi zvinogona kunge zvakakwanira, zvinosuruvarisa - kushaya kukwana kwezvakaitwa nemurwere anesthesia. Kazhinji kazhinji izvi zvinokonzerwa nokuputika. Munzvimbo iyo kugadzirisa kwekuvhiringidzika kunogadzirwa, maitiro anesimba anoshanda munzvimbo iyoyo haagone kushanda, izvo zvinokonzera pH yakaderera munzvimbo inopisa. Chiremba wemazino anogona kudarika nzvimbo inopisa yakakomberedza mazino, achipa anesthetic yenharaunda yose yakapoteredza.
Inofanira kusimbiswa kuti maitiro ose kune anesthesia anobva pane kugadziriswa kwemunhu mumwechete. Mumwe nemumwe wedu anopindura nenzira dzakasiyana kune marudzi akasiyana emishonga. Chinokosha chero chipi zvacho chinonzi anesthesia ndechokuti kusavapo kwemarwadzo. Dzimwe nguva kushushikana kunokanganisa zvakanyanya nokukurumidza mushure mekushanda, uye kurwadziwa kunonzwika nemasimba matsva. Kana izvi zvikaitika maawa mashomanana mushure mekushanyira mazino, iyo iyo murwere akazovhiyiwa neanesthesia, unofanira kutora painkillers kudzivirira marwadzo kubva pakuwedzera. Maererano nenyanzvi, manzwiro okusuruvara mushure mekuvhiyiwa kwemazino kazhinji kacho mupfungwa. Vanhu vanongovenga kuvhiringidzwa, kunyanya meno. Icho chinoratidzika sechisingagoneki.
"Varwere" Vakadzi vane pamuviri nevana
Vakadzi vane pamuviri vanofanira kunyatsoongorora kana chirwere chemazino chichidiwa. Zvakakosha kutaurirana nevanotungamirira gynecologists. Kana mukadzi ane pamuviri ane mazamu mumuromo make, zvinokosha kuti uite basa rokuvabvisa. Mushure mezvose, kuvapo kwavo kunogona kukonzera utachiona hwehutachiona, hune ngozi kune fetus. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti mukadzi wese ane pamuviri anofanira kunge akazvigadzirira uye achibata mazino, uye kwete chete nokuti masasa anenge ane ngozi. Nharaunda yeanesthetics inotarisirwa kuvakadzi vane pamuviri mune zvishoma kuti vasakuvadza mwana. Asi kubudirira kwavo pane zvishoma. Mukadzi ane pamuviri anowanzofanira kutsungirira kurwadziwa mukurapa kwemeno. Asi zvakachengeteka kumucheche kudarika marefu eesesthetics.
Vanawo ndevamwe veboka re "varwere" vakasiyana, nokuti kazhinji vanotya kunyange rudzi rumwe rwechiremba wemazino. Mharaunda uye general anesthesia inowanzoshandiswa. Izvi zvinoshandawo kune zvinetso nehove uye mazino anogara. Kana vana vasina kunyatsopeswa, saka, kakawanda, chiremba wemazino haagoni kuita chero basa. Zviri nani kuti uende kune anesthesia pane kuti uise pachena mwana kuti ashungurudzike uye agadzire maari kutya kwekushanyira mazino ehupenyu. Kana zvichida kuwanda kweaneshesia, mune mazinyorero evana anesthesia vanowanzoshandisa mapiritsi okurara, injowa rectally kana nekuputika. Muzviitiko zvisingawanzoitiki, anesthesia inorohwa muvhein (uye izvi zvinowanzotanga basa reanesthesiologist kuvanhu vakuru).
Precautions
Nguva dzose, usati wamboita hurumende pasi rose kana nzvimbo yeanesthesia yenharaunda, unofanirwa kuita maongorori ekuongorora. Kana iwe uine chirwere chipi zvacho usati waenda kunechiremba wemazino, unofanira kubvunza chiremba wako. Basa rinokosha pano rinowedzerwa nehutano hwehutano hwako wese. Dzimwe nguva, mimwe miedzo inodiwa musati maitwa chirwere chinonzi anesthesia. Semuenzaniso, vanhu vane matambudziko emwoyo vanofanira kunyanya kudarika electrocardiogram. Kazhinji, vanachiremba vemazino vanofanira kuedza kuongororwa ropa, nekuti vamwe vanhu vane ropa rakakura mushure mekugadzirisa zino. Iyo haisi yehutano hwehutano, asi inogona kukonzera nzira yekugadzirisa mushure mekuvhiyiwa. Zvakakoshawo kuti murwere haane chirwere chemawere kune anesthetics yekunzvimbo, kunyange zvazvo asingawanzoitiki. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti vamwe vanhu dzimwe nguva vane zviratidzo zvinogona kududzirwa semishonga. Zvakare, zviratidzo izvi dzimwe nguva zvinoshanduka kuva kukanganisika, zvakadai sokunakidzwa, kuonekwa kana kutorasikirwa.
Sezvokurapa munharaunda, sezvamunoziva, zvinhu zvinogona kuitika, uye mune vanachiremba mazino - anesthetists vanofanira kunge vakagadzirira chero chinhu. Dare rega rega rezino rinofanira kunge rakagadzirirwa nezvose zvakakosha kana zviitiko zvekuzvipira. Zvisinei, kana yakakwana michina yemishonga inoshandiswa mukurapa mazino, anesthesia ichaitwa kunze kwemigumisiro uye ichava yakakodzera. Pashure pezvose, zvakakosha zvikuru ndekusavapo kwekutambudzika.