Mune dzimwe nyika dzeEastern Europe, kune makumi maviri emakumi ezviuru zvezvirimwa zvinomera. Asi chikamu chiduku chezvirimwa izvi, anenge 2, 5 000, vane chero kuporesa. Mukuita, zvisinei, inenge 10% yehuwandu hwezvirimwa zvine maestrapa zvinoshandiswa.
Nzvimbo inonyanya kukosha yekuwana yakakwirira-mishonga yemishonga yakakosha ndiyo billet yakakodzera. Mishonga yemishonga inokohwa chete mukanaka, yakaoma mamiriro okunze, masikati, apo mashizha anenge atooma kubva kumadekwana emvura kana manheru emvura.
Kana zvinhu zvinoshandiswa zvechirwere chemishonga zviri munhengo dzemuviri, zvakawanda zvezvirimwa zvakadaro, zvechokwadi, zvinounganidzwa masikati. Kana iyo inoshandiswa inenge iri munhengo dzepasi, ipapo haisi nguva yezuva kana mamiriro okunze ekuunganidza zvidhinha zvakadaro. Mushure mezvose, vasati vaomesa mumatambudziko akawanda akageza. Izvo zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti panguva yekutsvaga kwemishonga yemishonga yakasvibirira, zvakakosha kuti tisafambidzana kwete chete mazuva anopiwa mumusana wekukohwa wekudyara, asiwo munguva yezvokudya. Nenzira, shoko rokuti "vegetation" kubva muchiLatini izwi rokuti vegetatio rinoreva kukura, chiitiko chekuita basa rinokosha rezvisikwa zvipenyu. Uye zvikamu izvo chete uye nhengo dzemiti yemishonga inounganidza, umo mune zvakawanda zvezvinhu zvinoshandiswa zvehupenyu zvinounganidza munguva yezvinomera. Kana mitemo iyi inokosha isingateverwi, ipapo inounganidza mishonga yemishonga mushure mekunge kana mushure mekudya kwenguva inogona kunge isina mishonga yemishonga yemuviri wedu.
Ngatimbokuyeuchidzazve zvakare - kukohwa zvirimwa zvakakosha panguva iyoyo apo vakawana huwandu hwakawanda hwezvinhu zvinoshanda uye vasati vava nenguva yekuzvishandisa. Semuenzaniso, muitsvo, nhamba yakakura yezvinhu zvinoshingaira zvinoitika munguva yekudzimba kwavo; mune tubers, midzi uye rhizomes - panguva yekuibva; uye bark ine kukosha kukuru mukati megore.
Kuunganidzwa maererano nemitemo yemishonga yemishonga inoda kunyatsoronga, kubvisa zvakashata zvisingabatsiri miti yemishonga uye kusvibiswa kune dzimwe nyika. Mitsara uye yakagadzikana nezvikamu zvakafa kana kuora zvakanyatsocheneswa.
Uyewo imwe yemamiriro ezvinhu ekuwana michina yakakosha yemhando ndeyekuvapo kwewaini yakaoma, isina kunaka, yakachena. Kuunganidzwa kwemarudzi akasiyana-siyana emiti yemishonga mumiti imwechete isingadiwi.
Sezvambotaurwa pamusoro apa, itsvo dzinofanira kuunganidzwa mangwanani-ngwanani, apo chete dzinotanga kukura uye kuzvimba, asi dzisati dzarumbuka. Mune fomu iyi, itsvo dzine huwandu hwakawanda hwebalsamic uye tarry zvinhu. Kana tsono yakakura, somuenzaniso pine, inofanira kutemwa nebanga. Kana tsono iri duku, birch, saka inopurwa mushure mematavi akaoma. Iyo itsvo dzinovhura kwemazuva mashomanana, saka zvinokurudzirwa kupedzisa kukohwa kwavo vasati vemavara epeputi vetsva vatsva, zvinoratidza kutanga kwekukura kwavo.
Iyo bark yemiti uye shitubhi inonyatsogadzirirwa pakutanga kwechitambo kufamba kwejisi: kazhinji kubva munaApril kusvika May. Iyo bark panguva ino yakanyatsoparadzaniswa kubva pamatanda. Kuti uiunganidze, nekapi inopinza zvakakosha kuti uite mamwe mabheji akawanda emamwe matavi kubva kune imwe kune imwe nzvimbo iri kure ne 25-30 cm.Ipapo, nekureba kwenguva refu, shandisai zvindori uye bvisa bark nenzira ye groove. Unganidza chete zviri nani kupfuura bark, umo mukati mekhokwe (yakafa chikamu che cortex) haisipo.
Mashizha anonyanya kuunganidzwa panguva yekutanga kwemiti yemichero, kukohwa kunongowanikwa chete, mukati uye pasi peasia mashizha. Zvakakosha kuchenesa zvakagadzirwa zvakasvibiswa kubva pakasvibiswa uye zvinomisa.
Uswa hunofanira kuunganidzwa pakutanga kwekupenya kwayo, kubvisa ne pruner, jeko kana banga. Nekukura kwakasimba kwezvirimwa, vanowedzerwa ne-scythe yenguva dzose, uye zvino vanosarudzwa kubva pakugadzira.
Inflorescences nemaruva emichero yemishonga inounganidzwa pakutanga kwechikamu chemavara, achivabvarura nemaoko avo. Maruva chete ayo atova maruva, asi haasati apera, akagadzirirwa.
Zvinhu zvakapfuma zvipenyu zvinoshandiswa zvinhu zvibereko uye mbeu . Munyaya iyi, ivo vanokohwewa mushure mekuzadza zvakakwana. Muchero wakakura michero inowanikwa mumabhokisi emapuranga kana mabhasikiti, kushandura uswa hwakawanda masheji ose kana, muzviitiko zvakanyanya, pepa rakaoma. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, michero haibati pamwe chete uye haisati yanyanyisa.
Mitsara uye rhizomes zvinogona kuunganidzwa kwete mushure mekufa kwenhengo dzomumhepo (muvhuvhu), asi vasati vatanga kuwedzera (pakutanga kwegore). Mushure mekuchera, midzi inodedera kubva pasi, chikamu chemaodzanyemba chinobviswa, midzi midonda uye nzvimbo dzakakanganiswa dzinobviswa. Izvo zvinokonzerwa nezvinhu zvakashambidzwa zvinoshambidzwa nemvura inotonhorera, zvakasvibiswa pamataraulin kana tsvina yakachena.
Nekukohwa kwakakodzera kwemiti yemishonga, vanochengetedza huwandu hwezvinhu zvakakosha pakurapwa kweimwe zvirwere.