Kuti mwana anokura sei mumwedzi wokutanga wehupenyu
Kuremera kwakaitwa nemwana mumazuva ekutanga ehupenyu hwake, achiripo naamai vari muchipatara, anokurumidza kudzorera mumavhiki matatu anotevera. Kwemwedzi wokutanga wehupenyu mwana ari kuwana mavhareji emagiramu 600 uye anokura pane imwe nzvimbo ne 3 masentimita. Mukuwedzera, iyo musoro wepachifu uye chifuva zvakare inowedzera ne 1.3-1.5 masikati.Iye inofanira kuyeukwa kuti mwana wose ari munhu, uye kunyange mumwedzi wokutanga wehupenyu ane purogiramu yake yekufambira mberi. Kana zviratidzo zvikuru zvekukura kwaro zvisingaenderani nemavhareji, asi, zvisinei, mwana anonzwa zvakanaka, achinyatsotsvaira mukaka kana mukaka kubva mubhodhoro, saka hapana zvachose chinonetsa.
Power supply
Kukosha kwekudya kwevana mumwedzi wokutanga wehupenyu ndiko mukaka wemvere. Kuberekwa kwecheche pachikumbiro kunokurudzira kugadzirwa kwe lactation muna amai, pamwe nekuumbwa kweukama hwepedyo pakati peamai nemucheche. Nezvokudya zvakadai mwana haadi mvura, zvose zvakakosha zviri mumukaka wamai. Sezvo muviri wechecheche uchingotarisana nenyika itsva, amai vari mumavhiki ekutanga ekubudirira kwomwana vanofanira kuomerera pakudya kwakasimba kuitira kuti vasabatwa nezvinetso zvekudya pamucheche wechicheche.
Kana mamiriro acho akabudirira nenzira yakadai kuti kudya kwekugadzirira hakugadziviriki, saka zvakakosha kutaurirana nechiremba wevana munyaya yekusarudza mutsara wehutano hwekudya kwevana. Munguva yekupa mabhodhoro, edza kuramba uri pedyo nemucheche sezvinobvira kubhadhara nenzira yakakosha kuti mwana adiwe kuyamwa pazamu amai.
Kurota
Kurota kwomwana achangoberekwa kunopesana uye kusina kukwana. Mwana wacho anorara kakawanda uye kazhinji anomuka, kazhinji anomutsa vabereki vake pakati peusiku. Sezvo mutemo, mwana achangoberekwa anovata maawa 16-18 pazuva. Edza kugadzirisa zvirwere zvemucheche uye uronga kugadzira, kushambadzira uye kushambidza, pamwe nemabasa epamba, izvo zvakanyanya kuwedzera.
Izvo zvinodikanwa kuti mwana akawandisa mumhepo itsva. Imwe nzvimbo iyo chifukidzo chemwana ichimire inofanira kunge ichiita zvakanaka, uyezve, unoda kubvisa zvinyorwa zvemamwe mhere-radio, TV, kombiyuta, nezvimwewo. Edza kurongedza kurara kwemasikati kwemwana ari panze-mupaki, musango kana kune imwe nzvimbo, apo pane nguva dzose pane chimwe chinhu chokufema.
Mwana wacho anofanira kurara pachigaro kune rumwe rutivi, nguva nenguva inofanirwa kushandura kuruboshwe rworuboshwe nekodzero iyo inopindira nekuchinja kwe musoro. Mukuwedzera, inofanira kurangarirwa kuti nokuda kwekugadzirisa kwakanaka kwemucheche wemwana hapana chikonzero chekuisa mutsamiro mumucheka.
Baby Care
Kunyanya kunetseka ndiko kuchengetwa kwechechecheche. Ikushambidza kokutanga, kutarisira maronda embilical, shanduko yekushandura mapepa ndiyo chinhu icho vabereki vatsva vanofanira kudzidza mumavhiki ekutanga ehupenyu hwemucheche. Saka unozvibata sei nechecheche kana mwanasikana? Funga zvinhu zvose zvakarongeka.
Mucheno mangwanani
Kusvibiswa kwemanheru kwechechecheche kunopa: kuchena kwekufamba mumvura, kushambidza, kushambidza, uye kutarisira maronda embilical. Zvose zvinorayirwa kuti zviitwe kuburikidza uchishandisa soraire cotton wool uye mvura yakabikwa.
Inokurudzirwa kushambidza mwana wako kubva pameso. Maziso anofanirwa kuputirwa nehuta yekotoni, yakakanyiwa nemvura yakabikwa, kubva pakona yekunze kusvika mukati. Tarisa mucheche wemwana kana iwe usingadi kuichenesa kubva kumakumbo akaoma. Nhamba dzeNasal dzinofanira kucheneswa nehutoni hwakakoswa hwekorosi yakanyoroveswa nehutano hwehuviri, mvura yakabikwa kana mafuta emwana. Usashandise yakagadzirwa nekotoni swabs, nokuti inogona kukuvadza zvishoma uye zvinyoro zvinyorwa zvemwana. Uyewo, usanatsa nzeve nekotoni buds. Kubva munzeve dzenzeve, chete sarufa inonatswa, iyo inowedzera kunze uye inowanikwa kune ziso risingaoneki. Yeuka: mhino haisati yakanatswa nekuda kwekudzivirira, sezvo inogona kutsamwisa hutu hwemukati.
Chimbudzi chamangwanani chinoguma nekubvisa chiso chose chemucheche nekotoni swab yakakanyiwa nemvura yakabikwa.
Uye, hongu, usakanganwa pamusoro pechirwere chemubilical. Kana ikaramba ichitsemuka, itai ne 3% solution ye hydrogen peroxide, uye nyatsodzima kubvisa zvipfeko nekotoni swab uye zvakare uritore ne hydrogen peroxide. Nyorove uomise chivako ne swabhota yekotoni, uye wobva wanyura nechigadzirisa chemavara (bhuru).
Kuchengeta mukati mezuva
Sezvo mwana achangoberekwa achizorora kusvika ka20-25 pazuva, uye chigaro chacho chinenge ka 5-6 kaviri, kuchengetwa mukati mezuva kunopa kuchinja kwemajapu nemadhirasi nguva dzose, uyewo nzira yekuchenesa kuti isadzivise kusuruvara kubva pamigumisiro yomuti uye zvimedu. Nenguva dzakawanda pazuva, shandisa mirefu ekuchengetedza mwana mucheka wakachena wezvigunwe uye zvinyuchi zvekugadzirira kuti usapinda maitiro ekutsvaira nekutsamwa.
Manheru ekurapa
Chimbudzi chemanheru chemucheche, kutanga kune zvose, kushamba. Kubata mwana achangoberekwa ndiyo nzira inokosha yehupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Sezvo mutemo. Kushambidza mucheche musingabvumirwi zvinopikiswa kunorumbidzwa kubva pazuva repiri mushure mekubuda kubva kuchipatara chekuberekwa. Iko huru yekushambadzira kwevana ndeye: mvura inonzi thermometer, shampoo, sese mwana, kana emulsion inokosha (mhombwe) yekushambidza. Kushambidza mwana kunoitwa mumusana wekushambidza mwana pamvura inotonhora kwete yepamusoro 37 ° C. Kana chironda chemubilical chisina kukwana, mvura chete yakabikwa inofanira kushandiswa pakuita. Mwana wacho anofanira kunge akazobhabhatidzwa mumvura. Mushure mekudonha, mvura inofanira kusvika kumucheche kumapfudzi, kwete. Nguva yekushambidza panguva yakangoberekwa haifaniri kudarika maminitsi mashanu. Apo mwana anova muduku, uye kushambidza kunomupa mufaro, zvichave zvichiita kuwedzera nguva yeiyi nzira. Mushure mekushambidza, unofanira kunyatsoomesa mapepa ose echeche nemucheka uye wozogadzirisa neana mafuta kana kamuti. Usakanganwa nezvekurapa kwemubilical ronda.
Zvinetso zvinogona kuitika
Apo patinotaura nezvekuvandudzwa kwomwana mumwedzi wokutanga wehupenyu, tinowanzokanganwa pamusoro pemamiriro ezvinhu anogona kukonzera vabereki zvakawanda manzwiro uye kuzvidya mwoyo. Nokudaro, zviri nani kuzvigadzika pachako neruzivo kuitira kuti urege kushungurudzika pasina chikonzero chakajeka. Saka, chimbofunga nezvemamiriro ehupenyu anoti zvinogona kuonekwa mumwana wemazuva ekutanga ehupenyu.
Chirwere chechimiro chevana vechecheche , sekutonga, chinoitika kune vakawanda vana kana zuva rechitatu mushure mokuberekwa. Ganda recheche rinowana ruvara rwechando. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nokuparara kwemasero matsvuku eropa-erythrocytes, zvichiita kuti kusunungurwa kwebilirubin (yellow pigment). Sezvo mutemo, jaundice yepanyama hairevi chero kurapwa kwakakosha uye inopfuurira zvakasununguka mushure memasvondo maviri.
Kana jaundice inowanikwa musi wekutanga kana wechipiri mushure mokuberekwa, zvino inogona kutaura nezvechirwere chakakomba-chirwere chehemolytic chinowanikwa sechikonzero chekusagamuchirwa kweropa raamai uye fetus.
Dambudziko repabonde
Mumwana achangoberekwa, vose vakomana nevanasikana, mazamu echingwa zvinogona kuonekwa. Kumanikidzika uye kuvhara zviri mukati memazino emamota zvinorambidzwa zvachose! Mukuwedzera, vasikana mumazuva ekutanga mushure mekuberekwa vanogona kuonekwa mumasisita ekubuda, izvo zuva re5-8 rinogona kuva ropa. Vakomana vacho vanogona kunge vane edema yekunze kwema genitalia, iyo inogona kupera kwemavhiki maviri. Zvose zvinorondedzerwa pamusoro apa zvinokonzerwa nekukanganiswa kwehomoni dzemubereki, kurapwa hakudi uye kunopfuurira zvakasununguka.
Kurasikirwa kwechimirosiyo
Mumazuva matatu kusvika mana ekutanga mushure mokuberekwa, mwana anorema kuwanda. Zvikonzero zvekuderera kwehutachiwana hwemucheche ndezve "postpartum stress", mukaka muduku wemukaka kubva kuna amai mumazuva ekutanga mushure mokuberekwa, kubva pamucheka wepakutanga nemuguta. Kazhinji, kurasikirwa kwehutatu hwemwana ndiko 5-6% yehutatu hwepakutanga. Kubva pazuva rechishanu rehupenyu, mwana anotanga kuwedzera kuwedzerwa uye, nezuva regumi rehupenyu, anodzorera zviratidzo zvakanyorwa pakuberekwa.
Chizivo cheganda chinotarisa
Pazuva rechitatu kana rechishanu rehupenyu hwemucheche, ganda rinogona kutarisa, kazhinji pamukomana uye pachipfuva. Mamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, akadai ari pamusoro apa, anoenda ari oga uye haadi chirwere, uye kuburikidza nenguva nguva ganda romwana rinenge rava nyoro uye rakanaka.
Dhiyabhorosi erythema
Kakawanda kune vana vane maitiro ekugara nhaka kune zvinokonzerwa nemagetsi, chirwere chakadai seyerythema inotyisa inogona kuonekwa. Pazuva rechipiri kana rechishanu rehupenyu, kuputika kunogona kuonekwa pamuviri wemwana nenzira yemavara matsvuku, pakati pekunge iwe unogona kuona tsvina ye-grayish-yellow kana blister. Mumazuva matatu anotevera, mashandiro matsva anogona kuonekwa. Mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, hapana chikonzero chekufunganya, sezvo mazuva mashomanana gare gare mashizha anopera zvachose.
Nokudaro, mumwedzi wokutanga wekusimbiswa kwemwana, kwete mwana chete, asiwo vabereki vake vanoenderana nemamiriro matsva. Mwana wacho anofanana nehupenyu hutsva, uye vabereki vake vanodzidza kutarisira mwana muduku, uyewo anoshandiswa kurarama hupenyu hutsva.