Kazhinji kacho pane kushaya, nekuputika (aspiration), mutumbi wekunze mune imwe nzira yekupema. Kazhinji izvi zvinoitika nevana vaduku vanoshandisa zvinhu zviduku munguva yemutambo, kana kuti vanoita zvokudya panguva yekudya. Zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zviduku zvinogona kupinda muhutano hwevana. Mutumbi wekune imwe nyika uri mumusoro wepamusoro wekufema mukati mevana unogona kutyisidzira hupenyu hwavo, saka zvakakosha kukumbirisa unyanzvi. ENT-vanachiremba kazhinji vanobvisa kubva mumhino, mapapu, bronchi, larynx uye trachea yevana marudzi ose ezvinhu zviduku, zvidye uye zvikamu zvekudya.
Mwana anodzidza nyika, uye anoisa zvinhu zvakawanda mumuromo make uye anofarira. Zvizhinji zviitiko zvekutsvaga zvinoitika nevana kusvika kumakore matatu. Basa rinomedza recheche rinowedzera, saka vana vanowanzovhunga kudya nezvokudya zvakasimba.
Vana vaduku havakwanise kutsanangura zvakaitika, saka dzimwe nguva vakuru vanoenda kumapoka ekurapa kuti vabatsirwe kana zvanyanyisa.
Chinhu chekunze kune imwe nzvimbo mumhepo yekupema.
Kupinda mumugwagwa wepamusoro wokufema, muviri wekunze unowanzovhara lumen ye trachea uye bronchi. Kana mhepo inenge yakadzivirirwa, inenge isisviki kusvika kumapapu uye kubudisa simba apo inenge yasununguka. Kana mhepo yakadzivirirwa zvachose, mhepo inopinda mumapapu, asi hapana kubuda kunobva kuitika. Nekuvhara zvakakwana kwepurogiramu yokufema, chinhu chekunze chinoita sevhavha, saka zvinokosha kumubatsira nokukurumidza mwana. Mubereki mumwe nomumwe anongomanikidzwa kuziva nzira yekupa rubatsiro rwekutanga munyaya iyi.
Chinhu chekunze chinogona kugadziriswa mumugwagwa wekupema, kana kuti "kufamba" kuburikidza navo. Kana chimwe chinhu chekunze chichiwira mukati maroox kana chechechea uye rubatsiro rwekutanga rwunokosha harupi, rufu rwemwana runogona kuitika mumaminetsi mashomanana.
Mutumbi wekune dzimwe nyika uri muhutano hwemapfupa muvana. Zviratidzo uye Kuongororwa.
Zviratidzo:
- Kukanganiswa kusingatarisirwi;
- Kufema uye kufema kunofema;
- Cyanotic skin;
- Kupfupika kwepfuuriro;
- Pakuchema, matsi, inzwi rakanyarara.
Kazhinji chimwe chinhu chechieni chinopinda mubronchi apo mwana asingatarisirwi. Muchiitiko ichi, vabereki havagoni kupa zvikonzero zvikonzero nei zviratidzo izvi zvichionekwa. Inowanzofungidzirwa kuti mwana ane utonho, uye usapinda kuna chiremba, asi tanga kuzvitapa. Izvi zvinotyisa kune hupenyu hwechecheche. Kana zvinhu zviri muhutano hwekupema zvinodzivirira zvachose bronchi, mwana angave ane zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana:
- Emphysema;
- Pneumonia;
- Pneumothorax;
- Purulent pneumonia;
- Pleurisy;
- Bronchial asthma.
Zvokudya zvinopinda mumugwagwa wekupema zvinogona kutanga kuora, zvichikonzera, nekudaro, kuputika, izvo zvinotyisa kune hupenyu hwomwana.
Mukana wekunyunyuta kwekutsvaga nekuzadzikisa zvakakwana kwemuviri wekupema, mwana anoda rubatsiro rwekutanga rwekukurumidza. Zvadaro tora mwana wacho nokukurumidza kuenda kuchiremba.
Kubva pane nhau yevabereki uye zviratidzo zvinoratidza chido, vadzidzisi vane ruzivo vanozogumisa pamusoro peshuvo. Nezvimwe zviratidzo zvekutsvaga sechimwe chekuongororwa, mwana anopiwa X-ray kuongororwa, tracheobronchoscopy, kuburitsa.
Rubatsiro rwekutanga.
- Kana mwana akavhara chimwe chinhu chiri mutorwa, zvakakosha kutenderera muviri wemwana zvakanyanyisa mberi uye kurova muchanza mushure pakati pemakumbo emafudzi. Kana chinhu chekunze chisingaiti, dzokorora nzira yacho kakawanda.
- Kana chimwe chinhu chekunze chichipinda mumhino yechecheche, kumbira kuti aise. Kana semugumisiro muviri wakarereka uchiri mumhino, iwe unoda kuenda nokukurumidza kuchipatara. Usati watanga rubatsiro rwekutanga, mwana anofanira kumira kana kugara uye asingachemi. Iwe haugoni kuedza kuwana chinhu kunze.
- Nzira inonyanya kubudirira: kukumbirisa mwana kubva kumashure, kuitira kuti maoko akavharidzirwa mucheki pamimba pasi pemibvu. Zvikamu zvinoputika zvezvigunwe zvinofanira kumanikidzirwa kakawanda munzvimbo yepigastric kakawanda. Dzokorora kugamuchira kakawanda.
- Kana mwana akachecherwa, zvinodiwa kuisa mudumbu wake pamabvi akagadzika, kuitira kuti musoro wecheche wakange wakaderera sezvakagona. Zvadaro kwete zvakasimba, asi zvakanyanyisa kurwisa muchinda pakati pemakumbo emwana. Kana zvichidiwa, dzokorora nzira yacho kakawanda.
- Nokukurumidza paunenge uchikwanisa foniidza ambulensi.
Kurapwa kwemwana nemumwe mutorwa kune dzimwe nyika mumhepo kunorongwa mumatare eET anokosha. Kurapa kunowanikwa pasi peanesthesia yakawanda nerubatsiro rwetracheobronoscopy kana endoscopic forceps inokosha.
Mushure mokunge chinhu chekunze chichibviswa pamucheche wemhepo, anorayirwa kurapwa kunodzivirira kutanga kwekuputika. Mwana wacho anopiwa chirongwa chemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, physiotherapy, kushambadzira uye gymnastics yerapa. Kurapa kwakakomba kunoenderana nekuoma kwekukundwa kwehutano hwehutano uye chiyero chekugadzirisa.
Kana muviri wekunze usingakwanisi kubudiswa kubva pamubhedha wekufema, kana kuti zvakakosha kudzivirira kubuda ropa kana chirwere chinonzi purulent, kupindira kwekuvhiya kunoshandiswa.
Mushure memagumo ekurapa kwomwana anofanira kuona chiremba we ENT. Mwedzi mishomanana gare gare, kumwe kuongororwa uye kurapwa kwepurogiramu yokufema kunobvisa maitiro akavanzika ehutano.
Kudzivirirwa kwe ingress yemamwe mimwe mitumbi muchipatara chevana.
Kutapira muviri unotyisa. Vabereki vanofanira kunyatsocherechedza mwana. Usarega mwana wako oga. Usapa mwana zvidhori nemashoko maduku, kunyange pamberi pevanhu vakuru.
Hazvikurudzirwi kufudza mwana nembeu, nuts, peas, zvimedu sweets kana dense zvakakwana majiroji. Usaisa pachena mwana wako kuti atadze.
Vabereki vaviri vanofanira kunge vachikwanisa kupa rubatsiro rwekutanga munharaunda yekutyisidzira kuhupenyu hwemwana.