Mukuwedzera kune mapuroteni emakemikari, fungi inonyanya kuzivikanwa nehuwandu hwemineral salt, kazhinji inonzi minerals. Kunyanya kukosha muhowa inotassium salts, iyo inoita kuti basa remuviri wemutsipa rive basa. Kudya mushroom kunokurudzirwa kune zvirwere zvinoputika, anemia. Zvinogona kudyiwa, kugara pazvokudya - hapachina zvakawanda zvekuri mu mushroom: 1 kg 320 mazwi. Inowanzowanikwa mumasango uye mushwa ane chepfu, izvo zvakafanana nezvokudya uye kuti ungazviparadzanisa sei - tichakuratidza.
Kudya - kusagadzikana
Mukutaura kwezvokudya zvinovaka muviri, fungi inodyiwa inogoverwa mu 4 mapoka. Chero chero mushandi anoziva kuti: kubudirira kwekushanya mushroom hakusi zvachose muhuwandu hwekuzadza tswanda - inoyerwa mu "white". Ndiyo nhamba ye fungi inokosha uye inobatsira inosarudza kana kushambadza kwakabudirira. Chikamu chekutanga chinosanganisira chichena, podberezoviki, mushwa, uchi-mushroom uye mutsvuku. Kune wechipiri - ma-boletus, oysters, chanterelles, mhondi uye maruva. Chikamu chechitatu chinosanganisira kukosha, masses, black mushrooms, russules, podgruzdki. Mushonga wechina yechina anoonekwa seasingakoshi uye haazozivikanwi neyewa mushroom pickers - oyster mushrooms, dung nyuchi, govorushki, ryadovki, trutoviki. Asi, zvechokwadi, chibatanidza ichocho chiri panzvimbo yekutaura.
Edible - inedible
Chokutanga, fungi inoparadzaniswa, zvechokwadi, inodyiwa, inedible, inogadzika kudya - izvi ndizvo izvo zvinoda zvakakosha (dzimwe nguva kwenguva refu) kugadzira, uye zvine uturu, izvo zvine ngozi muupenyu.
- Edible. Nokuda kwezvokudya muzvokudya hazvidi kutotanga kurapwa (kunwa kana kuputika). Vanofanirwa kucheneswa zvakakwana, kunatswa uye kuputirwa nemvura yakatsva.
- Zvichidya zvinodyiwa. Izvo "zvinotyisa", sezvakataurwa nababambuya vedu. Ikozvino, kune shungu-zvinhu zvinouraya izvo zvinoputika mumvura panguva yekubikira kana kuisa zvinokuvadza nekuchengetwa kwemazuva akawanda kwewaini mushwa. Mune urongwa uhwu tichasangana nemamwe ose anozivikanwa akawanda uye mushwa, ayo tinoda salty zvakadaro, asi iyo inoda kuiswa kwenguva refu mumvura ine munyu uye yakabikwa kuti ibvise hasha.
- Inedible mushroom. Zvinongova zvisingasviki zvinhu. Hazvidyi nokuti dzinenge dzisina kunaka kana kuti dzine unhu husingafadzi huri kubviswa nehupi hupi hwehutano. Izvi, somuenzaniso, bile fungus.
- Poisonous. Izvo zvine chepfu - zvinhu zvine uturu zvinokonzera kutyisa kwakanyanya, kazhinji kunyange kuurayisa.
Tora-usatora
Kuguma kwezhizha uye kutanga kwekuvhura ndiyo nguva yakawanda yekuwa mushroom. Zvichida, munhu asingawanzodi haadi kufamba musango runyararo rwezhizha rine tswanda. Asi kunyange kufamba uku kune mitemo.
∎ Nguva yakanyanya "mushroom" mangwanani-ngwanani. Zviri nani - mushure mema 6 dzemangwanani.
■ Mamiriro okunze akawanda e "mushroom" - mushure mokunge mvura inonaya. Inonzi "mushroom". Kana manheru acho aiva nemvura inotonhora inonaya-mangwanani inomirira mahowa. Chengetedza mushwa mumhepo yakafema (kufema) - mabhasiki, mabhasi. Mumapuranga epurasitiki, vanokurumidza kuputsa uye "kuvhunga".
- Iwe haugone kuunganidza mushwa pedyo nemigwagwa, njanji, mafekitari uye, kunyanya, mumaguta. Kunyange zvazvo dzimwe nguva pasi pemiti iri pedo nevanopinda hapano-kwete, asi iwe uchaona hove yekutarisa yeguta remugunironi. Mbeu dzine nzvimbo yekuwana zvinhu zvinokuvadza kubva kune ivhu uye mumhepo uye inonyanya kugadzirisa zvinhu zvinosvibisa (zvinorema zvese, pesticides, radionuclides).
- Iwe haugone kuunganidza mushwa husingazivikanwi - izvi zvinozivikanwa kunyange kuvana vaduku. Uye "kana zvakadaro - kamwe-kamwe inosvika pakuva yakanaka" haufaniri kuita izvi. Hazvisi zvakanaka chaizvo kana "mutorwa" achishandura dengu nevakidzani varo vanodyiwa.
- Iwe haugone kuunganidza yakaora, kunyange inodyiwa, mushwa. Kunyange kana chikamu chakasvibiswa chibviswa, ruvara uye unhu hunobatsira hwehuta hutotambura.
- Hazvidi kuunganidza zvakanyanya, zvinyoro uye zvakashata mushroom - pane zvishoma zvisinganzwisisi kubva kwavari, uye, sezvinozivikanwa, minye mhombwe nokukurumidza - zvakasara zvezvirimwa zvichakurumidza kupera.
- Zvingava zvakanaka kutenga bhuku pamusoro pewawaini kuti agone kugadziridza chiyeuchidzo chezviratidzo zvezvokudya uye vamiririri vasina. Kakawanda kazhinji kunouraya nehove dzemanyepo, izvo zviri kunze zvakangofanana nezvokudya uye zvinongororwa pamwe chete navo. Saka zvakakosha kudzidza zvakanaka zvinowanzoonekwa zvefungi uye kuziva maitiro akasiyana emhando dzine chepfu.
- Kusvibisa newaini
Kusvibisa newaini kunoonekwa seimwe yezvokudya zvakanyanya uye zvinotyisa zvekudya. Zviratidzo kubva kumaseu akasiyana zvakasiyana. Saka pamusana pekufungidzira - kutsvaga mukana wokutaurirana navanachiremba.
Zvinokonzera
• Chikanganiso chakaitika panguva yekuunganidza mushwa. Icho chinotyisa che fungi pachako, kuunganidza zvinhu zvinokuvadza (simbi inorema, nezvimwewo) mukukura kwemafungus.
• Kukunda fungi nezvidumbu,
kunyanya, mushroom flies.
• Iko nguva yakareba yekuchengetwa mushwa usati wagadziridzwa kana kuti wagadzirirwa mushwa.
Zvaunofanira kuita
• inwiwa yakawandisa: 4-5 makapu emvura yakabikwa muchitonho chemukati, unogona ne soda (1/2 tsp girasi) kana kuti pink pink solution ye potassium permanganate kunobatsira kurutsa;
• Pakarepo mushure mekushambidza mudumbu upe ruvara uye uite enema (unogona kuva nechirwere chisina simba);
• Isa munhu akabatwa pamubhedha, shandisa moto hunopisa mumaoko ako netsoka;
• Gara uchipa murwere chirwere chinotonhora, nehutera husina simba-tea yakasimba;
• Tsvaga kurapwa, kunyanya kana mwana akabatwa.
Cherechedza chinyorwa! Mamwe marudzi efungi haabvumirwi newaini. Kana iwe usina chinangwa chekudzidzisa chidhakwa chinowanzozivikanwa, usambochishandisa sechinhu chinonaka, somuenzaniso, koprinus (grey ndove). Nenzira, haazounzi kukuvadza kune munhu anonzwisisa.
Chenjerera: vana!
Kune vana, fungi dzakawanda dzinowedzera kukuvadza kupfuura dzevanhu vakuru, saka kushandiswa kwe "mushonga" mushroom nevana kunofanira kunge kwakakwana. Muviri wemwana usina kuchena unonyanya kunetseka kune zvakasiyana-siyana zvepfuu, uye zvimwe zvinotyisa zvinogona kumuita kukuvadza kukuru.
Newayo mushroom - kumusika
Kana pasina nguva kana unyanzvi hwokuunganidza mushwa iwe pachako, unogona kuzvitenga pamusika. Pakutenga zvakakosha kuti uongorore zvakanyatso mushwa-kana pasipo matambudziko, kukuvadza. Usatenga mushwa, wakabvaruka kubva mumudzi. Tarisa kucheka kwemakumbo. Inofanira kunge ichitsva, kwete mamiriro ekunze-kuputirwa, mativi acho kunyange, kwete kumira. Hati idzi hadzifaniri kunge dziine sunspots kana dzisina kumira mavara. Kana iyo mushwa iine flabby, haifaniri kutengwa. Usatenga mushwa mumapurasitiki epurasitiki. Zvinetso nemudumbu zvinogona kukonzera uye zvinodyiwa fungi, asi kwete nguva dzose zvinopisa chepfu, kunyange zvazvo zviratidzo zvepakutanga zvakafanana. Mbeu inodyiwa zvokudya. Mucherechedzo wechitinous hauna kunyanya kudyiwa, uye imwe GIT haigoni kutarisana nemutoro akadaro. Dambudziko rekugumburwa kunogona kukonzera zvakare, fungi yakawandisa yakawana zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi. Kusina kunaka kwekugadzira mbesa kana kuchengetedza mushwa kunoitika, kunozara nesalmonella, staphylococcus kana imwe hutachiona hwehutachiona. Asi chinonyanya kutyisidzira hutano uhu hunopisa hunwa. Chokutanga chezvose - maruva toadstool, ayo anowanzovhiringidzwa nehotera, mushonga, ruvara rushula. Kana uchisvibisa fungus iyi, kurutsa uye chirwere chakasimba zvikuru zvokuti munhu anogona kufa nekudonha mvura. Muwaini mushonga inopisa pane nguva yakareba - zviratidzo zvinotanga kuratidza munguva pfupi. Muchidimbu chechidimbu, nguva ino inogona kusvika kune rimwe zuva. Ngwarira paunofamba uchivhima mushroom!
Zvakakosha kuyeuka
Kakawanda kakawanda kudhakwa kwekushandisa mushroom, kunyange iyo yekutanga, inokuvadza. Mushonga akaoma-kudya-kudya zvokudya uye, nehuwandu hwemasi yakaoma yakagadzirwa mumugwagwa, kudhakwa kunogona kuitika. Vakawanda vanodavira kuti makore e "mushroom" yevana anouya makore manomwe. Muzvokwadi-kushandisa mushwa muzvokudya zvevana zvinogona kuva mushure memakore matatu. Asi kwete kare. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti mushwa unenge wakaoma kuoma nemhaka yekuvapo kwechitin mumagadzirirwo avo - mbeu inomera, iyo inopesana nekugadzikana kwezvibereko, uye inokonzera kusuruvara kwemukati mumukoma. Ipa mushroom kuvana vane zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zvegumbo rekudya, mafungiro, mwoyo yemavhudhi, unotambura nezvinetso zvemagetsi, hazvifanirwe. Asi kunyange yezvokudya zvevana vane utano hwakanaka kudarika makore matatu, pamwe chete nemafuta nemafuta ane mushonga haagoni kushandiswa. Mushonga chinhu chinoparara. Nekuchengetedzwa kwenguva refu, mapuroteni, mafuta, marhydrihydrates of fungi anotanga kuparadzaniswa, izvo zvinotungamirira pakuumbwa kwezvinokonzera chepfu. Kusvibisa nefungi kumumuviri wemwana kunonyanya kuipa kudarika munhu mukuru. Kana mushure mekushandiswa kwefungi mwana wacho ane malaise akazara, kurutsa, chirwere, chirwere chisina kunaka, kuputika, kushungurudzika, kusakosha, kuputika, nezvimwewo, ichi ndicho chikonzero chokudana ambulensi. Kana mwana wacho achiziva, achimirira vanachiremba, anofanira kumupa mvura inotonhorera yakarungwa (1 kiyiyo yeyuyu pa 1 litre yemvura). Iwe unogonawo kupa mwana wacho mu-enterosorbent (mazimbe akashandiswa kana zvimwewo). Mushure mekusvika kwema ambulensi, ndinonyatsopesana nekukurukurirana muchipatara kana kuti chirongwa chinoratidzwa kuchipatara. Mutengo wechisarudzo ichi unogona kuva hupenyu hwemwana wako.