Maererano nehuwandu, 70% yevanhu vose vari pasi pano vane utachiona hwakasiyana-siyana. Pakati pavo vane utachiona kubva mhuka - mhiri. Uye iyi ndiyo chete yepamutemo data. Hazvina maturo kutaura, "zvisina kufanira" matambudziko ehutachiona kazhinji kakawanda. Kazhinji kazhinji kwete, zvidyo zviduku zvinopa vadzidzisi vavo ne tapeworm. Munzvimbo yechipiri - chirwere chechirwere echinococcosis.
Zvinorevei kuti utapukwe neekinococcus?
Echinococcosis is parasitism, iyo mumutumbi wemunhu inotsanangurwa nekupinda uye kufambira muzvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvipembenene zve tapeworm yembwa. Munhu uye mamwe mahara ndeavo vari pakati nepakati pekupedzisira kwechirwere ichi chinopinda mumuviri wedu kubva kumbwa.
Tapeworm - bhondi-semhonye mamilimita mashoma chete, yakazara nezvikamu 3-4, chimwe nechimwe chayo chinobva ma400 kusvika ku800 mazai nehonye. Mushure mekuibva kwavo, vanobva mumuviri wembwa pamwe chete nemasese ayo, nokudaro vachisvibisa ivhu (ivhu, michero nemiriwo, kunyange zvimwe zvinhu zvinofamba). Mazai aya haasi akaoma uye anoponesa mumhepo, uye hapana mvura kana yakakwirira kana yakadzika inogona kutungamirira pakufa kwavo. Mukugovera kwavo, basa guru rinotambirwa nhunzi dzinowira pavanodya nekuda kwekudya, kwomuviri uye kunyange nejecha apo vana vanotamba. Unogona kubata, kunyange kungozorora muzvisikwa, kana nhunzi dzichibhururuka.
Munhu anotapukirwa sei?
Munhu anotapukirwa kwete chete nemichero nemiriwo, mazai mairi, asiwo nehutano hwakananga kana husina kunyatsobatana nemhuka yakakonzerwa (caresses, kubata, kutsvoda). Mazai omumuromo, ayo kazhinji asingaoneki kune ziso rakashama, anova mapuropa mumatumbo, saka ave nekwaniso yekupinza mutezo yeropa, uye kubva ipapo kuburikidza neropa kusvika kune chiropa, mapapu nedzimwe nhengo. Izvi zvinokura nokukurumidza, zvinova chikonzero chekusimbiswa kwe-echinococcal cysts, iyo inowanikwa ipapo nechitarisiko chekunze kwezviratidzo. Izvi zvinowanzoitika muropa (anenge 75% ematambudziko), mapapu (20%), zvishoma nezvishoma muitsvo, masumbu, spleen nedzimwe nhengo dzomukati.
Ndezvipi zvinowanzoita zvirwere zvehutachiona?
Kazhinji kazhinji idzi dziri imbwa dzinokanganisa dzinodya zvokudya zvakasvibiswa uye zvakasvibiswa. Iyo imbwa mune ramangwana inogona kuva inoshanda inotapukirwa kwemakore 2-3. Uyezve, chirwere ichi mukati maro chichave chisingatauriki uye chisingazvikuvadzi zvakanyanya. Asi vamwe vachava nenguva yakaoma.
Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvakajairika zve echinococcosis?
Muzviitiko zvizhinji, zviratidzo zvokutanga hazvina kunyanya kukosha uye zvisingaonekwi. Tsanga dzinogona kuwanikwa dzakawanda, somuenzaniso. Pakupfuura fluorography kana x-ray. Zvisinei, zviratidzo zvinoenderana nekunzvimbo yekistini yechirongwa. Apo ma-cysts akakura kwazvo uye ari mumapapu, kune chifukidziro, kunyorera mukati mubhokisi uye munzvimbo yechiropa. Kunze kwekunze, zviratidzo zvakafanana nepineumonia kana bronchitis. Echinococcosis muchiropa ichiratidzwa sechiratidzo chechirwere chinoramba chichikura, kuitira kuti kuchinja ukuru uye chimiro chechiropa kunogona kutungamirira kumanzwiro ekuremera uye kushungurudzika muchitendero chekunze che hypochondrium. Muchiitiko ichi zvinetso zvinogona kutungamirira kukura kwe jaundice.
Vanhu vane utachiona vane njodzi kune vamwe vanhu here?
Zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti vadzidzisi vembwa vanotapukirwa nemasipirisi echinococcus havaiti ngozi kuvanhu, sezvo chirwere chacho hachikwanise kutapukirwa kubva kumunhu kumunhu. Izvi zvine ngozi chete kune muridzi, nokuti echinococcosis chirwere chakakomba zvikuru, kubviswa kwacho kwakaoma zvikuru, nokuti honye inoisa mazai mukati memaviri. Kurapa panguva yakakodzera, sekutonga, kunoitwa nekubvisa chikamu chemuviri, mukati umo kune chinangwa chezvipembenene. Asi mune dzakawanda zviitiko izvi hazvipi kupa chirwere chakakwana, nokuti kana imwe nyota inoramba ichiri mumunhu - zvipembenene zvinogona kubereka zvakare.
Ndeapi matanho atingaitora?
Chinhu chekutanga uye chinonyanya kukosha ndezvehutano hwehupo uye kushambidza kwakakwana kwemiti nemichero vasati vashandiswa. Mushure mokutaurirana nembwa, iwe unofanira kushambidza maoko ako, uye izvi unoda kudzidzisa vana vako. Iyo imbwa haifaniri kudya nyama yakasvibirira kubva kune inokonzera mhepo-inogona kutapukirwa ne tapopom. Zvokudya zvakagadzirirwa zvakagadzirirwa zvipfuwo hazvigone kuvimbisa kuchengeteka. Imbwa yako inogona kutapukirwa, asi ichiri kufanirwa kudya kudarika.
Zvinotarisirwa kuitisa kudyidzana kwembwa maererano nesheti, nguva nenguva kuratidza iyo kune chiremba, uye kudzivirira fleas kubva pakuwedzera pairi. Ndiyo fleas iyo inozivikanwa kutakura zvirwere zvakakomba zvinogona kuva nengozi zvikuru kuvanhu. Ne hypersensitivity, munhu anogona kukura blisters kana kuputika kwepasi, iyo inofambidzana nekutsvaira kwakanyanya uye kugadzirisa kwevanhu-kufara, kutya uye kunyange kusuruvara. Nyanzvi dzinofunga kuti inenge imbwa dzose dzinogara mudzimba, kamwechete kamwe muhupenyu hwavo, dzaive dzakatakura fleas, izvo dzimwe nguva dzisingaoneki kuvanhu uye dzinongoratidzwa chete nemadonho embwa (kuongorora nyuchi).
Makate - vatakuri ve toxoplasmosis
Kubva pakuziva kuti makate ndiyo mhuka dzakachena, vazhinji veimba yavo vanosarudza kurega kudzivirira zvipembenene zvezvokurapa. Nhamba dzinoratidza kuti 90% emakati emhuri haana kumboshanyira chiremba. Asi makate anogonawo kuva vatakuri vezvirwere zvakakomba zvinokanganisa utano hwevanhu. Chimwe chezvipembenene zvakadai zvakadai se toxoplasmosis. Chirwere chinoitika chisingazivikanwi uye chinowedzera zvishoma muchitanga chekutanga, icho chinonyanya kuipa pashure. Dambudziko rinonyanya kukosha ndeyevakadzi vane pamuviri. Mumwedzi 3-6 yekutanga yehupombwe mwana ari mudumbu reamai vane utachiona hwetrooplasmosis inogona kutanga kukura zvisina kururama kana kufa. Pakupedzisira, mwana anozvarwa ane congenital toxoplasmosis.
Dambudziko nderokuti zvipembenene zvechirwere ichi zvakanyanya zvikuru muhukuru. Kupinza mukati memasero, vanoita ma cysts ane mazana ezviuru zvevanhu. Makate ndiyo inonyanya kukosha, nguva dzose inopa utachiona, kuitira kuti inogona kutapudza vanhu nemamwe mhuka kuburikidza netsvina yavo yehupenyu. Zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti kudya kate yakasvibiswa kana isina nyama yakagadzirwa zvakanyanya kuwedzera njodzi yehutachiona. MuUnited States, somuenzaniso, 22.5% yevanhu vanopfuura makore gumi nemaviri ne15% evakadzi vezera rekuberekwa vane utachiona ne toxoplasmosis.
Kukanganisa kwezvipembenene, kushandiswa kumunhu wemuviri, kunobata nhengo dzakawanda, asi kazhinji kacho kunobata uropi uye rusvingo rwomukati rweziso. Congenital toxoplasmosis inokonzera kuberekwa nekurohwa kweuropi uye meninges, fever, yakawedzera spleen uye chiropa, bofu, jaundice nezvimwe zviratidzo zvakawanda zvakakomba. Inogona kuwanikwa mumwedzi yokutanga yehupenyu kana pane imwe nguva pakukura kwomwana.
Kuwana toxoplasmosis kakawanda kunoitika kusinganzwisisiki, asi kazhinji pane fivha, kurwadziwa kwepfungwa, kuwedzera kwemakirinikodhi, myocarditis, nezvimwe.
Yeuka: kuva shamwari dzakatendeka dzemhuri dzedu dzakawanda hazvina kudiwa - zvinokosha chete kuti titeerere mitemo yakakwirira yehutsanana uye tisingafurwi nguva dzose kushanyira veterinarian. Uye usaramba uchifunga nezvemhonye iwe unogona kuwana - kati kana imbwa inofanira kuva murume mumufaro. Navo iwe unoda kutaura, iwe unoda kuvada, ingozviita nokungwarira uye usina kunyanyisa.