Nhengo ye nightshade gore negore, uswa hunogara husingaperi, shrubs, semi-shrubs, kazhinji miti inomira kana kukwira shina. Mashizha acho akazara, akabatana kana kuti aigara achiita, anopindira kana kubata. Maruva kazhinji anowakarurama, bondexual, oga kana kuti mu inflorescences, nhengo dzishanu. Muchero wemhando iyi yemiti inobereka michero yakawanda yakawanda. Nightshade nenzira yayo pachayo ine michero yemitemo inobatsira - eggplants, mbatatisi, dzimwe nguva matata.
Aina.
MuRussia, pane anenge makumi maviri emhando yemhuka-inokura yemarudzi aya.
Semuenzaniso, nightshade inotapira (S. dulcamara) inenge hafu shrub ine kukwira micheka, maruva anowanzoita lilac, uye majiroji akajeka. Inokura kumaodzanyemba kweWestern Siberia uye inenge iri munzvimbo yose yeEurope mumashizha ematope, masango, masango, pedyo nemhenderekedzo yemasvingo.
Black nightshade (S. nigrum) - chigadzirwa chegore negore nemaruva akawanda akachena, ane mazambiringa machena (dzimwe nguva kune majiro ehuteu ruvara). Mune mhando yemasora inokura pedyo neimba, muminda neminda yemichero.
Zvose zviri mhando dzazvo dzakagadzirwa zvine chepfuous substance - alkaloid solanine, iyo inogona kukonzera chepfu.
Nightshade yakabatwa (S. laciniatum). Nyika yeiyo mhuka ndiyo Australia. Mune zvarakagadzirwa zvine glycoalkaloids (solamargin uye solasonin), iyo inoshandiswa kuwana iyo steroid hormone se cortisone uye progesterone. Aya mahomoni anoshandiswa mukurapa. Mune chimiro chemiti yegore negore yakakurira muKrasnodar Territory.
Mhando dzakawanda dzemarudzi ezvekugara dzinokura semiti yemiti mumiti yemichero. Heano mamwe acho: nightshade yakaoma-shama, fringed nightshade. Munzvimbo dzinotasirwa zvivara uye mune imwe nzvimbo zvigaro pepper nightshade yakakura.
Muchigariro mamiriro, nightshade inoda kumwe kuchengetwa: kugara uchitsvaira, kutema panguva yakakodzera, kupisa kunotonhora munguva yechando. Kana izvi zvisati zvaitwa, simiti ichakurumidze kurasikirwa nemasikirwo ayo.
Kutarisira kwerutivi.
Nightshade chimiro chemafirimu, saka nekuda kwechiito chakakosha basa rinojekesa chiedza chakapararira chinodikanwa. Kutarisa masikati ezuva kunotambura zvakanyanya. Inokura zvakanaka pedyo nehwindo rekumadokero newindo rekumabvazuva. Pedyo newindo rezasi, nightshade inofanira kuva pritenyat.
Muzhizha, chimiro chemukati chiri nani kutora nightshade mumugwagwa, asi inofanira kuchengetedzwa kwete kubva kune zvakananga zuva ravira (kuti isapisa zuva), asi kubva kumashizha uye kunaya. Pasi pemugwagwa mudenga nightshade ichaunza michero yakawanda, kwete kana ichikura mukamuri.
Nokuda kwechando, unofunga kufunga nezvekuwedzera kwechiedza. Kushaiwa kwechiedza kunotungamirira kukuti chimiro chinotumbuka zvakanyanya, fruiting uye pane mashizha mashomanana pairi.
Dyara nightshade kwete muchitsime chete, asi zvakare muzhizha inorayirwa kuchengeta pa18-25 degrees. Uye munguva yekupedza uye yechando muti unobereka zvibereko pa12-15 degrees. Kana kutonhora munguva yechando kunopfuura 18 о С, ipapo mashizha anotanga kutendeuka uye achibhururuka pamusoro, uye ma berries anopenya uye anotanga kupera. Mukuwedzera, munguva iyi, chimiro chinoda mhepo yakachena, asi isati yakanyora.
Kunwisa mvura yakawanda (April-September).
Muchikamu chemukati mamiriro ekutanga kubva munaOctober kusvika February, simiti inomanikidzwa nekuda kwekuderedza mhepo inopisa uye kupenya kuderedzwa, iri munguva yekuzorora. Pakutanga kwenguva ino, nightshade inowanikwa munzvimbo inotonhorera, umo kunzvimbo yakadzika inoshandiswa. Kunwisa panguva ino kunofanira kunge isina kukwana uye kuchengetwa kuitira kuti kuonekwa kwemavara matsva, zvinodiridza kunofanira kuwedzera zvishoma.
Humidity indices inokonzera nguva ye fruiting, saka zvinokurudzirwa kuchengetedza iyo inenge 65 muzana.
Nightshade inofanirwa kugara ichiputirwa, iyo inodawo kuisa mudziyo nemiti pane imwe, iyo inotanga kuzadzwa nematombo akaoma, yakawedzerwa ivhu kana peat. Pasi penhiyo inofanira kuva pamusoro pemvura, asi kwete mumvura.
Kupfeka kwepamusoro kunoitwa munaMay-September nehuwandu hwemvura inoshandiswa kamwechete pavhiki kana vhiki mbiri. Fertilizer inofanira kutorwa nekuda kwemaruva mumiti midzi.
Pakazopera nguva yechando, ma berries anogadziriswa uye mashizha anotendeuka, uye ipapo nightshade inofanira kubviswa pa 1/3 yekumusoro, uye inobva yaiswa muvhu idzva rakachena. Muchikwata, migumo yekusina-kutumbuka mitsva inofanira kuve yakasungwa.
Kudyara nightshade kunoitwa pashure pokucheka gore negore nekutanga kwemvura.
Substrate inokodzera: zvikamu zvakaenzana zvemashizha uye turf pasi, peat. Kana kuti yakadaro: jecha (chikamu chimwe) uye zvikamu zviviri zvehutu, peat, humus pasi. Kuronga kwakanaka kunogadziriswa, izvi zvicharamba kudzima kuora midzi.
Kubereka.
Ichi chomukati chemukati chinowedzera nekucheka uye mbeu.
Mbeu dzinowanda kakawanda mukati megore, nokuti mbeu iyi inodyarwa panyika yakasvibiswa (inofanira kunge iri mashizha) uye yakadyarwa pasi pegirazi pane kutonhora kwete pasi pe20 degrees, asi kwete kudarika 22 degrees. Mbeu dzinodyarwa pamusoro penyika uye dzakafukidzwa nechepakati pejecha rakakonzerwa. Vhiki mbiri gare gare dzinobuda. Pashure pemiti miviri yekugadziriswa, muchero muduku unodonhedzwa muhari nehwupi inotevera substrate: humus (2 zvikamu), jecha uye tsvina (1 chikamu chimwe nechimwe) uye inofanira kubviswa. Muzhizha, majaya mashoma anodiwa kutemwa kazhinji, izvi zvinodiwa kusimudzira branching.
Kuberekwa nekucheka kunokwanisika munguva yechando-yezhizha. Nokuda kweizvi chinangwa chekuchera zvakakosha zvakasimwa mune jecha rakanyorova kana perlite (unogona kutora musanganiswa unobatanidza zvikamu zvakafanana zvejecha ne peat). Kana imwechete iyo ikatunga midzi, iyo inodonhedzwa muhari ne nyika inosanganisira: jecha uye tambo (1 chikamu chimwe nechimwe) uye zvikamu zviviri humus, pinching inomiriro. Muzhizha, michina miduku inofanira kuderedzwa kazhinji, iyo ichapa kukurudzira kwekubata branching zviri nani.
Kuchengetedza: majikiti akavharwa zvakanaka uye akajeka, asi ane zvinhu zvine uturu, saka kana imba ine vana vaduku, kuti isadzivirire chepfu, zvinodzivirira zvinodiwa.
Zvinetso zvinogona kuitika.
Mashomanana mashoma. Muchiitiko ichi, unogona kuisa mapurisa nightshade maruva nebhuruki.
Muchando, michero uye mashizha anowa. Chikonzero chacho ndechokuti imba yacho yakaoma uye mweya inodziya.
Yakakanganiswa: hove, spider mite (kunyanya kana muti wacho uchichengetwa mumba mune mweya wakaoma), aphids, whitefly.