Chitendero, tsika, unyanzvi sechimiro chekunzwisisa kwehuzivi hwechokwadi

Chitendero, tsika, unyanzvi semafungiro efilosofi kunzwisisa kwechokwadi kwakagara kuripo, zuva rega rega tinosangana nemafungiro aya uye tichiita sekunzwisisa kunzwisisa kwavo. Asi ndiani anokwanisa kupa tsanangudzo yakazara yeiri neimwe yemashoko aya, uyewo kuongorora basa ravanozoita muupenyu hwedu? Mafambiro ekuzivikanwa kwefilosofi echokwadi anongororwa zvakadzama uye akadzidziswa zvose mufilosofi uye mune zvepfungwa. Munhu ane marudzi akasiyana-siyana ekufungidzira mupfungwa dzake: anonzwisisa zvinomupoteredza, izvo chaizvoizvo uye zvisingaiti, anozvidzidza uye anoziva unhu hwake munyika ino, kubatana kwezvinhu, izvo zvatinotarisa uye zvatinonzwa. Kuziva ndeimwe yemakomborero makuru evanhu. Rene Descartes mu "Tsanangudzo Yacho" yake inotipa imwe pfungwa yakakurumbira uye inokosha: "Ndinofunga, saka ndiripo ...

Asi isu hatifungi zvakajeka sezvatingadi. Hatigoni kuona nyika semasvomhu, kuziva mhinduro chaiyo kumibvunzo yedu yose. Zvose zvatinotarisa uye zvatinoziva zvinosvibiswa kuburikidza nejeri rekunzwisisa kwedu kwechokwadi, uye munhu mumwe nomumwe ane chirm ichi chakavakwa pachavo. Mafambiro ekuzivikanwa kwefilosofi hwechokwadi, zvakadai sechitendero, tsika, unyanzvi zvinogona kusiyanisa uye kunyatsowiridza ruzivo rwakatitenderedza. Asi imwe neimwe yemhando iyi inokosha chikamu chetsika pachayo, sangano, uye mumwe nomumwe wevanhu. Chitendero, tsika uye unyanzvi ndizvo zvinotiumba, unhu hwedu, isu pachedu. Vamwe mafilosofi vanotenda kuti munhu uyo ​​akatonga kunze kwemashoko aya kubva paupenyu hwake haagoni kuzoonekwa sekuzara. Kubvira pakuberekwa, hatizivi chinhu pamusoro pechitendero, tsika uye unyanzvi semhando dzekufunga kwefilosofi pamusoro pechokwadi. Tinowana mazano aya munzanga, pakati pevanhu vanobatanidza mumwe nomumwe wavo netsika yavo. Isu tinongopiwa mukana wehupenyu wekunzwisisa, kupinda mukati, kukura, kushandisa nekuziva.

Chii chitendero? Ndeapi maitiro ehuzivi hwefilosofi hwechokwadi chaihwo hunovanza? Chitendero chimiro chinokosha chehupenyu hwevanhu, iyo nheyo huru iyo ndiyo kutenda mune zvitsvene, zvakakwirira, zvisingaiti. Ndiyo mutsauko wekutenda muhupo kana kusipo kwe sacral inosiyanisa zvose maonero edu nemafambiro edu, kuumbwa kweunhu hunobatanidza nayo. Chitendero ndedzidzo yekutsika tsika inosanganisira masangano echitendero, machechi, ruzivo, pfungwa dzechitendero uye zvepfungwa. Kubva pane izvi tinoona kuti kazhinji pfungwa dzepfungwa dzevanhu dzinoenderana nemafungiro echitendero, sechimiro chayo chekuita uye chekutonga, chinoumbwa munharaunda. Kuziva kwechokwadi, kushamwaridzana nevatsvene, kwakasiyana zvakasiyana nemunhu asingagamuchiri chitendero. Nokudaro, ndeimwe yemhando huru yekuziva kwefilosofi yezvokwadi.

Art is a form of human creativity, a sphere of activity and a reality in the world that surrounds it. Kunaka uye unyanzvi inzira dzekuziva kwete chete kwechokwadi, asi yega. Sezvakasika, munhu anoisa unyanzvi hwekuziva kana kuti kukanganisa, iyo mafungiro ake anokwanisa. Zvose zvemazuva ano uye filosofi yekare zvinotsanangura unyanzvi nenzira dzakasiyana. Kusiyana nemamwe marudzi ose ekufungidzira, unyanzvi hunoratidza huwandu hwomunhu wehuno, humwe hwake.

Idzi hukuru hunhu hweunyanzvi huri huri huri huri hwehutano uye fantasy, polysemy uye multilingualism, kusikwa kwechifananidzo uye chiratidzo. Unyanzvi hauna kudzidza nehuzivi chete, asiwo nekufunga kwepfungwa, kubva pakusika, munhu wacho anoramba achienda mubasa basa rake pachako, kuratidzwa kwete chete kwekunzwisisa kwake nyika, asiwo yehutsika hwehupenyu hwake. Berdyaev Nikolai Alexandrovich akati pamusoro pezvakagadzirwa nenzira iyi: "Cognition - iri. Ivo ruzivo rutsva rwe simba rekusika hwevanhu uye nyika rinogona kungova chinhu chitsva ... Zvisikwa zvezvisikwa zvisikwa zvinogona kutungamirirwa chete nekukura kwesimba rekusika, kuva kukura kwevanhu uye kubvumirana kwavo munyika, pakusika kwezvinhu zvisati zvamboitika, kusati kwamboitika muchokwadi, uye runako, ndiko kuti, kune zvakasikwa zvezvinhu zvose uye upenyu hwemhuka, kune pleroma, kusvika ku supermundane kuzadza. "

Maitiro ndeye hutsika yemitemo yakasikwa nemunhu kutonga maitiro ake munharaunda. Tsika dzakasiyana nedzimwe tsika, sezvo iri chimiro chakakosha chekuziva kwevanhu, sezvo inoratidzirwa nenharaunda yekuedza nekuda kwezvakanaka. Nzira dzezvemitemo ihwowo chikamu chetsika uye inopiwa nemafungiro evanhu vose, inopararira uye inopinda munzvimbo dzose dzomunhu anewo maitiro akadaro semunhu, pasinei nokuti iyi ndiyo inokosha yehutsika hwemhando dzose.

Chitendero nemitemo, uyewo unyanzvi semafungiro ekufungidzira kwezvokwadi, ndiyo nzira inopedzisa zvakakwana chirongwa chekuona kwevanhu, inoumba unhu hwayo uye inoronga maitiro ayo. Maitiro ekufungidzira anoumbwa munzanga uye anoratidza chimiro chake, saka hazvishamisi kuti nguva dzakasiyana uye vanhu vane marudzi akasiyana ekunzwisisa chokwadi. Chimiro chetsika, kuwirirana kwetsika uye hutsva mukati maro, maitiro ekunzwisisa kwahwowo ndiyo nheyo yezvakaitika zvezvakaitika kare, kurondedzera mazano ayo uye zviri mukati. Kuziva nekuziva kwevanhu kunoumbwa maererano nehupenyu hwavo, saka zvakakosha kunzwisisa nekuziva kuti uri ani uye nharaunda yakakupoteredza.