Biography of Frida Kahlo

Nhoroondo yemudiwa wekuMexico anonyanya kushamwaridzana nemafungiro akajeka, mazamu anoyevedza, yakadzika uye panguva imwechete mafungiro ehupenyu, rudo rutsva uye kurwadziwa kusingaperi. Mushure mekufa kwake, vanhu vakaramba vasina kungoita mapeji ayo chete, asi zvakare iyi biography, yakasimbiswa nesimbi ichada, rudo ruchida uye hupenyu hwezvinetso zvakawira kune chikamu chechidiki ichi uye chisina simba mukuonekwa. Vatungamiri veHollywood vakagadzirira kodzero yekupfura firimu pamusoro pake, kubva paupenyu hwake yakaiswa mubharoti uye kwete imwe yezvinyorwa. Uye kunyange zvazvo makore anoda kusvika 60 apfuura kubva pakufa kwake, anoramba achimuremekedza uye achimunamatira kusvikira nhasi. Dambudziko rehuduku
Akazvarwa Frila Kalo mumuganhu weMexico City - Kaokane July 6, 1907. Baba Guilermo Kalo akanga ari muHungarian wechiJudha aibva kune imwe nyika, akanga achibatanidzwa mumifananidzo, uye amai vaMitylda Kalo vakanga vari muSpanish vakaberekerwa muAmerica. Kubva paudiki hwake, Frieda akatambudzwa nechirwere uye kutambura mumuviri. Saka, pazera remakore matanhatu iye aive nechirwere cheporiyo, izvo zvakakonzera matambudziko pamapfupa, uye musikana akaramba ari akaremara hupenyu - mapfupa eimwe yemakumbo ake akava akaonda. Ari muhuduku hwake mumugwagwa, iye akanyengerwa nekuda kwe "Frida - bone leg". Asi musikana muduku anozvikudza ose ruye ruchiri kukanganisa vavakidzani nebhokisi uye kunyange bhokisi. Uye pamusoro wake wakaonda, gumbo rinorwadza raakaisa pazvikwata zvishomanana kuitira kuti aone seine utano.

Pazera remakore gumi nematanhatu akazobvumirwa kuenda kuchikoro "Pripatoria" paDechip Faculty, uko akakurumidza kuwana chiremera chisingadikanwi pakati pevadzidzi nekuda kwesimbi yake yehuni uye kushandiswa kwekutya.

Dambudziko uye kutanga kwekusika nzira
Pazera remakore gumi nemasere, chekutanga chezvipuka zviviri zvakakosha zvakaitika. Pausiku manheru, akanga achidzoka kumba neshamwari yake apo motokari yavo yakapinda muchitima nepamhanho. Murume wechidiki akadzingwa kubva pamagumisiro kuburikidza nehwindo, asi akazobuda nekunetseka kukuru. Frida akanga asina mari yakawanda. Simbi tsvimbo kubva muchitima ichichengetwa mudumbu chake, yakarova peritoneum uye chiberekero, izvo chaizvoizvo zvinopedzisa kuguma kwaamai vake munguva yemberi. Yakaputsika hup, musana wechipfuva munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana, gumi neane fractures yeporiyo-yakaomeswa tsoka, kubviswa kwetsoka uye clavicle ...

Frieda akaita zvinodarika makumi matatu. Asi nyota yehupenyu uye tsika yekurwa kusvikira kumagumo ichiri kukunda, uye kunyange pasinei nekukuvadzwa kukuru, akamira uye haana kuora mwoyo. Gare gare iye aiwanzoenda kuchipatara uye akapedza mwedzi yakawanda imomo - migumisiro yechipatara yakashandurwa kweupenyu hwake hwose. Mushure mematambudziko iwayo, akapedza anenge gore rimwe avete pamubhedha wezvipatara. Uye ndipo apo paakatora mavara. Kumusviki wemhizha aikwanisa kunyora asingabve pamubhedha, akagadzira chidimbu chakanaka uye akaisa pamusoro pemubhedha girazi guru umo musikana wacho aigona kuzviona. Frida akatanga basa rake rekugadzira nemazvioni, izvo zvakagadzirira basa rake rose remangwana. "Ndinonyora ini, nokuti ndiri ndoga ndoga, uye nokuti ndini iye wandinoziva," akadaro Kalo gare gare.

Murume wehupenyu hwose
Kuchinja kwechipiri muhupenyu hwaFrida kwaiva kufambidzana nemurume wake weramangwana, Diego Rivera. Akanga ari mumwe wevanyori vane mukurumbira uye mukurumbira muMexico panguva iyoyo. Mukuwedzera, akanga ari mutsigiri wakasimba wemafungiro emakomunisti, muvengi webourgeois system uye mukurukuri wepachikoro.

Kuonekwa Riveira yakanga yakanaka chaizvo: giant ine bvudzi rakasvibiswa, dumbu guru uye maziso mashoma. Mumufananidzo wake, Diego iye pachake aigara achizviratidza sechimiro cheganda rakasvibiswa rakabata mwoyo wemumwe munhu mumakumbo ake. Uye zvirokwazvo, vakadzi vakanyengera kubva kwaari, uye haana kuvasiya vasina kufunga. Uye kana akambobvuma kuti "kunyanya ndinoda vakadzi, kunyanya ndinoda kuvabvumira." Ichi chaiva cheRivera yose. Uye wechidiki Frida akawira pasi pechifaro chake chakanaka.

Vakasangana apo Frida akanga achiri achiri kuyaruka. Diego Rivera akaveza masvingo ari pachikoro "Pripatoria", kwaakazodzidza. Akanga akwegura kwaari kwemakore makumi maviri. Mudzimai wechikoro wechidiki akaedza nenzira dzose dzingaita kuti ataure nezvekuremekedzwa, anozivikanwa uye anonyanya kufadza muenzi wezvakanaka. Akamhanya achimutevera, achitsvinyira "Festo yekare," uye rimwe zuva akazivisa pachena kune vamwe vaaidzidza navo kuti: "Zvirokwazvo ndichawana uyu macho." Saka zvose zvakare zvakazoitika. Pashure penguva yemotokari uye gore rakaoma pamubhedha wechipatara Frida akauya kuna Diego kuti aratidze basa ravo rakanyorwa munguva ino yakaoma. Riveira akashamiswa, zvisinei, zvisingazivikanwi, kunyanya: mufananidzo weKalo kana wega.

Vakaroora kana Frieda aine makore makumi maviri nemaviri. Mushure mechato, vakabva vatamira kune imwe nhoroondo shure kwe "imba yebhuruu" -kugara kwechivara cheIndigo, chiri muMexico City, chinowanzofananidzirwa pamigero yeFrida.

Upenyu hwemhuri husinganzwisisiki uye unyanzvi
Upenyu hwemhuri hwaFrida Kahlo naGeorge Reveira hwakange hwakafanana nekuputika kwemakomo. Ukama hwavo hwakanga huzere nechishuwo nemoto, asi panguva imwechete izere nekurwadziwa negodo. Makore mashanu mushure mekutanga kwemhuri yemhuri, Diego akachinja Frida nehanzvadzi yake. Uye haana kuvanza izvi zvakakwana, achiziva kuti mudzimai wake anotambudzika sei. KwaFrida, kwaiva kuputika kumashure. Achizadzwa nekutsamwa uye shungu, akadurura manzwiro ake mukati mechando. Zvichida akanyora chimwe chezvinhu zvinosuruvarisa zvemabasa ake: musikana asina kupfeka akafa ari pasi, muviri wake wakafukidzwa nekucheka kwakadzika, uye pamusoro payo pane muurayi, akabata banga muruoko rwake uye achitarisa asina hanya kune iye akabatwa: "Ndizvo zvishoma zvishoma!" - chinyorwa chinonyanya kutaura uye chinorwadza chemufananidzo.

Frida akakuvara nekupukunyuka kwemurume wake ndokutanga kutanga kutengesa parutivi rwake. Riveira akanga akatsamwa nehutsika iyi yemudzimai wake. Sam achinetseka madzimai evanhu, aive ane godo guru uye asingashamisi manyozha emudzimai wake.

Paiva nenhema dzekubatana kwaFerda naLeon Trotsky. Vanyadzisa remakore makumi matanhatu-revolutionary, vachiuya kuMexico, vakagara mumba yevanhu vanofunga nezvemakoministi eCalo naReveira, uye vakadanana neFirida anorarama uye anofadza. Zvisinei, rudo rwavo rwakanga rusina kureba. Zvinonzi iyo muchengeti wechidiki akanga achingoti aneta nekutarisa kwe "murume wekare" uye aifanira kusiya "imba yebhuruu".

Asingagoni kurwisana kutendeseka pamwe nekukakavadzana nguva dzose, Frida naDo Diego vakasarudza kurambana muna 1939. Frida anoenda kuAmerica, uko mapeji ake akawanikwa zvikuru. Zvisinei, anonzwa akasurukirwa uye anoparadzwa muNew York ine ruzha uye ine mbiri. Mukuwedzera, nekuparadzaniswa, avo vekare vakaroorana vanoziva kuti pasinei nekusiyana kwose, havagoni kurarama pasina mumwe nomumwe. Uye saka muna 1940 ivo zvakare vakaroorwa uye havana kumbobvira vakaparadzana.

Vakaroorana havana kukwanisa kuva nemwana. Kunyange zvazvo kuedza uku hakuna kuvasiya kwenguva refu. Katatu Frida akanga ane pamuviri, asi katatu katatu kuberekwa kwakaguma pakuberekwa. Uyu mudikanwi aidikanwa kutora vana. Asi vazhinji vacho vakafa. Kunyange zvazvo huwandu hwemifananidzo yake yakazara nechiedza, zuva, hupenyu, ruvara rwemarudzi uye mavara akajeka, asi pane zvinoshandiswa apo chinangwa chikuru chisuruvara, kurwadziwa uye kunyange utsinye. Mushure mezvose, mabasa ake anoratidza hupenyu hwake: hupenya uye hunotyisa panguva imwe chete.

Makore ekupedzisira Frida apedza kusungirirwa pawiricheya - kushungurudzika kwekare kunomupa zororo, zvakanyanya kuitira kuti iye ari kuita mamwe maitiro pamutsana uye achipwanya gumbo rake.

Frieda Kalo akafa muna 1954 kubva pneumonia paaiva nemakore 47. "Ndiri kumirira nekumwemwerera, pandinobva munyika ino uye ndinovimba kuti handichazodzokizve." Frida "ndiwo mazwi ekupedzisira akanyorwa mubhuku rake remashoko, mazwi ekuparadzanisa nyika ino. Pamariro ake, gungwa revanoyemura, vanoyemura uye varairi-muzvombo vakaungana. Agamuchira kukoshesa uye kunyanya kuzivikanwa munguva yehupenyu hwake, anoramba achifadza pfungwa dzevanhu vakawanda uye mushure mekufa kwake.