Mutsara: marudzi.
Kupembera "American Perseus". MuchiLatin, zita iri: Pesea gratissima Gaertn kana Pesea americana Miil. Zvirimwa zvemhando idzi zvinosvika pakakwirira mamita makumi maviri. Mashizha acho akaoma, ose-akataridzika, kubva kumusoro ari mumvuri-mumvuri mumvuri wakajeka, uye kubva pasi zvishoma bluish. Mashizha emashizha gumi masendimita masere Mvura inoputika inounganirwa mu inflorescences-panicle, ndeyemadzimai akaroorana: kushorwa uye anthers havabvumi panguva imwe chete. Zvibereko zvemukati uyu wa avocado zvakabatana ne drupes. Iyo yakakura, kureba kwayo inenge masendimita makumi maviri. Muvara wavo wakavara, ruvara rwemavara kana rutsvuku. Iyo peduncle ye avocado inosvika 35 masentimita. Nyama yemichero iyi yakawanda kwazvo, inonhuhwirira, yakaoma, yakasviba-ruvara muvara.
Mhando iyi yemucheka inowedzera munzvimbo dzine mamiriro okunze anonyorova, simiti inogona kuwanikwa pamakomo emitenha kunyange kumucheto wemamita 2400 pamusoro pegungwa mukati meAmerica neMexico.
Kubika ndeye muti unokosha kwazvo wemichero. Ipepuru ine nyoro ye avocado inenge inenge 30% yehotela, mavitamini akawanda, mapuroteni, shuga. Tsika inogona kuwanika kune dzimwe nyika dzine nyika dzinotyisa uye dzinotyisa. Mhando dze avocados dzakanyanya, zvikuru.
Munharaunda, maAnterlles, Guatemalan uye Mexican marudzi kana marudzi anozivikanwa.
Nhangemutange ndiyo antilles. Maruva ane nzvimbo yekuzadza kubva munaMay kusvika munaJune, uyewo munaOctober naNovember. Mashizha haafaniri kunhuwidza anise. Chibereko chikuru, kusvika pamagiramu 600, maitiro avo akafanana nepeari, ganda rezvibereko rakatetepa. Zvibereko, zvinyorwa, zvinobereka mukati memwedzi 8. Vane tambo shoma shoma. Izvi zvinomera zvinogona kuwanikwa munzvimbo dzinopisa dziri muCentral America.
Race yeGuatemalan. Izvo zvinomera hazvizonhuhwi zve anise. Miti yacho inotumbuka kusvika munaMay kusvika pakati paJune. Mune avocado yemhando dzakasiyana siyana, michero yakawandawo, masero ayo anosvika magiramu 600. Nzvimbo yavo inenge yakaoma. Guatemala avocado inokura kuSouth Mexico uye kuGuatemala. Mumvura inotonhora isingadziviriki, simiti yacho yechipiri chete kune avocado veMexico.
Race is Mexican. Iyi nhangemutange inoratidzika nemiti yakaderera pasi, kureba kwayo iine mamita gumi nemaviri, zvisingawanzo 18. Mashizha, kana akaputika, ane simba rakasimba reanisi. Chimiro chinobukira kubva mumazuva ekupedzisira aMarch kusvika kumazuva okutanga aJune. Muchero wacho une ganda rinonyorova, vane masendimita gumi nemaviri uye masendimita manomwe muhupamhi.Uremu hwavo hunenge ma 300 g. Mexican avocado inotumidzwa semiti inonzi subtropical plants. Inogona kuwanikwa mumakomo ekumusoro kweAmerica uye kuMexico.
Mutsara: kusiya.
Zvinyorwa (mudiro wacho pachawo) zvakaoma chaizvo kutenga mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzakashambadza, asi zvinogona kukura zvakasununguka kubva pfupa risiri nyore.
Miti yacho inoda chiedza chakakwana pakukura kwayo, asi haifaniri kunge yakananga zvakananga kumazuva ezuva, saka inofanira kunge yakasvibiswa zvishoma.
Kana pane nzvimbo yakawanda isina nzvimbo uye chiedza, ipapo muti unopa hukomba, asi hahuna kumira. Kwete muzvinyorwa avocado inenge isingasviki.
Mumazuva echando uye zhizha mavhacados anoda kutonhora kwakakwirira, inofanira kuva kunyange pamusoro pekupisa kwekamuri. Muchikwata uye munguva yechando, kupisa kunonyanya kunakidza kuchava 20 degrees. Kana kutonhora kuchidonha kusvika kune digirii 12, avocado inogona kubvisa mashizha.
Muchirimo nezhizha, apo sarcado inotanga nguva yezvinomera, inoda kunwisa zvakanaka. Mumwaka wechando uye pakuvhuvhuta, mvura yacho zvishomanana mushure mezvikamu zvepamusoro zvepasi muhari iyo shoma shoma.
Kutinhira ndiwo muti unoda hunyoro huzhinji. Iko inofanira kudiridzwa kakawanda, kunyanya panguva yekupisa. Mvura haifaniri kutonhora. Kuti uwedzere hunyoro, unogona kuisa mubato we avocado pane imwe marara ane matombo, akawedzerwa ivhu nemvura inonaya. Asi pasi haifaniri kusvika pamvura.
Mumazuva echando uye zhizha zvinoda kudyiwa kamwechete kwemavhiki mashomanana nehuni uye mineral fertilizer. Mumwaka wechando uye pakuvhurwa, kana pane nguva yekuzorora, hazvifaniri kuidya.
Kunyange zvazvo muti wacho uri muduku, avocados inofanira kuiswa gore negore. Zvirimwa zvekare zvinoshandiswa, zvechokwadi, zvishoma. Nyika inogadzirwa kubva musanganiswa we humus, turf uye jecha. Nyika inonzi sod inofanira kuva yakakura zvakapetwa kaviri semamwe mativi.
Izvi zvinokura zvakasimba nokukurumidza. Anoda mapeji makuru.
Nzira dzekuchengetedza mumba dzinogona kukura kubva pfupa, uyewo ne vegetative budding.
Kudavirira: kubereka nenzira yezviyo.
Sarudza mbeu dzakachena chete. Isu tinozadza poto ne pasi substrate, tinoita kuwedzera, tinoisa mbeu, asi musoro wayo haufaniri kunge uri pasi pasi pevhu. Dhavhara musoro pamusoro pegorozi kana girasi replastiki, uriise muchiedza, asi kuitira kuti parege kujeka zuva. Chengetedza ushu hwe-digrii 21, moisten iyo substrate uye mhepo muimba.
Kana mashizha aonekwa, tinobvisa kapu, apo mashizha anowedzera simba, anofanirwa kubviswa.
Kudavirira: kubereka nenzira ye budding.
Iyi nzira inoshandiswa munguva yechinyakare (pamakwenzi maviri emakore ane ziso rinokura) kana muzhizha (ziso rinorara). Miti yacho haiparidziki nemichero, nokuti inenge isingaiti midzi.
Miti iyo yakaparadzirwa nembeu inotanga kubuda kwemakore makumi matanhatu nemana, uye maitiro - makumi mana.
Matambudziko angamuka.
Kakawanda mazano emashizha anochinja, saka anotasva pose pose ndokubhururuka. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nemhepo yakaoma, saka inoda kuiswa, kunyanya munguva yekupisa. Miti yacho inogona kunge isisina unyoro hwakakwana, saka inofanira kunwisa nguva zhinji uye yakawanda.
Mashizha anogona kutendeuka uye kuwira pamusana pemusana wezvimedu.
Mashizha akaoma, kurasikirwa nemuvara. Saka zvichida nekuda kwekushaya chiedza. Zvakakosha kugadzirisa huwandu hwekujekesa. Mumwaka wechando, muti unogona kuda kudzoka.