Mavhithamini eboka d anowanzobatwa nemakemikari akawanda anozivikanwa sa vitamin d 1 (calcififolol), d 2 (ergocalciferol), d 3 (cholecalciferol). Vitamini d yakawanikwa kubva kumafuta ehove, asi chaizvoizvo muviri wemunhu unogona kuzvibudisa pachawo uri pasi pesimba rezuva. Nokudaro, mavitamini d 1 uye d 2 anobudiswa nemiti iri pasi pemirairo ye ultraviolet, uye vitamini d 3 inoumbwa paganda revanhu nemhuka. Ichi vithamini isiri yakasanganiswa nemafuta. Pamusoro pekukosha kwevhitamini D mumuviri womunhu, uye ichakurukurwa pasi apa.
Basa re vitamini d
Vitamini d, sevamwe mavitamini, inokosha zvikuru. Iko inokurudzira kunwa kwe calcium uye phosphorus, uye kunodzivirira kuwedzerwa kwakanyanya kwezvinhu izvi mumuguta. Chii chinoshanda che calcium? Ichi ndicho chivakwa chekuvaka mapfupa edu nemazino, ane calcium mumhando mbiri. Muviri unoda kudya kaccium nguva dzose, uye kune zvimwe zvido zvayo, zvine chokuita nemavitamini uye kutsvaga zvinhu. Asi calcium inoshambidzwa zuva nezuva kubva mumuviri womunhu, saka kana iwe uchinzwa kuti hauna zvakakwana zvechinhu ichi - tanga kutora vitamin d. Iye pamwe chete ne calcium chikamu chekuchinjana kwefupa. Uye zvinonyanya kukosha - hazvibvumi kuti calcium ibve mumuviri wedu. Nokudaro kushaya kwechikamu ichi kunokanganisa mapfupa edu - vanova vanyengeri, vanowanzosvibiswa uye kuparadzwa. Saka, zvinokosha kupa muviri muviri wakakwana we calcium uye vitamini d. Kunyange vitamini D inobvumira calcium kuti iwedzere zviri nani mumuviri muduku. Basa reiyi chinhu chakakosha zvikuru, kunyanya mukugadzirwa kwemapfupa emapfupa muvana nevechiri kuyaruka, apo mapfupa ari kukura uye akasimba. Zvinonyanya kukosha mavitamini D kuvakadzi mushure mokunge apedza kubuda uye munguva yezvipingamupinyi zvakanyanya zvehutachiona.
Saizvozvowo, kuvapo kwephosphorus, iyo inowanika mumasero ese ehupenyu uye zvokudya, zvinokosha. Iyo inobatanidzwa mukuitisa pfungwa dzemagunha, iyo chivakwa chezvivakwa chemasero memasero, zvinyoro zvinyoro zvakadai seitsvo, moyo, uropi, mishonga. Anotora chikamu mune zvakawanda zvinokonzera kushandiswa kwemagetsi uye kushandiswa kwemakemikari, uye zvinokurudzira kushandiswa kweinikoni. Phosphorus chikamu chema genetic code uye inosimudzira kusunungurwa kwemasimba kubva kumaproteine, makhahydrates uye mafuta. Iko inobata mwoyo mwoyo, itsvo, uyewo pamapfupa nemasamu. Pamusana pekuvapo kwechikamu ichi mumuviri, pH inochengetedzwa zvakanaka, iyo inobatanidza ne vitamini B, inokurudzira kunwa kweglucose. Izvi zvinodikanwa panguva yekukura nekudzorerwa kwezvinhu zvakakanganisika, kutsigira nekugadzirisa uye kuderedza marwadzo muArthritis. Sezvo vitamini D inobvumira phosphorus uye calcium kuti iite muviri uye yakachengetwa mairi - inopa yakawanda yezvi mineral.
Iyi vitamini ine simba kwete kungoita maitiro akaenzana emapfupa muvana nevakuru, asiwo pahuwandu hwazvo, pamwe nemamiriro emazino. Kuvapo kwevhitamini iyi mumuviri womunhu kunobatsirawo hurongwa hwemitsipa, uye naizvozvo, panguva yezvisikwa zvemumuviri. Iyo inobatsirawo mwoyo, sekuwanda kwakakwana kwe calcium kunobatsira kuita zvinobudirira kwehutano hwemashupa.
Vitamini D inobatawo mamwe maitiro: inodzivirira uye inobvisa kuputika kweganda, inodzora kusuruvara kwekuchengetedzeka uye ichidaro inokanganisa mazinga akakodzera ehuga mumuviri. Iyo inewo inobatsira pakunzwa, sekusarudzwa nemigumisiro yakaisvonaka pakuita kwezeve yomukati. Pasina calcium yakakwana, iyo inosimudzira kudya kwevhitamini D, inova inononoka uye yakanyatsonaka. Izvi zvinodzivirira kutumirwa kwezviratidzo kumitsipa uye kutakura mashoko aya kuuropi. Inokanganisawo marara emasero masero anogadzira monocytes - masero ekudzivirira. Kuvapo kwevhitamini iyi kunobatanidzwawo nemaserovirati, mavhesi, mamwe masero europi, musikana wemwoyo uye mazamu emvere.
Zvakakosha kukosha kukosha kwevhitamini D mukudzivirira kwemhando dzakasiyana dzekenza, dzakadai sekenza yekoloni, kenza yemazamu, kenza yeprostate, kwete Hodgkin's lymphoma. Pasina vhayamini yakapiwa, hapana mishonga inorwisa kenza yemazuva ano inogona kugadzirisa.
Migumisiro yehutamende D inoshaya
Kushaikwa kwevhitamini D kunokonzera kushungurudzwa kwakawanda mukuvandudzwa nekushanda kwemuviri. Chokutanga, kushayikwa kwevhitamin D ndiko kukonzera kukwidza vana, vechidiki nevakura. Somugumisiro wekushaiwa kwayo, chirwere chinokura, umo pane kusakwana zvachose kwe phosphorus uye calcium, mapfupa akatsauka uye anokanganiswa nehutano hwemuviri wekura nokukurumidza. Mafupa echikanda akawedzerwa, chifuva chinotanga kufanana nehump, kunyanya muvana pamagumo ekukura kwemeno. Mukuwedzera, semugumisiro wekushaya simba kwevhitamini D, vana vanowanzova vasina kumira. Ndicho chikonzero nei zvakakosha kuti mwana arambe achibatana nezuva kana zvichida kushayikwa kwevhitamini muzvokudya uye kushaiwa kwekugamuchira kwayo kwakaoma nenzira yekugadzirira. Vakuru ivavo vane ruzivo rwakakwana rwekuwana zuva kana zvikafu zvakawanda zvine vitamini D zvinogona kukudziridza kugadzikana kwemapfupa anonzi osteomalacia, izvo zvinotungamirira kumakumbo anowanzoputika uye maronda anoputika.
Kushayikwa kwevhitamini D kune vanhu vakuru kunobatsira pakuvandudzwa kwehutachiona. Inosanganisira kuderera kwehuwandu uye huwandu hwemapfupa emapfupa, izvo zvinotungamirira pakuora kwezvigadzirwa zvemotokari nekuda kwekurasikirwa kwe calcium kubva mumuviri. Mabhesi anova anononoka, anotsvaira uye anotsvaga. Varwere (kunyanya vakadzi) vanotambura kubva kune munhu akaremara.
Zvishoma vitamin D zvinogona kukonzera conjunctivitis uye dermatitis. Kuneta kwemuviri, kunokonzerwa, kunyanya, nokushaikwa kwevhitamini d (uyewo vitamini c) kunoita kuti kuderedzwa kwekurwisana nechando. Izvo zvinokonzera kushayikwa kwevhitamini D zvakare kuwedzera kwekunzwa.
Pasina vitamini D, basa remagetsi emagetsi nemasumbu zvinodziviswa nokuti rinotarisa zvakakodzera ye calcium muropa. Dambudziko rakawanda rekenza rinogona kukonzerwa nekushaiwa kwevhitamini D. Dental kushaya simba inoguma nekushayikwa kwe calcium uye phosphorus, iyo inosanganiswa nehuwandu hwevhitamini D.
Chinokuvadza ndihuwandu hwevitamini d
Zvakakosha kuchengeta mupfungwa kuti hutano D vitamini D muhuwandu hwakawanda hunotyisa! Kana iwe uchitora icho kanomwe kupfuura zvinokurudzirwa - iwe uri muhupenyu hwehupenyu.
Chigumisiro chehuwandu hwevhitamini iyi chirwere, kuneta, kuwedzera kukura, kurwadziwa mumaziso, kuchenesa, kuora musoro, kuora mwoyo, anorexia uye kutapisa kamuki, inochengetwa muitsvo, mitsetse, moyo, nzeve nemapapu. Pane kuchinja kusinganzwisisiki munhengo idzi uye kunyange kunonoka mukugadzirwa (kunyanya kune ngozi kuvana). Muvanhu vakuru, inowedzera njodzi yekurohwa, atherosclerosis uye mafungiro emabwe.
Inofanira kuonekwa, zvisinei, kuti kuramba kwenguva yakareba kuzuva hakuiti kuti hypervitaminosis. Vitamini d munyaya iyi haibatanidzi mumatutu, sekutorwa kana mahwendefa. Muviri pachake unodzora huwandu hwahwo semugumisiro wekuiswa pachena kune zuva.
Zvinhu zvevhitamini d
Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha cha vitamini D ihove mafuta. Inowanzogadzirwa kubva kumafuta anowanikwa muhove dzakadai salmon, tuna, herring, mackerel uye sardines. Iyi vitamini inogona kuwanika mumukaka (zvichida inowedzera kuwedzera nemavhithamini), uyewo muropa, mazai eprotein nemichero yemukaka yakadai sekizi, british uye cream. Zvechokwadi, maitiro ayo anobva pane kuti chigadzirwa ichi chakagadzirirwa sei (kana chakakura), pamamiriro ezvinhu ekuchengetedza kwayo, mamiriro ekufambisa, kana kuti kunyange, semuenzaniso, mhou dzaiva nekuwana zvakakwana zuva.
Zvisinei, sezvatotaurwa, vitamini D nderimwe remavhithamini mashomanana atisingakwanisi kupinda muzvokudya. Muviri pachawo unogona kubereka vitamin D kubva kunezuva, iyo inogona kusvika paganda redu. Masayendisiti anotaura kuti maminitsi gumi ekupisa zuva nezuva mukati megore rezhizha anopa mubairo unodiwa wevhitamini iyi gore rese. Zvisinei, zvido zvemunhu mumwe nomumwe zvinofanirwa kuverengwa, semuenzaniso, kuti vana vanoda mavitamini akawanda kupfuura vanhu vakuru. Uyewo-kuti nezera iro kukwanisa kwomuviri kubereka vitamini iyi pasi pesimba remirairo ye ultraviolet inopera. Mukuwedzera, vanhu vari munzvimbo yakasvibiswa havakwanise kuwana zvakakwana vitamini D mumuviri. Saizvozvowo, avo vane ruvara rweganda remafu vanofanira kuwana mavitamini D akawanda, sezvo ganda ravo rinoratidza mazuva ezuva.
General information
Zita re vitamini | Vitamin d |
Kemikari zita | calciferol, ergocalciferol, cholecalciferol |
Basa remuviri | - Inopa mukana wekubvisa calcium uye phosphorus |
Migumisiro yevhitamin D inoshaya (vitamini kukwana) | rickets in children and adolescents, bone softening (osteomalacia) uye osteoporosis muvanhu vakuru, kupera, scoliosis uye kupera kwezvigadzirwa zvemotokari, kusvibiswa kwemusana, kusagadzikana kwenhengo yehutano uye kushungurudzika kwemisungo, conjunctivitis, kuputika kweganda, kuderera kwemuviri uye kuderera kwekuramba kwaro, kuora kwekunzwa, kushaya simba uye kurasikirwa kwemazino, izvo zvinowedzera mukana wekutuka masero |
Migumisiro yehuwandu hwevitamini d (hypervitaminosis) | kuwedzera kwekasiki mumuviri, kubuda, kuora, kuwedzera, kuora kwemaziso, kuora, kuora musoro, kuora mwoyo, anorexia, kushaya simba renal function, arteri, mwoyo, mapapu, nzeve, kuchinja kusina kunaka munhengo idzi, kunonoka pakukura kwevana, kunoita ngozi myocardial infarction, atherosclerosis, itsvo dzemabwe |
Sources of information | mafuta ehove uye hove dzegungwa (salmon, tuna, herring, mackerel, sardines), chiropa, mazai, mukaka nemichero yekaka: cheese, bata, cream |
Unoziva ...
Paunodya zvokudya zvine vitamini D, wedzera mafuta mashomanana, nokuti nenzira iyi iwe uchasimudzira kunwa kwevhitamini iyi. Synthesis yevhitamine d inoita kuti zvikwanise kusimbisa pantothenic acid kana vitamini B3. Vitamini D inobata kuvapo kweZinc mumuviri, iyo inobatsira kuitsvo dzevarwere vane dialysis.
Nekukosha kwevhitamini d, muviri wemunhu unotiudza zuva rega rega. Kurarama munzvimbo dzomumaguta nehukuru hwekusvibiswa kunotikurudzira kupedza vitamini d. Vanhu vanoshanda usiku, pamwe chete nevaya vasingakwanisi kugara muzuva, vanofanira kuwedzera kudya kwevhitamini d. Vana vasinganwi mukaka vanofanira kudya vitamin d nekuwedzera mune mahwendefa.
Vanhu vanotora anticonvulsants vane chido chakakura che vitamini d. Vanhu vane ganda rakasviba uye avo vanogara mumamiriro ekudzikama, kunyanya vanoda vitamini D - kupfuura vamwe.