Makore gumi apfuura, kana mukadzi akabereka mwana wekutanga wemakore anenge makumi maviri nemashanu, akaidzwa "yekare primogenitor". Nhasi, muvhareji wemakore mumukadzi anozvara mwana wekutanga-makore 25-35. Nhamba yakawanda yevakadzi vanova vanaamai chete nemakore makumi mana. Ndezvipi zvinogona kutyisidzira kana, zvakasiyana, zvingabatsira kumadzimai ekudzivirirwa uye kubereka pashure pemakore makumi matatu? Verenga pamusoro payo pasi apa.
Kana iwe uri nemakore makumi matatu
Nokuda kwekuberekwa kwechecheche, kunyange vasikana vechidiki vari biologically vanogona. Asi mudzimai oga wemakumi maviri oga oga anogona kuita chisarudzo chakanaka chokuzvara mwana, kuti anogona kumuchengeta asati aberekwa uye mushure mokuberekwa. Nokudaro, vanachiremba vanodavira kuti nguva yakakodzera yekuzvara mwana wekutanga ndeye makore 25-27. Kana zvichibvira, nguva yakanakisisa yekutanga kubata pamuviri kune makore makumi matatu. Gare gare, kubereka kwomukadzi kunotanga kupera. Mukadzi ane mazai mazhinji, asi haasi ose achava nehanya nehutano. Uye sezvo chimiro chisingazobvumiri kuisa pfungwa "isina kukwana", zvingave kuti mwana achazofanira kumirira kwenguva yakareba kupfuura yakatarirwa. Pazera remakore makumi matatu, kunyange mwedzi mishomanana yehupenyu hwepabonde nguva dzose haungatungamiri kumera, iyi haisati iri chikonzero chekufunganya. Kunetseka pamusoro pokushaya vana kune mumwe wevamwe vanogona kusimuka kana mushure megore rekuedza mukadzi wacho asina kutora pamuviri. Zvadaro vese vakaroorana vanofanira kuongorora uye, zvichida, vatore kurapwa. Zviri nani kuzviita nokukurumidza sezvinobvira. Kana zvichidikanwa, kushandiswa kwekushaya rubatsiro mushure memakore makumi matatu nemashanu ekuberekwa kunopa migumisiro yakanaka pane imwe nguva inotevera. Dzimwe nguva inoderedza mikana yekubudirira.
Kana uine makore makumi matatu nemashanu
Kunyange zvazvo pazera remakore makumi matatu nemashanu mukadzi achiri kunzwa achiri muduku, achishingaira, ane utano - ino yezera kune vazhinji vedu tiri muganhu. Mukadzi asina kukwanisa kuva amai vasati vava nemakore makumi matatu nemakumi matatu anofanira kuziviswa nachiremba nezvekugona kwekusununguka kwepabonde pasina. Izvi zvakanakisisa zvakaitwa nokuti dambudziko rekuremererwa kwevana muvana (vazhinji vavo vanorwara neArt's syndrome) inokwana 1: 1400 kuvakadzi vane makore 25, asi mumakore makumi matatu nematatu vane ngozi inokwira kusvika ku1: 100. Zvinokosha kufunga nezvekukosha kwehutachiwana hwemazuva ose, zvino sezvo pane dzimwe nguva inobvumira vabereki kubvisa kuzvidya mwoyo kumwana, nekuda kwehutano hwake. Kana chirongwa chacho chichiona kuberekwa kwepabonde mumuchechi, pane dzimwe nguva (sekuda, hydrocephalus, kudzivirira kwe-posterior urethra), mwana anogona kuporeswa mudumbu. Asi dzimwe nguva, kuitira kuti tidzivise kuchinja kusingagadziki kunotungamirira kukuremara kana kufa, mabasa akadaro haaiti. Nekuberekwa kwevanyanzvi vanogona kupa rubatsiro nekuwana kune zvigadziriro zvakakodzera. Zivo yekuberekwa kusakanganiswa kunobatsirawo kugadzirira mupfungwa zvekuberekwa kwomukadzi iyeye nehama dzake. Kana icho chirema chiri chakanyanya uye chinopesana nebasa rinowanzoitwa, mukadzi wacho anogamuchira zvigadziriswa uye zvepamutemo zvingaita kubvisa pamuviri kune zvikonzero zvekurapa.
Mushure memakore makumi mana, zvinhu zvose zvakaoma zvikuru
Kuberekwa kwomwana wechipiri pazera remakore makumi mana hakusi dambudziko. Asi dzimwe nguva kune matambudziko akakomba munyaya yekutanga pamuviri. Panguva ino, vakadzi vanowanzoshungurudzika kubva pakuberekwa. Iwe haufaniri kudzorerazve chisarudzo chekubereka mwana wako wekutanga kusvikira kune makumi mana. Panguva ino, vakadzi vane zvakaoma kurega kubata pamuviri uye basa ravo rakaoma. Vamwe vane zvinetso zveutano, zvakadai sehutachiona, chirwere chemwoyo, gynecological disorders, somuenzaniso, zvinetso zvehomoni uye uterine fibroids. Kurapa kwezvirwere zvisingaperi munguva yekuzvitakura kwakaoma, nokuti mamwe mishonga inogona kukanganisa nguva yekuzvitakura. Mafupa emapfupa ezera rino haasi sekushandura sezvakaitika kare, uye iwe ungada chikamu chekudzivirira.
Perinatal Kuziva
Ichi ndicho chiedza chikuru chisina kuparadza chinobatsira kutarisa kufambira mberi kwema fetus, kuona kana kune chero chepenital anomalies (somuenzaniso, inosangana nezvikanganiso mumakromosomes uye neural tube defects). Zvakachengeteka uye hazvina maturo kumwana. Mumakondomu akaenzana, kuongororwa kwakadaro kunoitwa 3-4 nguva isati yapera masvondo gumi kuti uone kuti kutakura kwakatanga sei. Zvadaro pamasvondo 18-20 kuti uone kuti mwana wako ari kukura zvakadii, uye kana nhengo dzakanaka. Zvadaro, pavhiki 28, kutarisa kana mwana akaberekwa ari akajairika, uye pamasvondo makumi matatu nemasere, kuiswa kwemucheche mushure mokuberekwa kunofanira kuongororwa.
Amniocentesis
Inoitwa panguva yekudzivirira uye kubereka pashure pemakore makumi matatu uye mune dzimwe nguva apo pane kusafungira kuti mwana anogona kunge ane chirema chakaberekwa (somuenzaniso, kana mhuri ine zvirwere zvakaberekwa kana kuti kana mwana wekutanga asina utano hwakakwana). Kuongororwa kunosanganisira kutora nhomba shoma kubva pane bladder duku ye amniotic fluid (iyo sindano inowanikwa pasi pekugadzirisa ultrasound). Chiyero hachina maturo uye chakachengeteka - zvinetso hazvishamisi (0.1-1 muzana yematambudziko.). Mvura yacho inotamirwa kune imwe mazai ekuberekwa kwema genetic iyo ichaongororwa. Zvadaro, mugumisiro uchataurirwa kana fetus ine chero kusakosha mumakromosomes.
Biopsy ye trophoblast
Kuburikidza nemugero wemumuviri kana mimba, chikamu chiduku chezvipfeko izvo chikamu cheparentea yemberi inotorwa kuti iongororwe. Iine maitiro akafanana nehutano semamniotic fluid. Chidzidzo chinoitwa mumatangiro ekutanga ekudzivirira (vasati vhiki yegumi nemana), asi haisi yakakurumbira, sezvo inosanganisira ngozi yekuparara.
Triple test
Izvo zvinoitwa paropa remwana asati aberekwa pa18 vhiki yekudzivirira kuona chirwere chekukanganisa kwemafuro. Chibereko chake chinotyisa hachigadziri chinhu chaicho. Iwe unofanirwa kuita sarudzo ye ultrasound kubva kune unyanzvi (maererano nehutachiona hunokanganisa), uye kana iinewo zvakaipa, iwe unotofanira kuita amniocentesis. Chiyero chetatu chakarurama chaizvo, asi hachina kutengesa, naizvozvo chinowanikwa mumakliniki ega ega.
Chii chinofanira kuitwa nemukadzi ane pamuviri mushure memakore makumi matatu?
- Zvinopfuura kudarika kuonekwa kune gynecologist nekuda kwekudzivirira kwehutano hweropa, shuga yepamusoro yeropa uye urinyo yakagadzirwa.
- Pfuura muedzo wekutangira. Kana chiremba asingabvumiri kuitevedza, unofunga kufunga nezvekushandura chiremba wako (haasi kungoita basa rake).
- Zvakajairika kurarama, kudya uye kufamba. Iyi mazano haisi kuwedzeredza: usadya kwemaviri, usareva nhema nguva dzose pamubhedha (kunze kwekunge chirongwa chechiremba), usabhadhara zvakanyanya kukura kwemuviri. Iwe unofanirwa kuzvitarisira iwe, kufamba zvakawanda uye unakidzwe nekutarisira kwemwana.