Indoor maruva mabhanja, kutarisirwa kwacho hakusi kwakaoma, kunofadza nemaruva ayo kubvira pakupera kwekuvhura kusvika kushizha. Maruva ayo epakutanga emarudzi akasiyana-siyana akafanana nemapapupa anokwira pamusoro pemiti. Inosara mukati maro yakanyanyisa, parefu petioles, ruvara rune mavara akasiyana-siyana emagetsi, inokura pamusoro pepati rakagadzirirwa tuber uye yakaita mamita masendimita gumi nemashanu.
Iko kune pfungwa yokuti mukati maro cyclamen maruva zvakaoma kukura muimba. Izvi hazvisi zvechokwadi. Ne cyclamen, yatorwa neshamwari, hakuzovi nematambudziko makuru. Asi zvinomera zvakatengwa muchitoro, gara muimba yacho zvakaoma. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti kare izvi zvisati zvaitika ma cyclamen maruva akakura munzvimbo dzakachena dzakagadziriswa. Mushure mokunge vatenga, vanozoshandiswa kumhepo yakaoma inopisa yemapamba edu uye dzimba kwenguva refu. Asi, kana iwe ukaisa zvishoma, nekuraira kwakakwana cyclamen kunogona kurarama kusvika makore makumi maviri nemashanu! Mhando mbiri dzemakwilami anodyarwa muimba: Cyclamen Persian uye Cyclamen European. Pasinei nezita rakafanana, rakasiyana zvakasiyana kubva kune mumwe nemumwe mukuonekwa uye mamiriro ekukura.
European Cyclamen
Kubva kuPersian cyclamen yeEurope inopesana pakuti ine zviduku zvishoma nezvishoma, mashizha ari tsvuku pasi apa. Iyo inokura zvakakwana pane mahwindo ekushisa kwe +18 - +20 degrees uye mhepo yakaoma, mu penumbra. Iyo yakanakisisa nyika inosanganiswa nayo: sod, mashizha pasi, humus, peat, jecha (2: 2: 2: 2: 1). Mvura iyi cyclamen kubva mumateyiti nemvura inotonhorera (3-4 degrees pasi pekupisa kwekamuri), muzhizha zvizhinji, munguva yechando haisi nyore. Iyi mhuka haina nguva yakarondedzerwa yokuzorora, munguva yechando inogona kurasikirwa nemamwe mashizha, asi munguva yechitsva iyo itsva inokura-uye muti unotumbuka. Zviparidzire ne tubers, izvo zviri nyore kuparadzaniswa panguva yekufambisa, kana nekuparadzaniswa kwemafuro emhepo. Vanorara zvakakwana nepasi. Mbeu kazhinji haiparidzi.
Cyclamen Persian
Indoor flower cyclamen Persian inoparadzirwa nembeu. Vanotengwa muchitoro kana kuwanikwa nekugadzirwa kwemapurisa. Kuti uite izvi, tumira mapureni nebhurashi rakapfava kubva pamaruva emuti mumwechete kusvika kumusana weumwe, achidzokorora iyi nzira yekuvimbika 2 kusvika ku3 nguva. Nguva yakanakisisa yekugadzira mhepo ndiyo mangwanani. Mbeu dzichapedza mumwedzi 3 - 4. Vanounganidza, vakachena uye vanokurumidza kudyara, sezvo vachikurumidza kurasikirwa nekumera kwavo.
Mbeu dzinodyarwa mundiro ine musanganiswa webhasi pasi negecha (4: 1), rakarongedzwa mumakomba rimwe nerimwe. Pasi payo ndiro inogadzira mabheji emvura - mvura yakanyanyisa. Kukura kwekukura kuri 0.5 - 0.7 cm, urongwa hwakaitwa 1x1 cm kana 2x2, pamusoro payo yakafukidzwa nemapepa. Kunwa pamapepa, kusabvumira kuoma kwevhu. Iyo pepa inodzivirira chirimwa kubva pakubatanidzwa uye kuonekwa kwemukoko pairi. Mafuro anoonekwa musi wa 25 - 30th pazuva pakushambidzika kwei +18 - +20 degrees (murima). Apo inomera, mahwendefa anotumirwa kune chiedza, pepa racho rinobviswa, asi rakachengetedzwa kubva kune zuva rakananga. Dururira zvakanyatsonaka kubva kune sirindi, uchiedza kunwisa pasi, kwete mbeu. Asi chero zvakadaro mashizha anofanira kuoma usiku. Pashure pemavhiki maviri, mbeu dzinodyarwa nechinangwa che ammonium sulfate (2 g nega imwe). Uye shure kwemazuva gumi - potassium nitrate (1 g pamita yega). Mushure memwedzi mitatu mbeu dzave dzakatora 2 kusvika ku3 mashizha. Izvo zvinodhevedzwa maererano nechirongwa che 3x3 cm, majeeti akafukidzwa nenyika.
Kuchengetwa kwechando kwe cyclamen
Nokuda kwezhizha, mukati megwenzi recclamen maruva anogona kutakurwa ku greenhouse. Kuchengetedza kwavo kunofanira kuitwa maererano nemamwe mitemo. Pasi panguva yekudiridza haikwanisi kuva nemvura, zvisinei kuti mbeu dzichaora uye dzichafa. Nguruve dzinogara dzichidyiwa nekuderedzwa kwe mullein (1:20) kana kuti yakazara mineral fertilizer (1 g pamita). Mukupisa kwemazuva okunaya, miche inoshandiswa 3 kusvika 4 pazuva neine siriniti kana spray, mumvuri ane chifukidzo, nemhepo. MunaSeptember, mbeu dzinounzwa muimba uye dzinofambisa kure (5 - 6 cm), panguva ino dzinofanirwa kuva ne 5 kusvika ku6 mashizha. Tables nemichero zvinogona kuiswa panzvimbo yakasimirirwa pakatarisana nehwindo. Mumwaka wechando vanonyanya kusununguka pamusana wekushisa kwe +10 - +12 degrees. Yakabatwa zvakanaka.
3-4 mwedzi mushure mekuunganidza kwechipiri, mbeu yacho inoshandiswa mumakomba ane masendimita 9 cm mumusanganiswa we peat, mashizha, humus, jecha (2: 1: 1: 1), kuisa tuber kwete zvachose, asi 2/3 chete yakakwirira. Nguruve dzinokura zvakanakisisa muzasi pots (chiyero chehupamhi kusvika paupamhi 0.6: 1). Nokuda kwezhizha, mapikiti ane cyclamen mutsva anofanira kufanirwa kuendeswa kune greenhouse. Kuwedzerwa kwekupedzisira, muhari nehupamhi hwe15 - 17 masentimita, kunoitwa munaJuly, kudonha tuber nehafu. Izvo zvakasununguka kuti isunungure tuber kubva pasi, inokurumidza ichakura lignified nekukura. Kana yakazara zvakakwana nenyika, ichaora. Muzhizha, mabhasikiti anodyarwa nekudyiwa kwemombe (1:10) kana kuti yakazara mineral fertilizer (3 - 5 g pamita) mavhiki maviri.
Kuchengetedzwa kwemakwiklameni munguva yekupera
MunaAgasti, tanga kutsamwisa maruva emapuranga emakwenzi, pasina kuvhara hotbed kunyange usiku. Kudonhorera kwakadzika uye madova emangwanani anosimbisa stem uye tuber. Kushambadzira kwemiti hakugoni kuitwa: inogona kuchinja tuber. Bvisa mashizha matsvuku nemafuta zvinogona kuonekwa, uye mashizha ane hutano akotamira pasi kune tuber yaiva muzuva. MunaSeptember-October (zvichienderana nenharaunda), kusati kwatanga kwechando, cyclamen inounzwa mukamuri ine kutonhora kwe +10 - +12 degrees (inogona kuiswa pakati pemapuranga). Nzvimbo yacho inofanira kuva chiedza. Mvura yacho nemvura nemadhora gumi nemaviri. Mvura haifaniri kusvika kumucheto we tuber, kuitira kuti irege kuora. MunaNovember, cyclamen inokura uye inoparadza 2 - 2.5 mwedzi.
Zvikamu zvekubudirira
Mamiriro makuru ekukura kubudirira kwePersian cyclamen inotonhorera yechando (+10 - +15 degrees). Chipiri chechipiri ndihurumende yekudiridza. Cyclamen inonweredzwa chete sezvo nzvimbo yakakwirira yepasi inomesa pamucheto wehari. Ita izvi zvinyoronyoro, nemvura inonyorera, uchiedza kusasvibisa mapapiro uye chidimbu chesimbe uko nzvimbo yekukura iripo. Mvura yakanyanyisa kubva pani yakanatswa. Rotted rot and buds bvisa, kuvhara tuber pachako. Nzvimbo idzi dzakasaswa nemafuta emarasha. Pakati pezvipembenene zve cyclamen, aphid uye cyclamen mite zvine ngozi. Kurwisana nehove dzinoshandiswa nefodya kuregererwa (40 g ye fodya guru uye magiramu mashanu ewaini yekushambidza ne 1 litre yemvura). Uye kubva kune mite - kuiswa kweeion yakakanganiswa (20 g pa 1 litre, kusimbisa mazuva maviri).
Kuchengetedza kwema cyclamens mushure mokutunga maruva
Mushure mokutunga, kudiridza kunopera zvishoma nezvishoma, asi hakumire. MunaJune, kana mashizha akaoma, mapeti ane michero anoiswa pamuranda munzvimbo inotonhorera. MunaAgasti, apo tuber inoburitsa mazai okutanga, inoshandiswa muhari yevhu idzva (mashizha pasi, humus, peat uye jecha 3: 1: 1: 1) pamwe nekuwedzerwa kwezvidimbu zvemarasha. Kana kuiswa kwacho kwakatemwa midzi yakaora, ita mvura yakanaka, iyo tubers yakavigwa pa 2/3 yepamusoro. Kudyara kwakadaro kunodzivirira kuwedzera kwekukura kubva pakuora uye kunokurudzira kuiswa kwemaruva emaruva. Indoor maruva cyclamen kutarisira inokosha. Kana iwe ukatevera mazano ose, maruva aya achafadza nekureba kwenguva refu.