Kuberekwa uye zvose zvinoratidzirwa zvirongwa zvehondo dze rhesus

Mumwe nomumwe wedu ane rumwe rudzi rweropa rine Rh kana chakanaka chakashata. Kunyange zvakadaro vanhu vashomanana chete vanoziva, chii ichocho zvachose uye zvakakosha. Kubva pane zvidzidzo zvehupenyu zvinosanganisa kufananidzwa kweshoko iri rezvechiremba nemamwe mbongoro, kubva kwaari yaakatanga kuwanikwa. Izvi zvakaitika kwete nguva refu yapfuura muna 1940, apo muropa re rhesus macaques veAustria masayendisiti K. Landsteiner uye A. Wiener vakawana puroteni isina kuzivikanwa. Pamusoro pake, uye ichaenderera mberi. Munhu anogona kurarama hupenyu hwose asingatauri rudzi rhesus rwaanaro. Iye haazviratidzi, haaiti chimwe chinhu. Munenge pasinei nenyaya ... Asi kana uine zvirongwa zvekudzivirira uye iyo yose inonzi Rh-conflict inogona kukanganisa marwadzo ako, willy-nilly unotanga kufarira dambudziko iri.

Saka, une zvirongwa zvekudzivirira. "Uye pano rhesus-kukakavara? "- iwe unobvunza. Vakadzi, sekutonga, dzidza nezvazvo panguva yekudzivirira. Mukubvunzurudza kwevakadzi, vanoita kuongororwa kwakajeka kweropa, tsvagai boka neRh-accessory zvisati zvaitika. Ichi chidzidzo chinodikanwa kuti chirege kubvisa kana kudzivirira kuvepo kwekuvandudza hutachiona hwehutano, hunotaurwa mumabhuku ekurapa seRh-conflict.

85% yevanhu vari mumasero matsvuku eropa-erythrocytes ane protein antigen, inonzi Rh factor. Mune idzi 85% Rh, pamwe chete, inofadza. Zvasara 15% zveproteine ​​mumasero matsvuku eropa hazvisipo uye, zvichigadzirira boka ravo reropa, mubatsiri we laboratori achaisa rhesus nechinguva.

Iyo inozivikanwa yeRhesus-kukakavara inotanga kupesana kwe "plus" uye "kuderedza" muvharo yakavharwa yemuviri womunhu. Somuenzaniso, apo munhu ane "ropa rakanaka" akadurura zvakaipa. Kana kana mukadzi ane chiratidzo chisina kutakura anotakura fetus, muropa iro pane Rh factor. Izvo chete mufizikiki, pamwe chete uye zvisingabatanidzwi, mune gynecology zvakasiyana. Mamiriro ezvinhu anowedzera zvisina kunaka.

Rimwechete muropa rehutano hwakadaro unowana masero matsvuku eropa emuchetu ane R Rh factor, masero ayo ezvirwere zvemuviri anovaona seanorwisa miviri yekunze. Mutumbi unotumira nhare uye inotanga kushingaira kukudzivirira zvirwere zvinodzivirira. Zvichinyatsojeka, maitiro edziviriro ehurumende eamai anorasika masero matsvuku eropa, ayo ane asina kuziva rhesus. Nhengo dze hematopoietic dzemu fetus dzinoshandiswa uye kuitira kuti dzidzoze nhamba yemasero matsvuku eropa akaparadzwa, vanotanga kuvabudisa neine simba rekudzivirirwa. Izvi zvinosanganisira kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwezvinhu zvinonzi bilirubin. Nekuwedzera kwayo, uropi hwomwana huchauya hunogona kutambura. Chiropa uye spleen, kushanda nenzira yekuwedzera mutoro, pakuguma, haigone kurarama ... Fetus inoshayiwa oksijeni. Mune zviitiko zvakanyanya zvakaoma, zvingasapona.

Uye mushure mekuberekwa, vana ava vanokura chirwere chehemolytic chechechecheche. Kuongororwa kunonyadzisa, asi kunogona kudziviswa kana matanho ekudzivirira atorwa nenguva. Kutanga zvakakosha nekugara uchitarisa panyanzvi.

Kazhinji, kuchinyoreswa mubvunzo wevakadzi, mukadzi wese ane pamuviri anowana mazano maviri muimba yekurapa kuti aone ropa neropa uye Rh factor. Zviviri, nokuti wechipiri kuongorora kunofanira kupfuudza baba vemwana. Izvi zvichatibatsira kufanotaura zvingave zvakasiyana-siyana zvekudzivirira. Kana vabereki vose vane rhesus yakafanana (pasinei nokuti yakanaka here kana kuti yakaipa), hakuzovi nechinetso.

Mune mamiriro ezvinhu apo murume ane rhesus asina kunaka uye mudzimai wake ane hutano, kune hutano hwakanyanya (75%) yekuvandudza Rh-conflict. Izvo zvinoitika kana mwana achigara nhaka yaR Rh baba vake.

Zvisinei, hazvidikanwi kuona vana vakasiyana-siyana rhesus semutongo nemutongo we "kusabereka." Kunze kwekuti ikozvino pamuviri ndiyo yekutanga (pakanga pasina kubvisa pamuviri uye kuora mwoyo), mikana yevakadaro vaviri haisi yakaipa. Nokuti panguva yekuzvitakura kwekutanga, zvirwere zvinokonzerwa nehuwandu uye hazvibatsiri fetus.

Kufuridzira kugadzirwa kwezvirwere zvinogona kuve neropa remwana weramangwana rakawira mukati mehupenyu hwemamai kuburikidza neparcenta yakakonzerwa kana ine utachiona. Izvozvi zvinowanikwa panguva yekuberekwa, kusununguka pamuviri uye kubvisa pamuviri.

Nokudaro, muropa remukadzi uyo akambova nemimba yekurwisana-rhesus, pane izvo zvinonzi "memori masero". Munguva yekubata pamuviri kunotevera, vanoita kune masero matsvuku eropa reRh-positive fetus nekuwedzera kwekuita kwemaitiro anokonzera zvinokuvadza.

Ndicho chikonzero vanaamai vekupedzisira vanowira muboka risina ngozi vanofanira kunge vari pasi pekuchengetedzwa nguva dzose kwegynecologist. Munguva yehutumbi hwose, iwe uchafanirwa kutora tsanangudzo yakasarudzwa inotarisa kuvapo kwezvirwere muropa. Kusvikira kumavhiki makumi maviri nemaviri - kamwe chete pamwedzi, mune imwe nguva - vhiki nevhiki. Kana chigumisiro ichi chisina kunaka uye kuberekwa kunowanzoitika, pamasvondo makumi maviri nemashanu mukadzi anopiwa chirwere chinorwisa antiresusive immunoglobulin. Ichi ndicho chikonzero chinofanira kudzivirira, mishonga inoona uye inosunga amai "vanoita zvakanaka" erythrocytes kune fetus. Anoita kuti isingaoneki kumuviri wake wesimba.

A positive test result nechirwere chepamusoro chechirwere chinoratidzira chiratidzo chekurumidza kugadziriswa kwevakadzi vane pamuviri.

Munharaunda inonzi perinatal, nyanzvi dzicharamba dzichitarisa huwandu hwehutachiona. Uye ultrasound mu dynamics ichabvumira kucherechedza kuchinja kuduku kunhengo dzomukati dzomwana.

Kazhinji pasi pekutonga kwakanyatsogadzirisa kuberekwa kunogona kuiswa kune zuva raunoda. Chikamu chinotevera chikamu chekusiya.

Pazuva rechitatu mushure mekuberekwa kwomwana ane Rh factor yakanaka, mukadzi anoratidzwa kutungamirirwa kweAn immunoglobulin antiresusive. Achaita basa mukuzvitakura zvakatevera, kudzivirira kufambiswa kweRh-conflict.

Kana kuve nepamuviri kwekutanga kwakange kusina kunyatsogadzikana, uye mushure mokuberekwa iwe wakapiwa mishonga yakakodzera, zvichida kuberekwa kwechipiri mwana hakuzokonzeri matambudziko makuru. Mikana yekuvandudza Rh-kukakavara ndeye 10-15% chete.

Chero mamiriro ezvinhu, hapana kupesana kwekuita pamuviri. Zvichida, mamiriro acho ezvinhu achange achida kuongorora zvakanyatsonaka kwevadzidzisi uye nzira yakatarisa yekuita kwekushandiswa kwezvirongwa zvavo. Sezvaunogona kuona, zvirongwa uye rhesus kukakavadzana hazvisi nguva dzose zvinoenderana.