Nyaya inonzi "Jaundice: Kusiyanisa kurapwa, kurapwa" kuchabatsira vana vaduku munguva yekuziva uye kugadzirisa mararamiro echirwere uye kupa mwana mamiriro ezvinhu akakodzera kuti awanezve nokukurumidza.
Physiological jaundice haisi "mhuka" yakaipisisa. Iko kunoonekwa mune dzimwe nguva vana vatsva vane utano hwakakwana uye hachisi chinhu chinopfuura kuchinja kwepamweya kubva muupenyu hwepinuterine kune imwe itsva, kunze kwemuviri wamai. Physiological jaundice inokonzera kuwedzera kwebilirubin mumuviri wemakumbo.
Bilirubin chibereko chekuparara kwemasero matsvuku eropa. Masero matsvuku eropa anowanzoparadzana pakarepo mushure mekuberekwa kwemwana, saka huwandu hwebilirubin (yellow pigment) hunowedzera muropa raro. Bilirubin inosunungurwa kuburikidza nechiropa checheche, asi ichipiwa kuti ichiri chimiro, uye haigoni kushanda nesimba rakazara, kubvisa bilirubin kubva muropa kunonoka zvikuru. Nokudaro, muvana vanotambura nehupenyu hwejerice kwenguva yakareba, pane kuchena kweganda uye kupera kweziso.
Kana iyo jaundice yepanyama isina kuonekwa pazuva rehupenyu hwema 2-3, saka, zvichida, inenge isati yaonekwa. Kazhinji, jaundice yepanyama ine nguva yevhiki mbiri kusvika kutatu. Muchiitiko ichi, mamiriro ezvinhu emucheche haafaniri kukukonzera kunetseka - anodya uye anorara zvakanaka, haacheri nekuda kwechikonzero chaicho. Muchiitiko ichi, chirwere chemuviri chinonzi jaundice hachidi kurapwa.
Imwe nyaya-jaundice pathological. Zviratidzo zvehutano hwepanyama uye hutachiona hwakafanana: kuchena kweganda uye chekuona kweziso, asi muchiitiko chechipiri chirwere chacho chinotora nguva yakareba uye kakawanda chinosangana nematambudziko.
Pathological jaundice inonziwo "hemolytic chirwere chechecheche." Zvinokonzera, izvo zvinokonzerwa nei, zvinogona kuva nezviverengero: somuenzaniso, kusagamuchirwa kweropa rwenyama nemwana kana Rh rhesus kukakavadzana. Kana amai veamai vari vekutanga, uye mwana wechipiri kana wechitatu, unofanira kunyatsoongorora kana mwana wacho achiratidza zviratidzo zvejerice.
Mukuwedzera kune zvakataurwa pamusoro apa, chirwere chechirwere chinokonzera mwana mucheche chinogona kukonzera zvikonzero zvakadaro:
- kupinda muchizvaro cheamai vezvirwere (zvakadai sehepatitis B, rubella kana toxoplasmosis), iyo inotyisidzira zvakananga utachiona hwomukomana;
- kushandiswa kwemishonga neamai (somuenzaniso, oxytocin kana simba rakasimba remishonga);
- kuberekwa nguva isati yasvika;
- kana kune chibereko chinopfuura chimwe muchibereko;
- kushungurudzwa pakutaurira;
- zvirwere zvekupedzisira zvemukadzi (somuenzaniso, chirwere cheshuga chinokonzera).
Chii chinokonzera chirwere chinonzi jaundice muchechecheche? NdiRh-antigen, iyo, iyo inopinda kubva mumuviri wemwana (muchizvaro) kupinda muropa ine rhesus isina kunaka yemamai, inokonzera kugadzirwa kwemasero anorinomwe evanhu. Aya masero anogona kukwanisa kupinda muropa remwana kuburikidza ne placenta (hazvina basa kana iri mudumbu kana kuti akaberekwa). Vanowedzerawo kuitika kwekuparadzwa kwemasero matsvuku eropa muropa remwana.
Kusiyana nehutachiona hwehuviri, zviratidzo zvingawanikwa pazuva 3-4 mushure mokunge aberekwa, chirwere chemajeri chinoratidzika pachavo zuva rakatevera kuberekwa. Ganda uye runyoro rwemaziso emwana rinowana bhenje rakatsvuka. Zvinowanzoitika kuti urini rwemwana anorwara hunovhenekera, asi ruvara rwehuvara rwayo harusi kuchinja.
Kana iwe ukawana chero chiratidzo chejerice - kupa ropa kumwana kuti uongorore. Kuwedzera kwemazinga ebilirubin kucharatidza kuvapo kwechirwere ichi.
Kutanga chirwere chechirwere chinenge chisingaiti. Mushure mezvose, dzimwe nguva zvinosangana nechinetso, icho chinoratidzwa mune chirwere chitsva-nyukliya encephalopathy. Uku ndiko kukundwa kwenheyo yepamusoro yenheyo, iyo inomuka kubva pane imwe yakakwirira ye bilirubin, chinhu chinotyisa uye chinotyisa. Muchiitiko ichi, mwana anogona kuve asina usimbe uye asina hanya, kufungidzira kunoyamwa kunonyangarika kunopera, haawedzere kuyerwa (uye dzimwe nguva anorasikirwa nemagiramu), dzimwe nguva mwana angangodedzwa.
Zvisinei, kana mwana wacho akapiwa zvakakodzera kutarisirwa uye kurapwa kwakakodzera, zvinoita kuti isapinda nuclear nyuzi. Muchiitiko ichi, chirwere chechirwere chinogona kupfuura pasina migumisiro, yakadai sekudziviswa kwekufambira mberi uye kusagadzikana mumwana.
Kana mwana wako ari kurwara nechirwere chinonzi jaundice, unofanirwa kutarisa kune chikafu chake. Kana chirwere ichocho chikaitika pasina matambudziko akasiyana, iwe haufaniri kurega kunwisa. Kana jaundice yakaoma zvikuru - vanachiremba vanokurudzira zvakasimba kuti iwe udzorere mukaka waamai namavhenganiswa kana kuti uuye sekuwedzera kune chikafu. Kana, zvisinei, sarudzo inogadziriswa pakusunungurwa kwenguva pfupi kubva pachipfuva, mai vanofanira kufanidza mukaka kuitira kuti irege kuparara uye haifaniri kutenderera kune iyo yakakwana zvachose.
Kana chirwere ichi chakakomba, mwana achangoberekwa anokonzerwa nejlucose infusions (kune mamwe mishonga inogamuchirwa neWMS) nechomukati. Izvi zvinoderedza huwandu hwebilirubin uye kushandura ropa. Hazviwanzoitiki kuti jaundice yakanyanya zvokuti mwana anoda kuwedzerwa ropa.
Vose amai vanofanira kuyeuka kuti hutano hwemwana wavo huri pamusoro pezvose, uye kuti kunyange chirwere chakadai sechinhu chisina basa uye sechinhu chisina basa se jaundice chinofanira kunge chiri pasi pekuchengetedzwa kwechiremba nguva dzose.