Chii chichakunda, iwe unofunga? Uye kunyange kana tichitaura nezvekudya kumwe chete - inowanzopenya chidimbu che nyama yakabikwa, kana kuti yakaiswa pfuti, kana kuti ossobuko, kana zvimwe. Chero kikiki chiri panzvimbo yakakwirira yekugadzirisa haigoni kukanganwa nyuchi, uye dzimwe tsika dzekugadzirira, somuenzaniso, Argentine, inodonha pamberi payo. Pane imwe nguva, vaRussia vakanzwisisa nyama. Uye kana zvakadaro, hazvisi nyore kutora chimedu chenyama - chero chipi zvacho chinogona kudzivirirwa mumitsara isina kugadzikana - uye chichitendere kuburikidza ne grinder nyama? Zviri nyore. Mapepa, kubika steaks kubva nyama pane grill ichakupa mufaro uye kunakidzwa kubva kudyiwa.
Asi izvi ndeyomumwe - nemutengi, saka kutaura, mapato. Kune rumwe rutivi, pamwe chete nomugadziri mumwe, zvose zvakashanduka zvakanyanya. Vamwe vanhu vari kure neyekurima vakafunga kuti Russia inofanira kuva neyoyo, hapana imwe nzvimbo iyo yakaona zvizvarwa zvezvipfuwo. Uye kwete kunyange icho icho chizvarwa, uye zvechokwadi chaicho chirevo chitsva-nyama nemukaka. Kubva pakuona kwekunzwisisa, izvi zvinorondedzerwa neshoko rokuti "Kwete kuna Mwari, kenduru, kana poker line". Kwete kumira, pasina kuyerwa. Mukuwedzera, nzombe-mhuru dzaitongerwa kuve-kare uye kwete kunakisisa-kuuraya-mukaka hauna kupa chekudya. Somugumisiro wepurogiramu iyi, zvakawanda zvakaitika (kwete kubvisa perestroika). Kusanganisira vanhu vakaumba pfungwa yokuti munyama yega yega yezvokudya ndeyechirairo, uye zvimwe zvose zvakakodzera chero nyama yakabikwa kana yekudzima uye iyo yenguruve iri nani pane chero. Ehe hongu, uye iyo nyuchi haigoni kuve yakananga kuitira kuti iite nyore.
Zvikamu zvishanu kubva muzana
Nenzira, pane rumwe rutivi rwezvitunha zvenyama, kwete Russia chete inogadziriswa. Munyika dzine tsika dzakagadzirwa zvekushandisa nyama, machechi akaumbwa akakomberedza zvikamu zvitatu chete, zvikamu zvinokwana 5% zvehuwandu huwandu hwezvitunha zvakafanana. Vose steak dzimba dzenyika dzinoshanda pazvikamu zvitatu izvi: muganhu wakadzika, muganhu unocheka uye mucheki. Asi kusarudzwa kwechimwe chikafu chekudya hachina kupera, zvisinei kuti pakanga pasina chechi. Mitemo mitatu yakawanda inofanira kuonekwa. Pano ivo.
- 1. Rudzi
Chikafu chechikafu chinofanira kunge chichibva kune imwe mhou. Kune zvakawanda zvezvizvarwa izvi, uye kana ukasarudza kujoina maitiro ezvinyorwa, yeuka, zvimwe zvishoma pane zvakanyorwa. Saka, Aberdeen Angus, Hereford, Shorthorn, Limousin, Charolais, Bass, Red Meadow uye, zvechokwadi, Chiana. Kamwe apo marudzi matatu okutanga aive anozvikudza neBrithani, yechina yechipiri - France, uye kyanin - Italy. Nhasi, ivo vakaberekwa kwose kwose, zvisinei, pamusoro pehupenyu hwenyama, kana zvichidaro, ipapo nenzira yakanaka. Mhedzisiro yezvakanaka zveJapan vagyu dzinza, izvo zvinokura nhasi kunyanya kuAustralia uye nezvakawanda zvakatengeswa kuJapan, zvinoratidzira: kusungirwa kwebiya newaini uye kuvaturika muzvipfeko chinhu chekare, asi uku kuparara kwechimiro hakuna kuchinja kunyange vatengi vaida chaizvo.
5 inowanzodiwa steaks
• Chateaubriand steak. Icho chakavezwa kubva pakati, chikamu chikuru chechenda, uye kuwanda kwayo kunonakidzawo. Kurema kwayo kunokwana 750 g.
• Steak "Fillet Mignon". Icho chakatemwa kubva kune chikamu chiduku chenyoro. Kurema kubva pa 180 kusvika ku 350 g. Izvi zvinorayira, sekutonga, madzimai.
• Steak "Tie-Bone." Bvisa kubva pamakona emucheto mutsvuku uye mucheki. Pakati pepamusoro, pane zvinorema takafanana nemapfupa. Kuoma kwekucheka kunenge masendimita matatu, uye uremu, zvichienderana, hukuru: kubva pa 650 g kusvika ku 1.2 kg.
• Inhengo yePorterhouse steak inodonhedzwa kubva pamakona emucheto wakadzika uye mucheki. Iyo yakawanda kupfuura T-bounce, uye inorema kwete pasi pe1 kg.
• Rbey steak, uyewo inopoteredza, inotemwa kubva pamucheto wakadzika nehupamhi hwe 3 kusvika kune 8 cm Kana pane bone mune Ribai, inotumidza zita rokuti "Cowboy Steak". Kurema kubva 400 kusvika 800 g.
Steak "Diana"
4 servings
Zvaunoda:
- 4 steak steak steaks, 2-4 cm masikati, inenge 200 g imwe neimwe
- 1 tbsp. l. mhandara yakawanda yemafuta
- munyu, chitsva pasi pevhu
For muto:
- 50 g ye bhotela
- 1 svondo riri mukati meeeks (chete ganda chikamu)
- boka duku reparsley
- 0.5 makapu e nyama kana mukaka mutsva
- 2 tbsp. l. cognac
- 1 tbsp. l. Dijon yemasitadhi 1-2 tbsp. l. mumonia 1 tbsp. l. Worcester sauce munyu, chitsva pasi
Zvaunofanira kuita:
Steaks inofanira kunge yakanyatsoomeswa nemucheka wepapa, isina kunyorerwa nomunyu uye pepper pamativi ose maviri. Muchiri guru rinopisa nechepasi rakadzika, kupisa mafuta emaorivhi, kuisa steaks uye kuisa fry kwemaminitsi mashanu. kune rumwe rutivi (kana zvishoma - kana zvakanyanya kuderera kupfuura masendimita 4, kana kana iwe uchida nyama nechosekondari chekucheka). Panguva iyi, simbura uye ucheke maekisi, bvisa shina kubva parsley, uye ucheke mashizha makuru. Isai steaks pahote, pfigira nemashizha uye muende kwemaminitsi mashanu. Kubva pane ganda rinopisa, umo nyama yaigadzirwa, kudira mafuta, kuwedzera hafu yebhokisi. Isa chikafu chinopisa pamhepo inopisa. Apo bhotela racho rinoputika, isa maekisi uye gadzira kusvikira unyoro, maminitsi 3-4. Wedzera muto, cognac, masardadhi, juisi yemononi uye Worcesters muto, kusanganiswa uye uuye kumota. Tinyorove kudururira jisi, wakapiwa steaks, apo "vakadzoka." Dzorera zvakare, kubvisa kubva pamoto, uwedzere mafuta akasviba uye mhirizhonga, mhutu inenge yakanyauka. Isa, nguva nemunyu uye pepper, nekukurumidza funganisa. Kuparadzira steaks pamahwendefa, dururira muto uye pakarepo kushumira.
- 2. Kuvhiringidza
Steak nyama inofanira kuve yakarongeka. Nhema yezvinofadza nyama haisi kungoita nhema. Nenzira, zvitunha zvose (mumamiriro ezvinhu akaipisisa, zvitunha) zvakanyongedzwa muimba yekutonhora nehupamhi hwemvura kwemazuva maviri kusvika kumwedzi miviri; Munguva ino, nyama yakarashika kusvika 20% yemvura, yakabikwa uye kunyange yakazara-yakanga yakafukidzwa nechitsiko, icho chakazogurwa. Imwe nzira yemazuva ano, iyo inonzi "kukwegura kwakasimba," inofungidzira kusati yatakura mutumbi mu polyethylene. Kurasikirwa kwemazana kunobva kwaderedzwa, saka, naizvozvo, inenge 90 muzana yemombe iri munyika yakwegura.
- 3. Kunyorera
Iyo steak inofanira kunyatsogadzirwa. Zvechokwadi, iwe unogona kukumbira kuti uite fry seke yekorogi, kusvikira yakagadzirira, wozodururira ketchup, mayonnaise uye soy muto, asi gadzirira kuti munhu wose aseke shure kwako. Uye zviri nani kusarudza chiyero chekunwa zvakakodzerwa zvakanyanya kune nyama iyi - kubva kune avo chatinotaura pamusoro peji 25. Fat inogona kugoverwa mune imwe nyuchi yemombe nenzira dzakasiyana. Zvakanakisisa kana zvidimbu zviduku zvemafuta zvichibaya nyama uye zvakashata (izvi zvinonzi "marbling") - chidimbu ichi chichava chakanaka uye chinonaka. Chimwe chakanyanya kupfuura zvose, kana mafuta akarara pachidimbu nechepamusoro. Muvara wemafuta unobatawo nyaya yacho: iyo yakanyanya kuchena ndeye, yakakura mhuka yacho. Kana mishonga yemisumbu yakaonda uye isina simba, ipapo mushu (nyama-inongova musungo) munguva yehupenyu hwemhuka yakashanda zvishoma uye chidimbu che nyama mushure mekunge kupisa kwekupisa kuchizove kwakanyorova. Kana mutsara "wakadzidziswa", fibhi ichave yakakura. Iyo mishonga yakawanda yakashanda, iyo inowedzera collagen mairi - iyo inokonzera teteon uye martilages. Iyi inyama yakasimba, uye inofanira kubudiswa.
Chimbofungidzira kuti chikamu chako chemombe chine rima, ine mafivha makuru, anenge asina mafuta. Iwe unogona kuibata kuti uve nechokwadi, asi pasina iyo zvakajeka kuti yakasimba zvakasimba. Chii chingaita nayo? Durai muzvidimbu zviduku uye muise pamoto muduku nemimwe miriwo. Kana chikamu chacho chasviba, asi neine marbling yakawanda uye mafizha akaisvonaka, inogona kushandiswa nyore nyore kana kukurumidza kunatswa nehotela. Uye kana chikamu chacho chiine chiedza uye zvisingabhadharwi namafuta, zvinowanzove chivharo. Iroya chidimbu sechepfupa sezvinobvira, gadzika muzai, pani mu mkatecrumbs uye fry mune guru guru rinopisa - iwe uchawana Viennese schnitzel yakanaka. Asi iyi imwe nyaya.
Kushingaira uye kutonhora
Ichi chinhu chinonyanya kukosha mukugadzirira kwemombe. Uye isu hatifaniri kufunga nezvekukurumidza kwehutano hwekupisa, asiwo nzvimbo iyo inogadzirwa. Nzira inokurumidza ndeyokupisa pamazimbe anopisa. Pano chidimbu hachina kugadziriswa chete nekupisa kwepamusoro, asiwo nemhepo inopisa mazai emarasha. Zvishoma nezvishoma zvinononoka kupisa mukapu yakaoma yekazinga kana pani yakakanyiwa. Inogona kupisa zvikuru, asi kwete sehuni inopisa, uye hapana mhepo inopisa mukati menyaya iyi. Kunyange zvishoma nezvishoma ndiro sotation, kureva, kukora chidimbu chechikafu mukapu ye sauté ichiri kuramba ichidiridza nemafuta uye kubudisa jisi. Iyi mitatu yefrying yakakodzerwa nemombe, haina kunyanya kuine collagen: inofanira kuderedzwa nekukura kwemishupa yemasisita muzvikamu zve-1 kusvika ku 4 cm muhupamhi.Nzvimbo inotevera mukuderera ndeyokutsva nyama nyama muchoto. Icho kutonhora hachisi chakakwirira pane icho - ovheni inotanga kupisa kusvika 220-230 ° C, uye mushure memaminitsi 10-15 kutonhora kunopera kusvika 120-130 ° C. Saka kubika nyama yenyuchi, yakagochwa, zvidimbu zvakagadzirwa zvakagadzirirwa (chikamu chinofanira kuva chakakura uye chisingaregi). Kana uine nyama ine yakakwirira yegrogen, unoda kuidzima pamoto muduku. Iwe unogona kutora chikamu chose kana kuchicheka-hazvina basa. Chinhu chikuru ndechekuti une nguva yakakwana.
Kune zvishanu zvidzidzo zvekutanga zvekudya nyama:
• Kazhinji - neropa;
• Muviri usingawaniki - ropa shoma, rimwe jisi jisi;
• Pakati - yakasvibiswa, yakasviba, yakapinda mukati menyama, isina ropa;
• Chitubu chemukati - inenge yakabikwa, ine juisi yakachena;
Zvakanaka - zvakanaka zvakabikwa.
Iyo nyama yakaonda kwazvo, zvishoma inofanira kuve yakabikwa - sarudza midzi kana midzi isina kuwanikwa. Kune marble steaks, zvakanyatsonaka zvakanaka zvinokurudzirwa, saka mafuta anowanikwa anosanganiswa uye juisi yakazara nenyama. Usakanganwa nezvetsika dzeizvi kana rudzi irworwo - somuenzaniso, munyika dzekumaodzanyemba, nyama ine ropa inowanzorayirwa.
Nzombe yakabikwa nemasitadhi, waini yakaisvonaka uye tomate
6 servings
Zvaunoda:
- kg ye-pulp yekombe brisket
- 800 g yemamatawa anomere
- 3 masikati machena machuru
- 3 clove yegariki
- 750 ml yewaini yakaoma yakaoma
- 2 tbsp. l. Dijon masitadhi
- 3-5 tbsp. l. mafuta ezvirimwa
- munyu, chitsva pasi pevhu
Nokuda kwezvinyorwa zvegarnishes:
- 5 mapuritsi eparsley
- 4 mapfupa e thyme
- 2 mapoka maduku e tarhuna
- 1 bay leaves
Zvaunofanira kuita:
Cheka nyama mumakumbo nemaoko masendimita masere, yakaoma, mwaka nemunyu uye pepper. Ne tomate yakakanyiwa, durai anyanisi muhafu yezvindori, gurai garlic muhafu. Bunch rakanaka thread. Mufambisi mu 2 tbsp. l. mafuta muzvikamu zviduku fry nyama kusvikira chiedza rustic, 5-6 min. Kana zvichidikanwa, wedzera imwe mafuta akawanda pane imwe neimwe chikamu chitsva. Nyama yakagadzirirwa kuenderera kune imwe ndiro. Zvakakosha kuti usarega nyama irege kubudisa jisi kana kufara zvakanyanya. Pakuguma kwegadziriro, shandisa mafuta ose kubva pani, kunze kwe 1 tbsp. l Kudira muwaini. Itai kumota uye mubike, muchikurudzira uye muchibvisa zvimedu zvakanamatira kubva pasi kusvikira ivhu remvura yakaderedzwa nechimwe chechipiri, maminitsi gumi. Wedzera musadhi, whisk ne whisk. Isa mujisi nyama yakakangwa, tomate yose, anyanisi, garlic uye zvigadzirwa zvinonaka. Ivhara pani nechifukidziro, kuderedza kupisa kusvika padiki. Pheka 2 maawa.Ipapo bvisa maruva, gadzira nyama, uye moto uwedzere. Pheka kwemaminitsi gumi, uye gurai muto muine blender. Isa nyama yacho mumupu, ushu uye ushande nechingwa chakachena chikafu.