Ndiri kufema!
Pakarepo mushure mokuberekwa, mwana anotanga kufema ari oga-izvi zvinoreva kuti kwete mapapu chete asiwo yose yemwoyo yakagadzikana mubasa. Refiratory reflex inoratidzira muvana vakawanda mukati memaminitsi 10-15 mushure mokuberekwa. Chisikwa chiduku chinoda nguva iyi yenguva duku yeperestroika kufema pachayo, nokuti kwemwedzi mapfumbamwe Amai vakafemera. Hazvisizvo zvachose kuti mwana anonhevedzera zvikuru - mwanakomana wangu wepakati, somuenzaniso, akachenesa zvinyararire achangoberekwa. Usakanganwa kukwazisa mukomana uyu: "Hongu, mudiwa wedu, sezvatave takamirira iwe kwenguva yakareba! Sezvatinofara kuti iwe wakaberekwa! "Iyo inoporesa mafungiro emvura, inopa oksijeni kune ropa, inoshanda zvikuru kwazvo: muchecheche inenge inenge 14 muzana yehutatu hwemuviri, mumunhu mukuru - kwete kupfuura 6%. Ndicho chikonzero kufema kwomwana pakutanga kusina kufanana uye kwakadzika, kunosvika kazhinji kacho nekunyanyisa kana kushayikwa kwe okisijeni. Kuputika mumamiriro akadzikama ari 120-140, uye kana uchidanidzira kunokwana 200 kurova paminiti. Pakupera kweawa rokutanga rehupenyu, hutano hwemwoyo "huwandu hwemhepo" (kukura kwemwoyo uye kuchena, moyo wehutano), ipapo mwoyo yematambudziko inowedzera kusvika pakuzvarwa.
Nyeredzi yekuyeuka
Mushure mokutanga kwekuputika, zvikamu zviviri zvemapapu emwana zvinoputika, uye ropa rinopa kuchinja "mararamiro" - ropa, murombo mumhepo, rinoyerera zvino kubva pamwoyo kusvika pamapapu, uye kwete kumbilical cord, sezvakaitika kare. Basa remutambo wembilical, iyo yakawanda kwemazuva mazhinji kuchinjana ropa pakati peamai nechecheche, kutora okisijeni kumwana, mishonga, mavhithamini, uye kubvisa zviduku zviduku zve "kuwedzera", hazvisisina maturo.Ii ndiani uye anocheka tambo yembilical? Mukuzvarwa, izvi zvinowanzoitwa na papa, asi kazhinji-muchecheti (anokonzera chidimbu chinonzi clamp-clamp.) Asi pose pose pakaberekerwa mwana, zvakakosha kuti tambo inogurwa mushure mokunge inomira kuputika: rwonzi rwokupinza rinopa mwana mwana oxygen-inowedzera uye muviri wemuviri placenta (kunyange kana nguva yekutanga yekudzivirira inowedzera) uye inodzivisa matambudziko anokonzera (oxygen nenzara, anemia, pathological jaundice yevana vachangoberekwa) nemhaka yezvakawedzerwa zvekuwedzerwa kwesimbi mumutumbi.Kuri makiriniki anotevedzera maonero emazuva ano, zviputi zvinosungwa uye zvakasungwa mutsara hausi mushure mekutanga kwemucheche mwana, asi mushure mekunge ropa rinopera (mushure maminitsi mashanu kubva pakuberekwa): izvi hazvikonzeri kushungurudzika mumwana. Uye iwe haufaniri kunge uine mafungiro asina kunaka: hapana hutachiona hunopera mumutsara wembilical, saka izvi hazvina maturo.
Inzwi, chiedza, kupisa
Kutanga kufema nekuzvimiririra, mwana wacho anoedza kuchinja uye kushanduka kwekushisa kwezvakatipoteredza (mumuviri wemubereki nguva dzose yainodziya uye yakasununguka), uye kuvapo kwemashoko matsva (kare ainzwa chete amai vane rudo kana inzwi rababa) uye zvakasiyana zvakasiyana-siyana zvekujekesa nzvimbo kuzere. Ngatisiye kukanganwa kuti kukuvadza uye simba rekukuvadza rinoshanda pamusana pemvura inokwira kwemwedzi 9 mumusangano wemvura ane ushamwari usingatauri nemanzwiro akadaro - zvakaomawo kuti uzvienzanise nemaminitsi mashanu. Ndicho chikonzero, nokuda kwekushandurwa kwakakwana kwomwana kune nyika yedu yezvinhu zvenyama, zvakanakisisa muffled chiedza, mazwi anyerere uye mafungiro akachenjerera paanoita "zvakakodzera" maitiro.Nokuti sei muzvinyorwa? Kunyange zvakadaro, hazvisi pachena kuti sei mumakiriniki edu gorosi rinokurumidza kuendeswa kuchiyero uye kuyananisa kukura , zvakanyanyisa kuputika maoko ake nemakumbo, izvo zvisingatauriki zvachose, nokuti mushure memaminitsi gumi nemana gare gare hurefu hwake uye uremu huchave hwakafanana nekuzvarwa.Iyewo inozivikanwa kuti antibacterial properties yemafuta epakutanga zvakafanana nehumwe unhu hwehutano mukaka, saka kushandiswa kwekutanga kwekubisa (nguva pfupi mushure mekusununguka, sekutsika mumakiriniki) kunogona kukuvadza utachiona hwemucheche.Kunyatsoziva kuti vana vasati vasvika vanowanzova nemafuta akawanda kupfuura avo vakazvarwa panguva - naizvozvo, hunyanzvi hunodzivirira hungwarira hunodzivirira vasina simba. Saka hazvifadzi kushambidza kana kupukuta pakarepo mushure mokuberekwa, uye mwana achangoberekwa achadziyirwa zviri nani (kushambadzira hakukwanise kuperedzerwa nekuda kwezvinhu zvinoshamisa zvemetabolism) kana iri pamakumbo amai.
Nesterilno!
Chigadziro cheganda uye mucous membranes panguva yekuzvarwa hachina kukwana. Izvozvo hazvikwanise kuve zvakasiyana, nokuti kweminiti yapfuura mwana akanga asina kunyarara! Kunyange zvazvo shoko rokuti "zvachose" harina kukodzera, ganda uye mucous membrane yemwana anogara pamiti yemvura yekuberekwa kwaamai panguva yekuberekwa, asi nzvimbo yebhakitiriya yeamai inowanzozivikanwa kumucheche, amai uye mwana vane mishonga yakadaro yemuviri. mushure mokuberekwa kwomwana kunoda kusongana chete naamai vake.Tichayeuka zvakare kuti kusungirirwa kwepakutanga kwemazamu (panguva yekutanga yeupenyu) nekuwana madonhwe mashomanana emaronda anobatsira kuti agadzire mhuka yakakwana yemukaka yemwana, zvino EU Ichokwadi, inoumba humwe humwe hunhu hwehupenyu hwemwana wako kwehupenyu hwake hwose, uye nokuda kweiyo nzira iyi inobatsira zvikuru: kudyisa pakarepo mushure mekubereka kubereka (uye kukurudzirwa kwenzvimbo yemukomana pamwe chete) kunobatsira kukurumidza kukurumidza muhute hwemukaka wechipfuva uye ine simba rakajeka mukuderedza chibereko chacho (kudzokera kwaro, kutangira-kutakura, ukuru), izvo zvakakosha kuti kudzorerwa kwechikadzi kurima kwakakwana.
Zvinokosha kupfuura mweya
Usatenda kuti mwana achangoberekwa haaoni chero chinhu, asinganzwi, haanzwi kuti anonzwa uye anokanganiswa nezvakaitika. Zvichida mutumbi haushandi nesimba rakazara, asi mwana iye zvino iko kubatana, musango wemanzwiro asina kujairika, manzwiro uye zvakaitika. Uye kufema kwomuviri wamai vangu, pfungwa yeukama hwepedyo naye ichaita kuti zvibone kugadziriswa nokukurumidza uye nyore nyore kumamiriro matsva ehupenyu. Mune vana vari mumaminitsi ekutanga ehupenyu pedyo nemadzimai avo muchiedza chekudzikama uye kunyarara kwakanyarara, kufema, kupararira kweropa uye kutonhora kweganda kunodzika nekukurumidza. Sezvo afuridzira uye aine zororo mushure memaitiro, mwana anotanga kushandura musoro, kutamisa zvigunwe nemakumbo. Zvinokurudzirwa kuti uzviise kumusikana asina kupfeka mudumbu - izvi zvinoshandiswa pakutsvaga reflex, uye mwana anogona kuwana mukaka wamai vako pasina rubatsiro, uye nekunyatsomwisa. Aya ndiwo maminitsi okutanga ekuzivana, kubvumirana kwemumwe nemamwe hafu yeiyo ichangobva kuwanikwa - amai nemwana. Uye zvakakosha kuti kusungirirwa kwekutanga kune mazamu hakugadziriswa (yakakurumidza kushandiswa, yakakurumidza kubviswa, inowanzoitika). Pamberi payo, kurukurai nharo iyi nevanoita vezvehutano, vachigadzirisa izvi. Zvose zvemucheche uye amai, kushandiswa kuchipfuva mumaminitsi makumi matatu ekutanga mushure mekuberekwa chiratidzo chekuti "zvinhu zvose zvakanaka, kufamba kwemazuva ose, maitiro ose ari kuita nenzira yakasarudzika." Pane izvo zvinodanwa kushandiswa (kamwe-kamwe imprinting) -kutsanya uye kusingagadziki Kuyeuchidza, izvo zvinongoratidzwa mumaawa okutanga ehupenyu Pari ikozvino, hukama hwepedyo hwakasimbiswa, hunoenderana nekubatana kwemwana kuna amai uye pfungwa yeamai yekuva amai.
Kutanga kushandiswa
Hezvino izvo zvakasarudzwa zvinoitwa nevashandi veimba yekuberekwa vanoita sechechecheche:
■ kuchenesa kwemuviri wekupemha, muromo uye nasopharynx kubva mumucheka uye amniotic fluid ne catheter chaiyo;
■ kusungirirwa kwepachikanda (kupindira) kumudonzvo wembilical, uye kuchicheka;
■ kubviswa kwehuwandu hwemakore ekutanga-lubricant kubva paganda recheche nemucheka usina kuchena;
■ kuenzanisa kwehutano hwemuviri nekukwirira, chifukidzo chechifukidzo uye musoro wemwana;
■ kuvhara (swaddling) mwana achangoberekwa ane chidimbu chinotonhora kuti arege kunwisa pamusoro;
■ prophylaxis yebluenorrhea (chirwere chetachiona chinotapukira) - kuiswa kwealbucid kana kuti levomecitin madonhwe mumeso kana kushandiswa kwemafuta anouraya nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya;
■ kuisa 1-2 madonhwe e 1-2% solution ye nitrate yesirivha kune vasikana mumatambudziko ekuberekwa;
■ kuongororwa kwenharaunda yevana pachikamu cheApgar;
■ uye, chokwadi, zvisati zvaitika, mushure mokunge kana kunyange panguva yemabasa ekurapa kwevana anoratidza iwe - heroines nhasi!